语法(新题型)

语法词汇专项练习（一）PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MIN.1. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A. The fishing and the hunting in Arizona were good that year. B. Brown bread and butter are usually eaten with smoked salmon. C. Many a man and woman in this room is entitled to a copy. D. Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed.2. Which of the following best explains the meaning of He may not go to the party? A. He is not permitted to go to the party. B. Possibly he will not go to the party. C. He shouldnt go to the party. D. He can decide whether to go to the party.3. Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of concession? A. You will pass the exam as long as you work hard. B. As Chile is a long, narrow country, temperature varies considerably from north to south. C. Tom must finish the work as his boss asked him. D. Child as he is, John knows a lot about the history.4. Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an attribute? A. We will go to the park without you. B. There seems to be a solution to this problem. C. To my delight, he passed the entrance examination in July. D. Fruit is rich in vitamins.5. Which of the following determiners (限定词) can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns? A. many a B. a few C. such D. certain6. Which of the following reflexive pronouns (反身代词) is used as an appositive (同位语) ? A. I told myself never to give up B. He did all the things for himself. C. The president himself will show you our campus. D. You should try to do it by yourself.7. Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject? A. It is not decided whether to go or not. B. It will be given to whoever comes first. C. It is his father that has prevented him from doing so. D. What matters is not how much you do but whether you try to do.8. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A. The cattle in the farm were killed. B. New machinery was introduced in the factory. C. The police are going to search that district. D. All the furniture were sold in the house.9. Which of the italicized parts functions as an object? A. His daughter is looking forward to his coming back from the travel. B. Her coming late for the meeting was beyond his expectation. C, It is no use your crying over split milk. D. My parents strongly object to the idea of my going out alone at night.10. All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPT A. She doesnt like his present job, typing the documents. B. He knows the fact that he has been fired. C. They both like the food in that restaurant. D. He doesnt like the way I speak in the meeting.11. In Would you pass me the dictionary?, the italicized part is_of the sentence. A. the subject B. the direct object C. the complement D. the indirect object12. Which of the following sentences indicates COMMAND? A. You must have told her the truth. B. You must be Mr. Smith. C. All men must die. D. You must do it again.13. Which of the following is INCORRECT? A. Tom suggested that we leave earlier. B. Tom suggested that we should leave earlier. C. Tom suggested leaving earlier. D. Tom suggested us to leave earlier.14. What does it refer to in the sentence I think it important to achieve an agreement on this issue? A. I B. an agreement C. the issue D. to achieve an agreement15. In the sentence The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city, the italicized part is_ A. the appositive clause B. the attributive clause C. the object clause D. the subject clause16. The_of the flood, which caused thousands of people to lose their houses, was 3 weeks of torrential rain. A. source B. origin C. root D. Resource17. Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that_one year of college. A. improves B. subsidizes C. obliges D. Inflicts18. _human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset the delicate chemical balance in the brain. A. Deliberate B. Consistent C. Primitive D. Abnormal19. It is due to the invention of the computer that man has been able to work so many wonders in the past few years. A case_is the successful launching of space shuttle. A. in point B. in question C. in a way D. in brief20. He plays squash to the_of all other sports. A. eradication B exclusion C. extension D. inclusion21. Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very _. A. intriguing B. indefinite C. obscure D. dubious22. They have decided to_physical punishment in all local schools. A. put away B. break away from C. do away with D. pass away23. Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a _ place in English literature. A. most unique B. least unique C. very unique D. Unique24. Although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful_through the window. A. vision B. look C. picture D. View25. The police got some_information about their plans. A. inner B. inside C. inward D. Interior26. There are several landladies approved by the university who take in_. A. lodgers B. residents C. inhabitants D. Settlers27. There are many who believe that the use of force_ political ends can never be justified. A. in search of B. in pursuit of C. in view of D. in light of28. Because of the_noise of traffic I couldnt get to sleep last night. A. progressive B. provocative C. perpetual D. Prevalent29. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the_of your spectacles need changing. A. lenses B. glasses C. sights D. crystals30. Good travelers dont leave_on trains or airplanes. A. rubbish B. litter C. garbage D. Pollutant语法词汇专项练习（一）答案解析1、 答案：B 解析： 下列哪个句子是不正确的？考点 本题考查主谓一致。B)句的主语是Brown bread and butter，在英语中bread and butter被看做一体，表达单数概念，故其做主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，故B)项错误，为答案。A)项的主语The fishing and the hunting是由两项内容组成，表达的是复数概念，故谓语动词用复数，正确；C)项Many a man and woman虽然意义上是复数，但形式上是单数，故谓语动词用单数，正确；D)中的主语为few students，故谓语用复数，也正确。2、 答案：A 解析：下列哪项是对“He may not go to the party”的最佳解释？考点 本题考查情态动词。“He may not go to the party”一句中may表示“许可”，而may not表示“不许可”，故该句意思是“他不可以去参加派对”，即“他不被允许去参加派对”。故答案为A)。3、 答案：D 解析：A项为条件状语从句；B项为原因状语从句；C项为原因状语从句；D项为让步状语从句4、 答案：B 解析：题意 下列哪句中的介词短语用做定语？考点 本题考查介词短语充当的成分。B)中的介词短语to this problem充当名词the solution的后置定语，表示“这一问题的解决办法”，故答案为B)。A)中的without you做状语，表示条件；C)中的To my delight做状语，表示“让某人高兴的是”；D)中的in vitamins做状语，表示“在某方面”。5、 答案：D 解析：下列哪个限定词既能放在单数可数名词前面也能放在复数可数名词前面？考点 本题考查限定词的用法。D)certain既可以与单数名词搭配，表示“某一个”，也可以与复数名词搭配，表示“某些”，故答案为D)。A)many a表达“许多”，但其后只能接单数可数名词；B) a few只能与复数可数名词搭配；C)such能与复数可数名词及不可数名词搭配，但不能直接与单数可数名词搭配，需加上冠词，再接名词，即用于“such a/an+n.”结构。6、 答案：C 解析： 下列哪项中的反身代词被用做同位语？考点 本题考查反身代词。C)中的反身代词himself是主语The president的同位语，两者所指相同，故答案为B)。A)中反身代词做谓语told的间接宾语；B)中反身代词做介词for的宾语；D)中反身代词与by一起充当句子的方式状语。7、 答案：A 解析：下列哪个句子的斜体部分用做主语？考点 本题考查It做形式主语的用法。A)句中it做形式主语，whether引出的不定式短语结构才是句子真正的主语，故答案为A)。B)中的whoever引导宾语从句，做介词to的宾语；C)句是个强调句型，强调的成分是句子的主语，that只起引导作用，其后的内容是句子的谓语部分；D)中的not.but连接的并列结构充当句子的表语。8、 答案：D 解析：下列句子哪个是不正确的？考点 本题考查主谓一致。D)中的furniture为无生命的集合名词，做主语时谓语要用单数形式，故D)错误。A)中的cattle、C)中的police均为有生命的集合名词，做主语时谓语用复数形式，均使用正确；B)中的machinery为无生命的集合名词，做主语时谓语用单数形式，使用也正确。