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必修模块 2Unit 4 Cyberspace,1.harm vt.危害 教材原句 someone who does terrible things to harm countries, governments and people做恶劣的事情危害国家、政府和人民的人,重点单词,单句填空 Doctors always tell us that drinking too much does harm to our health,but some people dont care. As far as Im concerned, there is no harm inmaking(make) an apol-ogy to him first.,点拨 (1)do sb./sth. harm=do harm to sb./sth.对有害;损害 mean no harm没有恶意 cause harm to对造成危害 There is no harm in doing sth.不妨做某事;做某事无害处 (2)harmful adj.有害的 harmful gas有害气体 harmful effects不良/有害影响,harmful radiation有害辐射 a harmful mood不良情绪 be harmful to对有害的 harmless adj.无害的;无恶意的,2.affect vt.影响;感动;(疾病)侵袭;使感染 教材原句 Peter Taylor finds out how puters and the Internet are going to af-fect our lives.彼得泰勒发现了电脑和因特网将如何影响我们的生 活。,单句填空 Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively(ef-fective).(2018北京卷单项填空) While online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects(effect) have been positive.(2016江苏卷) With the governments aid, those affected (affect) by the earth-quake have moved for the new settlements.,单句改错 No one can deny the effects parents have with their children. withon 句式升级 I was deeply affected by the film and couldnt help weeping. Deeply affected by the film, I couldnt help weeping.(过去分词短语作状语),完成句子 What parents say and do has a life-long effect ontheir children. 父母所说的和所做的对他们的孩子有着终身的影响。,写作微练 这些关于国外文化的文章对我们的英语学习产生了良好影响。 These articles about foreign culture(s) have a good effect/influence on our English study.,点拨 (1)affect sb. to tears把某人感动得流泪 be affected with high fever发高烧 (2)effect n.结果;影响 have an effect/influence on对有影响 effective adj.有效的;起作用的,【辨析】,3.suggest v.建议,提议;暗示,表明 教材原句 Tom, can you suggest any good books for my projects? 汤姆,你能为我的项目推荐一些好书吗?,单句填空 Bill suggestedholding(hold)a meeting to discuss what to do during the vacation. He came to my class every day,but his attitude suggested that hewas (be)not really interested in the subject. My mom suggests that we (should) eat(eat)out for a change this weekend. The manager put forward a suggestion (suggest) that we should,have an assistant and there is too much work to do. (2016天津卷) It was suggested that I learn to help others when necessary. 句式升级 He advised us to take all the factors into consideration. He made a suggestion that we (should) take all the factors into consid-eration.(改为同位语从句),点拨 (1)suggest意为“提议,建议”时,其后宾语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略。 (2)suggest意为“暗示,表明”时,其后宾语从句用陈述语气。,【发散思维】 suggestion n.建议;提议(可数名词) make/offer/give a suggestion提供一条建议 ask for a suggestion征求一条建议 at/on sb.s suggestion根据某人的建议,在某人的提议下,4.mean v.意思是;意味着;打算;意欲 adj.卑鄙的;低劣的;吝啬的,小气的 教材原句 Cathy, do you mean well use the puter to travel around the world, entering and exiting countries in seconds and visiting all the histori-cal sites?凯茜,你的意思是我们将使用电脑去环游世界,快速出入不同的国家并参观所有的历史遗迹吗?,单句填空 In his opinion, it is more meaningful (meaning) to travel in foreign countries. I still remember visiting (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.(2018浙江卷) After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on to thank (thank) all the people who had helped in her career.,完成句子 Why?This is the third time you have missed the lecture! Ihadnt meantto.I was hurrying to school when something urgent happened to me. 怎么回事?这是你第三次错过讲座了! 我没想这样。我正往学校赶,这时候有紧急的事情发生了。 Ive beenmeaning to callmy parents for days. 几天来我一直打算给父母打电话。,This new order willmean workingovertime.这个新订单将意味着加班工作。 At such an advanced age they can no longer takea meaningful rolein the pany.在如此高龄的时候,他们已不能再在公司中担当重要角色。,点拨 (1)mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 (2)be meant for为而准备的 (3)meaning n.意思,意义;含义;思想 meaningful adj.重要的,意味深长的 【点津】had meant to do sth.表示“本打算做某事”,【发散思维】几组接不定式和动名词意思有区别的词或短语:re- member to do sth.