非限制定语从句

定语从句定语从句(限制性和非限制性定语从句限制性和非限制性定语从句)Step I Revision定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词修饰某一修饰某一_或或_的从句的从句由由_或或_充当充当_&_（考点）（考点）1.定义定义名词名词代词代词名词名词代词代词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词 2.如何选择关系词？如何选择关系词？（1）_（2）_（3）_一看先行词（人一看先行词（人/物）物）二看从句所缺成分（主二看从句所缺成分（主/宾宾/表表/状）状）三定关系词（关系代词三定关系词（关系代词/关系副词）关系副词）This is the house which we This is the house which we bought last year.bought last year.这是我们去年买的那幢房子。（限制性）这是我们去年买的那幢房子。（限制性）This letter is from his parents,This letter is from his parents,who are working in Tibet.who are working in Tibet.这封信是他父母写来的，他们在西藏工这封信是他父母写来的，他们在西藏工作。（非限制性）作。（非限制性）1 1）I was the only person in my office I was the only person in my office who was invited.who was invited.我是我们办公室惟一被邀请的人。我是我们办公室惟一被邀请的人。2 2）Football,which is a very interesting Football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.game,is played all over the world.足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都踢足球。足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都踢足球。1.The man has a son who is a doctor.1.The man has a son who is a doctor.（其中一个当医生的儿子）（其中一个当医生的儿子）2.The man has a son,who is a doctor.2.The man has a son,who is a doctor.（只有一个儿子，这个儿子是个医生）（只有一个儿子，这个儿子是个医生）How many sons does the man have?How many sons does the man have?【跟踪演练跟踪演练】限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上形式上不用逗号不用逗号“，”与主句与主句隔开。隔开。用逗号用逗号“，”与主句隔与主句隔开。开。意义上意义上是先行词不可缺少的定是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完去意义或意思表达不完整。整。只是对先行词的补充说只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思表达完整的意思译法上译法上译成先行词的定语：译成先行词的定语：“的的”通常译成主句的并列句通常译成主句的并列句关系词关系词的使用的使用上上 A A作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略B B可用可用thatthatC C可用可用who who 代替代替whom whom A A不可省略不可省略B B不用不用thatthatC C不可用不可用who who 代替代替whomwhomD.which/as D.which/as 可以指代可以指代整整个句子个句子 （1）Which makes her parents a little worried,she is poor in English.2、Attention注：注：which 引导非限制性定语从句不引导非限制性定语从句不能位于句首。能位于句首。She is poor in English，which makes her parents a little worried.（2）The novel,that I read last night,is very interesting.The novel,which I read last night,is very interesting.注：注：that不能引导非限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句，做宾语时不能省略。做宾语时不能省略。（3）The reason,why he looks unhappy today,is unknown to us.The reason,for which he looks unhappy today,is unknown to us.注：注：why不能引导非限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句，做宾语时不能省略。做宾语时不能省略。（4）They have four children,the daughter of who is working in that big company now.They have four children,the daughter of whom is working in that big company now.注：注：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导非限制性引导非限制性定语从句，指人时用定语从句，指人时用whom,指物时用指物时用which.（5）He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upset me.He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.注：注：whichwhich既可以指代前面的先行词，既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义。指代前也可以指代前面整句的含义。指代前面整句的含义时，定语从句面整句的含义时，定语从句谓语动词谓语动词要用要用第三人称单数第三人称单数，Which指代指代“他他似乎没领会我的意思似乎没领会我的意思”这个句子。这个句子。_ is known to all,Diaoyu Island belongs to China.Beijing,_is the capital of China,has a very long history.As（2）不同点）不同点which3、which or as?asas在引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主在引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，有句，有“正如，就像正如，就像”之意。之意。我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。1.As we know,smoking is harmful to our health.2.Smoking,as we know,is harmful to our health.3.Smoking is harmful to our health,as is known to us all.aswhich位置位置意义意义可位于主句可位于主句_，_，_ _位于主句位于主句_之前之前之中之中之后之后不能不能之前之前这，那这，那正如正如总结总结As 常见表达常见表达 As we all know,As is known to all,As is often the case,As is reported,As is said,As is expected,众所周知，众所周知，这是常有的事这是常有的事,正如所报道的那样正如所报道的那样,正如所说的那样正如所说的那样,正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样,_定语从句和各种句型的定语从句和各种句型的比较比较1.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.3.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.4.He has two sons,and both of _ are teachers.ThiswhichwhomthemStep 能力能力提升提升5.It was September _we first met in Wenchang.6.It was in September _we first met in Wenchang.whenthat（简单句）（简单句）（并列句）（并列句）（强调句）（强调句）7._ we all know,China is rich in natural resources.8._ is well-known is that China is rich in natural resources.AsWhat（主语从句）（主语从句）_（表语从句）（表语从句）1.Fill in the blanks.（语法填空语法填空）(1).Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.(2).The reason,_ he looks unhappy today,is unknown to us.(3).Hangzhou is a famous city in China,_many people come to buy tea.whichfor whichwhereStep Exercises2.Correct the sentences（改错改错）(1).Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.(2).The man whom I spoke is from Canada.(3).July 1st,1999 is the day when well never forget.(4).I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.that/which_towhen3.华丽大变身（华丽大变身（作文作文）(1)Hemingway was a famous journalist.Hemingway was born in Chicago.Hemingway,who was born in Chicago,was a famous journalist.(2)Wenchang is a beautiful city.It has many places of interest.Wenchang is a beautiful city,which has many places of interest.1.(20121.(2012全国高考全国高考)That evening,_I will)That evening,_I will tell you more about later,I ended up tell you more about later,I ended up working very late.working very late.A.thatA.that B.which C.what D.B.which C.what D.whenwhen【解析解析】选选B B。2.(20122.(2012浙江高考浙江高考)Ellen was a painter)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature,_,for of birds and of nature,_,for some reason,had withdrawn from some reason,had withdrawn from all human society.all human society.A.which B.who C.where D.A.which B.who C.where D.whomwhom【解析解析】选选B。3.(20123.(2012福建高考福建高考)The air quality in the)The air quality in the city,_iscity,_is shown in the report,has shown in the report,has improved over the past two months.improved over the past two months.A.thatA.that B.it B.it C.as D.what C.as D.what【解析解析】选选C C。4.（2011北京高考）北京高考）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,_,of course,made all the others upset.A.who B.which C.what D.that5.（2011陕西高考）陕西高考）I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend,_we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A.which B.where C.who D.that6.（2011江苏高考）江苏高考）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval,_ the audience can buy ice-cream.A.when B.whereC.that D.which7.(2011新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)The prize will go to the writer _story shows the most imagination.A.that B.which C.whose D.what1.Be sure to call on us next time when you come to town.2.This is one of the reasons why you may like to eat it.3.Soon they arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.4.He lives in another town,which is only about an hours ride from here.