9、 答案：A 解析： 下列哪个句子的斜体部分用做宾语？考点 本题考查动名词复合结构。A)中斜体部分是looking forward to的宾语，其中to是介词，故答案为A)。避错 B)中斜体部分是做主语；C)中it是形式主语，斜体部分是真正的主语；D)中斜体部分做宾语the idea的同位语。10、 答案：D 解析：下列哪项句中不含同位语？考点 本题考查同位语。D)项中I speak in the meeting是省略了成分的定语从句，做the way的定语，该句中没有同位语，故答案为D)。A)中typing the documents是her present job的同位语；B)中的that引导同位语从句，做the fact的同位语。C)中both是They的同位语。11、 答案：B 解析：考查句子成分。某些及物动词(如buy，give，show，teach，pass，lend等)之后跟有双宾语，往往一个指 人，一个指物。指人的为间接宾语，指物的为直接宾语。故答案为B。一般情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后； 也可把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但间接宾语前需加介词。题中的句子可改为：Would you pass the dictionary to me?12、 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词用法。A、B项表示推测，意为“应该，一定”；C项表示不可避免性，意为“必然要，必定会”；D 项表示命令，意为“必须”。故答案为D。13、 答案：D 解析：考查动词用法。suggest表示“建议做某事”时，通常用suggest doing sth表达；或后加that从句且从句 由“should动词原形”构成，should可以省略；但没有suggest sbto do sth的用法。故答案为D。14、 答案：D 解析： 考查代词用法。it在句中是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to achieve an agreement，故答案为D。15、 答案：A 解析：考查从句成分辨析。题中的that从句是对the thought的解释说明，属于同位语从句，可先排除C、D项 (宾语从句、主语从句)。B项定语从句具有一定的干扰性。定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的 名词或代词，其引导词在从句中充当一定的成分；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何句 子成分。此题的that在句中不充当任何成分，故属同位语从句。答案为A。16、 答案：B 译文：这场造成数千人无家可归的洪水起因于持续了三个星期的倾盆大雨。 解析 考查名词辨析。origin“起源，起因”，指事物后来发生、发展变化的最初起点，或指人的出身和血统，如： words of Latin origin(源于拉丁语的词)。source指河流、泉水等的发源地，常指抽象事物的根源或来源或资 料、信息的出处或来源，如：the source of strength(力量的源泉)。root“本质，根本”，喻指事物最初、最根本的 起因，如：the root of all evil(万恶之源)。resource常以复数形式出现，表示“资源，财力”，如：natural resources(自然资源)。本句指洪水的“起因”，所以origin为正确答案。17、 答案：B 译文：我们高中学校每年会有一名同学获得一笔可补贴一年大学生活的奖学金。 解析 考查动词辨析。subsidize意为“给.津贴；资助”，符合题意。improve意为“改进，改善”；oblige意为 “施恩惠于，帮.忙”；inflict意为“予以(打击)；使遭受(损伤，苦痛等)”。18、 答案：D 译文：反常的人类行为是由于人们吃了扰乱人脑复杂化学平衡的物质引起的。 解析 考查形容词辨析。abnormal与normal相对，表示“反常的”，符合题目的语义及用法要求。deliberate表 示“深思熟虑的，故意的”；consistent指“一致的，相容的”；primitive指“原始的，简单的”。19、 答案：A 译文：计算机的发明使人类在过去几年能够创造出许多奇迹，成功地发射宇宙飞船就是一个恰当的例子。 解析 考查词组辨析。in point“恰当的，切题的”，a case in point意为“恰当的例子”，故A为正确答案。in question意为“正被谈论的，被考虑的”；in a way意为“从某种意义上来说”；in brief意为“简而言之”。20、 答案：B 解析：他只打壁球，排斥其他所有的运动。 解析 考查名词辨析及固定搭配。短语to the exclusion of意为“把.除外，排斥”，例如：A leadingmember should never concentrate all his attention on one or two problems，to the exclusion of others(一个领 导人不能把全部注意力只集中在一两个问题上而不顾其他。)eradication意为“根除(疾病、问题等)”； extension意为“延伸，范围”；inclusion意为“包含”。21、 答案：C 译文：没有几个人能明白这位教授的讲座，其主题太过晦涩难懂。 解析 考查形容词辨析。题目说没有几个人明白教授的讲座，证明它太难以理解，obscure意为“晦涩的，费解 的”，强调“难以理解”这个含义，为正确答案，又如：This poem is obscureI really dont understand it(这首 诗很费解，我真的看不懂。intriguing意为“引起好奇心或兴趣的，有迷惑力的”。indefinite意为“不确定的，不明 确的”，如：。My plan remains indefiniteI dont know how to tell you about it(我的计划还未确定，我不知 道怎么跟你说好。)dubious意为“可疑的，含糊的”，如：She always takes other peoples compliment as dubious(她总是怀疑别人对她的恭维。)22、 答案：C 译文：他们已经决定在当地所有学校中废除体罚。 解析 考查词组辨析。do away with意为“废除，取消”，能与punishment：搭配，为正确答案。put away意为 “把.收起，收好；贮存；放弃(想法)”；break away from意为“从.逃走；逃脱”；pass away多为不及物用 法，意为“停止，消逝；去世”。23、 答案：D 译文：弗里乔叟在英国文学上占有独一无二的位置。 解析 考查unique的用法。unique独一无二的”不能用于比较级或最高级，前面也不能用副词修饰。24、 答案：D 译文：尽管我喜欢这座房子的外观，但促使我决定买下它的真正原因是窗外的美丽景色。 解析 考查词语辨析。view指“景色，风景”，如a house with good view“风景优美的房子”；也可指“观点，见 解”，如：in view of(鉴于；考虑到)，with a view of(为了，目的在于)。vision“视力，远见，洞察力，幻影”；look “看，注视，脸色，面容，外表”，如：an angry look(愤怒的神情)；picture“画；照片；图像；画面”。25、 答案：B 译文： 警察得到一些有关他们计划的内部消息。 解析 考查形容词辨析。这四个由in-成的词均有“内”的含义。inside指“里面那一侧的”，常用于以下词组： the inside lane(公路靠右侧的车道)，即慢行道，inside information(内部消息)。inside可以加-r，即insider“内 部人士”，其反义词为outsider“局外人”。