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专项37 疑问句高考频度： 高考对疑问句的考察重要是对反义疑问句的考察。反义疑问句也叫附加疑问句，指的是在陈述句背面附加一种简短的一般疑问句，用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表达证明。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，但是肯定和否认形式却彼此相反，即陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问句部分用否认式；陈述部分为否认式时，附加部分用肯定式。反义疑问句重要分如下多种状况：反意疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一种附加在前一部分上的简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时，附加问句部分用否认形式，反之亦然。附加问句部分的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定，并且主语必须是代词。1. 陈述部分的主语是名词时，附加问句的主语用相应的人称代词。Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didnt they?2. 陈述部分主语是表达人的不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语侧重所有用they，侧重个体用he。No one was there that day, was he/were they?3. 陈述部分主语是表达物的不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语用it。Everything that he says is true, isnt it?4. 陈述部分的主语是one时，反意疑问句的主语在正式的场合用one，在非正式场合用you。One should be honest, shouldnt one/you?5. 陈述部分主语是批示代词时，反意疑问句的主语要用it或they。This is your car, isnt it?Those are grapes, arent they?6. 陈述部分是there be构造时，反意疑问句仍用there。There was a hospital here, wasnt there?7. 陈述部分有表达推测的情态动词must时，反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。They must be sleeping then, werent they?must后接完毕式，若表达对过去状况的推测，附加问句中动词用didnt；若表达对已完毕状况的推测，用havent或hasnt。8. 陈述部分具有否认词时，反意疑问句用肯定式。He is never late for school, is he?They seldom clean the room, do they?常用的否认词有no，never，nothing，nowhere，rarely，hardly，seldom，few，little等；若陈述部分有带否认意义词缀的派生词，如dislike，useless，unfair等，背面的附加问句仍用否认式。9. 陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问句用will you或wont you。Look at the blackboard, will/wont you?Dont make any noise, will you？以Lets开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you；陈述部分与否认的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you或can you都可以。10. 陈述部分是并列句时，反意疑问句与邻近的分句一致。She works hard and she is the best one in her factory, isnt she?11. 陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问句与主句一致。When the teacher speaks in class, we have to keep quiet, dont we?12. 陈述部分与否认转移句式时，反意疑问句与从句一致，且用肯定形式。I dont think he will come, will he?在回答反意疑问句时，不管其陈述句部分是肯定的还与否认的，如果事实是肯定的，回答用yes肯定的简略句；如果事实与否认的，回答用no否认的简略句，形式要一致。陈述部分与否认形式时，答语中的yes译成不，no译成是。They havent been told the truth, have they?Yes, they have. / No, they havent.1.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, _she?A. had B. did C. hadnt D. didnt2.You and I could hardly work together, _?A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we3.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _ ?A. could he B. didnt I C. didnt you D. could they4.It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _?A. doesnt itB. does itC. dont theyD. do they5. Its the first time that he has been to Australia, _?A. isnt heB. hasnt heC. isnt itD. hasnt it6. Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus, _?A. hadnt youB. wouldnt youC. arent ID. didnt she7. The students who are sitting at the back of the classroom, please keep quiet, _?A. do youB. dont theyC. arent youD. will you8. Mrs Willson doesnt believe that Tom is able to pass the exam, _?Thats where I disagree.A. does sheB. doesnt sheC.is sheD. isnt she9.I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _ you?A. mustnt B. haventC. didnt D. hadnt10. Lets work out a plan that we all can agree on, _?A. shall weB. dont weC. will youD. cant we11. The government must have taken measures to lower the house prices next year, _ it?Yes. I guess so.A. didntB. hasntC. mustntD. wont12.When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _?A.do youB.dont youC.will youD.wont you和你同样快，不是吗？4.B 【解析】反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否认，故附加部分为肯定，句意：她们与否来参与你的派对，没有关系，是吗？5. C 【解析】考察反意疑问句。在Its the first time that.句型中，反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与主句的主语和谓语分别保持一致。故C项对的。6. B 【解析】考察反意疑问句。在既有主句又有从句的时候，如果主句部分是I think，I suppose，Im sure，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致。故在该题中，反意疑问句要和从句youd rather she went to school by bus一致，根据前否后肯的原则，该反意疑问句应为wouldnt you。故B选项对的。7. D 【解析】考察反意疑问句。若陈述部分为祈使句，反意疑问句一般用will you, wont you, would you等。句意：那些坐在教室背面的同窗，请保持安静，可以吗？故选D。8. A 【解析】考察反意疑问句。句意：Willson觉得Tom不会通过考试，是吗？我不批准。由前面的Mrs Willson doesnt可知背面用does she，故A项对的。9.C 在“must have done”这个表达对过去的推测的句型中，反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式，由于must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表达过去的时间状语，反义疑问句必须用过去时的否认式，若没有明确地表达过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完毕时。该题中上句有last summer，故选C。故B选项切题。12.C 【解析】考察反意疑问句。句意：你读完那本书时，别忘了把它放回到书架上，好吗？除否认转移句型之外的主从复合句，一般都是对主句的主语和谓语动词进行反问，本题的主句dont forget to put it back on the shelf 与否认形式，其反意疑问部分要用肯定构造，再根据主将从现原则，时间状语从句中用目前时态，主句要用将来时，故选C。
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