记住要做某事,remember doing sth.记得做过某事;for-get to do sth.忘记要做某事,forget doing sth.忘记做过某事;go on to do sth. 继续做某事(内容发生改变),go on doing sth. 继续做某事(内容未变);mean to do sth.打算做某事,mean doing sth.意味着做某事;regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事,regret doing sth.遗憾做过某事;stop to do sth.停下来做另外一件事,stop doing sth.停止正在做的事;try to do sth.尽力做某事,try doing sth.试着做某事。,5.population n.人口;全体居民 教材原句 It has a population of just under a million people and is located on North Island.,单句填空 It is reported that the population of that city has reduced (reduce) by 5 percent since 2010. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the worlds population was (be) about 1,700 million. Two years later, Dawson was one of the largest cities in the West, wit a population of 30,000.(2018课标全国阅读理解),完成句子 Canada is the second largest country in the world with a population of more than thirty million.加拿大是世界上第二大国家,人口超过三千万。 Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large as that of theirs.十年前,我们村的人口是他们村人口的两倍。,点拨 (1)the population of.作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;分数、百分比等+of the population作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 (2)have a population of有人口 with a population of有人口 the population of+地点名词+is larger than that of+地点名词 地方的人口比地方的多 Whats the population of+地点名词?地方的人口是多少? 【点津】表达人口多或少时,用large或small,不用many,much,few或lit-tle。,6.settle v.定居;平静下来;解决(分歧、纠纷等) 教材原句 The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled(settle) in the area.,点拨 (1)settle down定居下来;安静下来;舒适地坐下/躺下 settle down to(doing)sth.开始认真对待某事 settle in/into sth.安顿下来;适应新环境/新工作 (2)settler n.移民;殖民者 settlement n.定居点;解决,7.view n.景色,风景;视野;看法,意见 vt.观察;考虑;看待 教材原句 In the city, you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower, which is the citys tallest Tower.在城市里,站在城市最高的塔天空塔上,你可以欣赏到令人惊异的景色。,单句填空 In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well along-side an older style. Person in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect. (2016课标全国),完成句子 In my view/opinion(我认为),this plan is unrealistic,so I decide not to take it. In view ofhis youth, the police have decided not to press charges. 鉴于他年纪很轻,警方已决定不予起诉。,点拨 (1)in ones view=in the view of sb.=in ones opinion在某人看来 in view of鉴于,考虑到 in view/sight在视野范围内 out of view/sight在视野范围外 e into view进入视野,出现在眼前 point of view观点;态度;意见 take the view that.持有观点 (2)view.as.把视为/看作,8.average adj.平均的;平常的;普通的,一般的 n.平均,平均数;平均标准,一般水准 v.平均为,算出的平均数 教材原句 .the average temperature in January (summer) is 23.4.1月份(夏季)的平均气温是23.4,单句填空 Toms work at school isabove the average, while Harrys is below the average. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.,完成句子 His living standards areabove average(高于一般水平). On averagewe would be spending $300 per day. 我们平均每天要花费300美元。,点拨 above/below(the)average 在平均水平以上/以下 an average of+数字 平均为 on average平均;按平均计算 the average of. 的平均数 an average speed平均速度 average power平均功率 average temperature平均温度,1.get in touch (with) (与)取得联系 教材原句 Get in touch.,重点短语,单句填空 To make it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.(2016北京卷) You should give Bob a ring because you havent beenin touch with him for ages.,单句改错 From then on, weve kept touch with each other through e-mails. keptin,完成句子 No one whom he has taught seems ever tolose touch with him. 他所教过的学生似乎没有一个和他失去联系。 I tried toget in touchwith you this afternoon. 我今天下午曾试图与你取得联系。 How long have youkept in touch/been in touchwith John? 你和约翰保持联系多久了?,点拨 【点津】get in touch with与lose touch with均为短暂性动词短语,不可与一段时间连用。,2.be up to 从事,忙于;多达;达到;直到为止;由决定 教材原句 What are you up to this weekend, John?,语境识意(写出下列句中up to的含义) Its up to you whether we accept the present or not.由决 定 California condors(秃鹫) are North Americas largest birds, with wing length of up to 3 meters. 