inner含有比较意义，指“更内层的”，如同心圆中里面的圆就叫the inner circle inward的-ward与forward的-ward一样，表示方向，指“向内的”，有藏之于内的意思。interior指 一座建筑物“内部的”，一个国家“内部的”或“内地的”，如：interior decoration(室内装潢)。26、 答案：A 译文：有几个女房东经过学校批准可以接纳寄宿学生 解析 考查名词辨析。lodger。“临时住宿者”，与题目中的landladies属于同一语境，为正确答案。resident“居民， 定居者”，与visitor相对；inhabitant“居住者，居民”；settler“殖民者，移民者，定居者”。27、 答案：B 译文：许多人认为用武力实现政治目的永远不可能是正当的。 解析 考查词组辨析。与political ends搭配的只能是in pursuit of“在追求.时”，它们之间有逻辑上的动宾 关系。in search of意为“寻找”；in view of意为“鉴于，考虑到，由于”；in light of意为“根据，按照；考虑到”。28、 答案：C 解析：考查形容词辨析。Perpetual意为“永久的，永恒的，长期的”，常指没有间断的，经常性重复发生的，符合题意，又如：The first experience in work will have perpetual influence on his future(第一次工作经历将会 永久地影响他的未来。)progressive意为“进步的，累积的，渐进的”；provocative意为“煽动的，挑衅的”； prevalent意为“流行的”。29、 答案：A 解析: 考查名词辨析。本题中需要填入的词应该是spectacles(眼镜)的一部分，且可以“更换”，lenses意为“镜 片”，符合题目要求。glasses意为“眼镜”，即spectacles；sights意为“视野；风景”；crystals意为“水晶，晶体”。30、 答案：B解析: 考查名词辨析。litter指到处乱丢的东西和杂物，符合句意。rubbish指残骸、废物等普通垃圾；garbage专 指厨房中的残羹冷炙等必须清除掉的垃圾；pollutant“污染物”，专指工业废物、废气及有放射性污染的物质。语法词汇专项练习（二）PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MIN.1、 The following sentences indicate predictive voice EXCEPT A The light is still on, so he must be at home. B He must be writing a letter to his girl friend. C If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops. D Sam must be nearly 90 years old now.2、 Which of the following italicized parts is used as preposition? A The driver failed to see the other car in time. B Let her leave if she wants to. C Im looking forward to your reply. D There are plenty of things to eat.3、 Which of the following italicized parts is a predicative clause (表语从句)? A A prosperity that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. B The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. C It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. D His suggestion is that we should keep moving forward without hesitation.4、 In the sentence Father asked us to pick some apples on the farm, the italicized phrase is A an subject. B a verb. C a adverbial. D a complement.5、 Which of the following italicized parts indicates a relationship of linking verb and predicative (系表结构)? A He became a famous pianist at the age of 15. B I took the first place in the competition. C China belongs to the third world. D Theyve put up a factory in the village.6、 Which of the following sentences is a COMPLAINT? A Please show me your new dress. B You must do it again. C What trouble youve made. D May you good luck.7、 Which of the following italicized phrases indicates cause? A He made money on the deal. B He went away on business. C She walked on tiptoe. D My father works on a farm.8、 Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home. B It is essential that all these figures be checked twice. C The insistence that a house is to be bought may in fact be misguided. D They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule.9、 Which of the following sentences has an object complement? A The young parents named the baby Jane. B I gave my daughter a birthday gift. C Will you do me a favour? D She is teaching her children English.10、 Which of the following italicized parts is NOT used as an adverbial? A The train was held by the snowstorm, thus causing five hours delay. B We will not attack, unless attacked. C Barking loudly, the dog was chased out of the room. D He received an email from Joan summoning him to Paris.11、 Tom got the news that his father-in-law had a car accident yesterday. The italicized part in the sentence is_. A an object clause B an appositive