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定语从句,高三英语第一轮复习,The Attributive Clauses,基础知识,定语从句：是指在复合句中， 修饰 或 的从句. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“ ”. 引导定语从句的词叫“ ”,基础知识,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,基础知识,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,the machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,注意避免重复,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,定语从句考点归纳,定语从句考点归纳,2.如何判断介词,3whose 的使用,4 as 的使用,1.that 与which,6 定语从句中的动词的数,5 when, where, why 与that,which 的区分,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?,先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.,先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that .,that,that,1.that 与which,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,that,1.that 与which,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,1.that 与which,根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,This is our classroom , _ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,如何判断介词,关系代词前介词的确定:,Theyll never forget July 1 on which Hong Kong returned to its motherland. 1992 is the year in which you were born.,小结1:根据先行词的习惯搭配,The school to which I was sent was very large. Hong Kong is the city from which he comes.,小结2:根据定语从句中动词所需习惯搭配,Wu Song was the man by whom the tiger was beaten.,小结3：根据定语从句的意义,I have lots of friends, and some of _are friendly.,This is the river,_we often have a walk.,_a bridge was built.,_ there is a boat.,by/beside,on which,over/across which,along which,_which there is a factory.,I have lots of friends. Some of _are friendly.,I have lots of friends, some/none of _are friendly.,whom,them,them,_ which there are few new words.,_which they are talking.,_ which I learned a lot.,_which I paid 8 yuan.,This is the book _which I spent 8 yuan.,on,for,from,about,in,_whom I worked in the factory.,_whom I can turn for help.,_whom I learnt a lot.,_whom the book was written.,He is the person_whom you will write.,China has hundreds of islands, the largest _which is Taiwan.,of,to,by,from,to,with,(turn to sb. for help),用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。 1. I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based. 2. The song, _ which he was interested, will never be heard again. 3. This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late. 4. I will never forget the way _ which my teacher taught me. 5. This is the hero _ whom we are proud.,on,in,for,in,of,6. I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter. 7. They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly. 8. It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts. 9. It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs. 10. I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.,with,of,with,to,on / upon,whose 引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,3 Whose 的使用,先行词与从句的主语构成从属关系,= of which the door,= the door of which,They live in a house whose door is blue.,eg: 他们住在一间门是蓝色的房子里。,= of whom the daughter,= the daughter of whom,eg: He is the lawyer whose daughter went abroad.,There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,Whose 的使用,The earth is round,_ we all know. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,4 as 的使用,This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,as 的使用,1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,which,2 _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.,As,as 的使用,1.when 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如: time,day,hour,year等）。,2. where 表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如：place,room,house等)。,3. why 表示原因，常用在先行词reason 后。,关系副词-when , where, why,5 when, where, why 与that,which 的区分,）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. ）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. ）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. ）This is the museum _I visited last year .,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,1.I will never forget the day _we were in the country. 2. This is the park _you took photos last Sunday. 3. That was the reason_he was late for school.,when,where,why,The house which he lives in needs repairing.,The house in which he lives needs repairing.,The house where he lives needs repairing,Comparing and discovering,The reason why Jim was happy to help Mandela surprised others.,The reason for which Jim was happy to help Mandela surprised others.,.,The day when Mandela told him what to do was the happiest day for Jim?,The day on which Mandela told him what to do and helped him was the happiest day for Jim,I still remember the days _ we spent in the country. I still remember the days _ we studied together. The factory_ we visited is far away. The factory _ this kind of cars are made is very modern. I dont know the reason _ he is angry with me. The reason _ he gave for his being absent isnt acceptable.,which/that,when/during which,which/that,where/in which,why/ for which,that/which,及物动词,不及物动词,及物动词,_you stayed during the vacation?,Is this the village _left you a deep impression?,1当先行词为地点名词时，关系词有三种可能,where=prep.+which,which/that/-,which/that,主语,宾语,状语,_you lived in?,_you cant forget?,which/that,which/that/-,where/ in which,which/that/-,(作in的宾语),先行词为地点或时间名词时,Yesterday is the day _you can never forget.,2先行词为时间名词时:,Ill remember the days_ I spent in the town.,_we lived together.,which/that/-,when/in which,It rained all day and all night _ the ship sank.,eg: 昨天是你念念不忘的一天。,when=prep.+which,which/that/-,宾语状语,which/that/-,=in which/during which,the day_ we lived together.,when/on which/in which,the date _ we lived together.,on which,when,6 定语从句中的动词的数,He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词,you told me?,the way作先行词：,你就是以这种方式在会上讲话的吗？,you spoke at the meeting?,Is this the way,in which/that/-,which/that/-,宾语状语,which/that/-,in which/that/-,the reason作先行词：,he gave for his being late.,he came late.,eg：This is the reason,why/for which,which/that/-,宾语 状语,which/that/-,why/for which,以下名词之后也通常用where引导的定语从句：situation, case, point, position等等。,We were put in a position in which/where we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.,e.g. This is the point where I dont agree.,Pay attention, please!,to which,They are in such a situation where everything is in disorder. The police are looking into the case where two VIPs were killed. Can you make a sentence where this verb can be used? They were at the point where/at which they had to decide what to de next. In the super market, we always see a long queue where people are waiting fir things on sale.,能力提高,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 3. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,to,that,4. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me. 5. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.,which,who,Correct the sentences:,6.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons. 7. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,that,why,Correct the sentences:,8. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.,gives,Correct the sentences:,9. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China. 10.The bike by which I travelled was his.,as,on,Correct the sentences:,1.The reason _ he didnt pass the exam was that he didnt study hard. A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which 2.The school _ my sister studies at is far from here. A.where B. that C. at which D. in which 3.the days are gone forever _ we used foreign oil. A. when B. that C. which D. at which 4.My hometown is no longer the place _ it used to be. A. that B. what C. where D. as,5.He was the only one of the boys who _ late for school. Are B. were C. is D. was 6.He is the guest _ the manager first introduced. Whose B. to whom C. who D. of whom 7.He made a hole in the wall_ he could get onto the house. A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which,8. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. which B. where C. that D. when 9.I can still remember the sitting room _ my brother and I used to sit in the evening. A. Of which B. which C. that D. where,10.We shall never forget the days _ we worked together. A. that B. in which C. on which D. which 11. I still remember the year _ we spent together. A. / B. when C. on which D. in which 12.I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where,1. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. (2006北京) A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /,高考链接,2. There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. (2006天津) A. that B. which C. until D. if 3. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. (2006重庆) A. why B. that C. where D. because,4. -Its thirty years since we last met. -But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy night. (2006四川) A. which B. that C. what D. none 5. In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006上海) A. where B. when C. which D. what,6. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏) A. who B. that C. as D. which,7. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. (2006福建) A. whose B. which C. of which D. that 8. I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江) A. of that B. of which C. that D. which,9. His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream. (2007上海) A. which B. that C. where D. it 10. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. (2007 安徽) A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom,11. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. (2007 北京) A. that B. which C. what D. whom 12. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. (2007 湖南) A. who B. which C. what D. that,13. The thought of going back home was_ kept him happy while he was working abroad. (2007上海春) A. that B. all that C. all what D. which 14. It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (2007 四川) A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which,15. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. (2007 浙江) A. that B. which C. who D. where,Thank you,Goodbye,
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