达到,单句填空 After his illness, Tom was no longer up to doing (do) the work. Up to now, the program has saved (save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. Last year, his total ine,with his reward added to, added up to 15,000 yuan.,单句改错 All the players failed to live up their coachs expectations of them. upto,点拨 be up to(doing)sth.能胜任(做)某事 be up to sb.(to do sth.)由某人来决定(做某事) 【联想】含有up to的常用短语: add up to总计 e up to接近;相当于 look up to敬仰 live up to不辜负,达到,wake up to意识到 up to date现代的;最新的 up to standard达到标准;合乎标准 up to the present到现在为止 up to now=so far=till/until now到目前为止,1.make+宾语+宾语补足语 教材原句 In 1985, the New Zealand government made the whole country a nuclear-free zone.,重点句型,单句填空 Mr. Brown was glad to make himself clearly understood (under-stand). He thinks youngsters shouldnt be madeto go (go) to school too early. Knowing the causes of anger can make us examine(examine) our behavior, and correct bad habits.(2018北京卷七选五),单句改错 What makes this shop difference is that it offers more services. differencedifferent,完成句子 He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them interested in his lectures.他非常受他的学生欢迎,因为他总是试图让他们对他的演讲感兴趣。,点拨 (1)句式“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的常用结构如下: make+宾语+n./adj./adv. make+宾语+介词短语 make+宾语+do sth.(do与宾语是主动关系) make+宾语+done sth.(done与宾语是被动关系) (2)make oneself understood让别人明白/理解自己 【点津】该句式的被动语态结构中,动词原形前需加不定式符号to。 此外,make不接doing作宾语补足语。,2.It is+adj.+that从句 教材原句 .“It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”,单句改错 I think that it is foolish for you to do such a thing. forof It is by no means clear that the president can do to end the strike. thatwhat Everyone is very friendly and it doesnt matter how you have lived there for a short or a long time. howwhether,完成句子 It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.他突然想起,他把钥匙忘在办公室了。 It doesnt matterwhether you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.在十字路口无论你向右拐还是向左拐都没关系,两条路都通向公园。,句式升级 We should learn English well. It isimportant for usto learn English well.(important) Everyone knows that failure is the mother of success. It is known to all thatfailure is the mother of success.(it作形式主语),写作微练 众所周知,如果你不经常锻炼,你就不会保持良好的健康。 It is known to all that unless you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health.,点拨 在该句式中,it为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,类似结构还有: (1)It+be+名词+主语从句(如:It is a fact/pity/shame/surprise that.;It is no wonder that.) 【点津】此时主语从句的引导词不一定用that,而是需要根据情况使用。 (2)It+be+过去分词+主语从句(如:It is believed/reported/said/thought,that.) (3)It+不及物动词+主语从句(如:It occurred to sb. that.某人突然想起;It doesnt matter how/whether.) 【联想】it作形式主语的不定式的复合结构: (1)Its+adj.+for+sb.+to do sth.(形容词是描述不定式动作的。如:danger-ous,difficult,easy,important,impossible,interesting等) (2)Its+adj.+of+sb.+to do sth.(常可改为“sb.+be+adj.+to do sth.”)(形容词是描述人的性格和品质方面的。如:brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish, kind,nice,stupid等),3.find+it+adj.+to do sth. 教材原句 But I still find it hard to imagine(imagine).,单句填空 I find it hard to stop (stop) and dancing reminds me that Im alive.(2018课标全国七选五) Susan made it clear to methat she wished to make a new life for herself.,单句改错 I think it very importance to make more friends abroad. importanceimportant People felt it impossible of man to fly into outer space some years ago. offor New technologies have made it possibly to turn out new products faster. possiblypossible,句式升级 We should speak more English. We think it is very important. We think it very important to speak more English.(it作形式宾语,不定式作真正宾语),点拨 在该句式中,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语,形容词在句中作宾补(宾补也可以是名词),此外,真正的宾语还可以是宾语从句。常用于该句式的动词有consider,think,find,feel,make,believe等。该句式可归纳为: 动词+it+adj./n.+to do sth./that从句 【点津】在该句式中,不定式之前有时可加上“for+名词/代词”,此时名词/代词是动词不定式的逻辑主语。,
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