clause C an attributive clause D an adverbial clause12、 Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A I looked at the flowers, not knowing what to say. B I looked at the flowers, and I didnt know what to say. C Looking at the flowers, I didnt know what to say. D Looked at the flowers, I didnt know what to say.13、 Which of the following italicized parts is a time adverbial clause? A If you dont fasten your safety belt, your chances of being hurt will be great. B She was so absorbed in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door. C It is doubtful whether a really economic engine could be made. D He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.14、 Which of the following sentence expresses probability? A The door cant have been open. I had locked it myself. B You may use my bicycle this weekend, C You must be here by ten oclock. D He has stayed in France for 3 years, and now he can speak French well.15、 Which of the following is NOT correct? A He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? B Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? C You need have a rest, neednt you? D Some plants never blown, dont they?16、 The first sentence in this paragraph is_; it can be interpreted in many ways. A intricate B ambiguous C duplicated D confused17、 If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may_a gas. A give into B give over C give off D give away18、 In recent years much more emphasis has been put_developing the students productive skills. A onto B in C over D on19、 In no country_Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A other than B more than C better than D rather than20、 That summer I drove west with a friend, and we_a little money doing odd jobs and as much as possible visited his relatives. A picked up B stepped up C put aside D set aside21、 Only ten to twenty percent of cold viruses are transmitted by carriers, who, sneezing and coughing, _the viruses into the air. A spray B sprinkle C spread D sprout22、 Reading_the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours. A rectifies B prolongs C minimizes D furnishes23、 You cant help but hear commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertising_. A so on and so forth B more or less C something or other D sooner or later24、 The_talks between China and the United States were the base of the later agreement. A original B primary C initial D primitive25、 We work to make money,but its a_that people who work hard and long often do not make the most money. A dilemma B conflict C prejudice D paradox26、 If you want to know the train schedule, please_at the booking office. A acquire B inquire C request D require27、 Astronauts are_all kinds of tests before they are actually sent up in a spacecraft. A inclined to B subjected to C prone to D bound to28、 Retirement is obviously a very complex_period; and the earlier you start planning for it, the better. A transition B transaction C transmission D transformation29、His body temperature has been_for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade. A uncommon B disordered C abnormal D extraordinary30、The high school my daughter studies in is_our university. A linked by B relevant to C mingled with D affiliated with语法词汇专项练习（二）答案解析1、 答案：C 解析：情态动词用法题。A、B、D项中的must均表示对事件的一种推测，只有C项表示主张，意为“硬要，一定 要”。故答案为C。2、 答案：C 解析：以下斜体部分哪个作介词用? 解析 考查to的用法。to常用法有两种：一是作不定式用，后接动词原形；二是作介词用，后接名词或名词性短 语。本题正确答案为C。look forward to意为“盼望，期待”，此处to是介词，其后接名词或名词性短语。其它选 项均作不定式用。3、 答案：D 解析：以下斜体部分哪个是