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北京市朝阳区高三年级第二次综合练习 英语试题本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AMy trip to Paris was so memorable. First of all, the hotel was fantastic. It overlooked the Seine, the famous river I _1_ (read) about in so many poems. We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by _2_ (slow) below. Next, Montmartre was a wonderful place for painters. The air was filled with the sounds of happy people and the smell of paint. _3_ I enjoyed most were the cafes. There I had a cup of coffee and watched people on the street. Everyone had a sense of style.【答案】1. had read2. slowly 3. What【解析】本文属于记叙文，描述作者游览巴黎的经历。【1题详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这个宾馆俯瞰塞纳河，这条河流我在很多诗里读到过。分析句子可知，I _1_ (read) about in so many poems 作定语从句修饰river，从句缺乏谓语，read动作发生在overlook之前，因此发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时had read。【2题详解】考查副词。修饰动词run by用副词slowly。【3题详解】考查主语从句。I enjoyed most为主语从句，从句缺乏enjoy的宾语，故用引导词What。BFootball is a popular sport with fans all over the world. There is, however, an indoor version of the game _4_ (know) as “table football”. It was invented in 1921 and people _5_ (get) great pleasure from it since then. The game is played on a special table. Players control their “team” by turning sticks, to which the “players” are attached. As in real football, _6_ (point) will be awarded when putting the ball in the other players goal. Table football requires using hands and eyes together excellently, which is really exciting.【答案】4. known5. have got6. points【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍桌上足球的历史和玩法。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，know作后置定语修饰game，与其属于动宾关系，故用过去分词known。be known as 作为而出名【5题详解】考查现在完成时。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，句子有since then修饰，故用现在完成时have got。【6题详解】考查名词。句意：跟真实的足球一样，当把球放进对方的球门的时候就会得分。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，point为可数名词，由于无冠词，故用复数形式points。CShark attacks can be deadly, but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people _7_ (injure). You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea _8_ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are dangerous to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed _9_ food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely. _10_ (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive.【答案】7. are injured8. where 9. for10. To protect【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍鲨鱼一般不伤人，与鲨鱼对人类的伤害相比，人类对鲨鱼的伤害更大。【7题详解】考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，injure与主语people为动宾关系，陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态are injured。【8题详解】考查定语从句。tourists throw in food to bring in sharks为定语从句修饰先行词sea，从句缺乏地点状语，故用关系副词where。【9题详解】考查介词句意：每年约有6000万只鲨鱼被杀用作食物和医药。分析句子可知，for表示用途，故用for。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，these wonderful animals,作目的状语，为了保护这些动物，故用不定式To protect。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The sandwich manMichael rises every morning at 4:00, in good and bad weather, and walks into his sandwich shop. By 5:50, hes making the rounds of the shelters on Centre Streets. He _11_ out 200 sandwiches to the homeless, before beginning his workday.It started 20 years ago when Michael came across a homeless man named John. He began to help him _12_ effort then. Day after day, he brought John some food and, when it was really _13_, a resting place in his car while he worked. Once he asked John if he wanted to get cleaned up. It was a(n) _14_ offer, because Michael thought John would refuse. _15_, John said, “Are you going to wash me?” Michael knew that he was looking at a _16_ of his promise. It was at the moment that Michael _17_ to help the homeless.Michael began his work. He received no sponsorship, saying, “Im not getting media _18_. I just want to do some good in my way. There are days when its snowing, and I have a hard time leaving my warm bed and the _19_ of my family to go downtown with sandwiches. But Ive _20_.”Michael makes 200 sandwiches every day for the past 20 years. “I dont simply _21_ the sandwiches on a table for the homeless to pick up. I shake their hands and _22_ them a good day” says Michael. Once Mayor (市长) Koch came to make the rounds with him. They _23_ the media, and it seemed like it was just the two of them. But of all Michaels _24_, working side by side with the Mayor was not as important as working next to someone elseA man had _25_ from the sandwich takers, and Michael thought about him from time to time. He hoped the man had moved on to a more _26_ environment. One day, the man came back, greeting Michael and _27_ sandwiches of his own to hand out. He said Michaels daily food, warm handshakes and wishes had given him the _28_ he badly needed. After achieving some success, he decided to do the same thing as Michael.The moment needed no _29_. The two men worked silently, side by side, handing out their sandwiches. It was another day on Centre Streets, but a day with just a little more _30_.11. A. picksB. setsC. givesD. finds12. A. withB. aroundC. fromD. over13. A. sunnyB. warmC. cloudyD. cold14. A. sillyB. emptyC. crazyD. free15. A. FortunatelyB. DisappointedlyC. SurprisinglyD. Thankfully16. A. testB. giftC. trickD. view17. A. demandedB. agreedC. pretendedD. determined18. A. benefitB. attentionC. sympathyD. information19. A. comfortB. wealthC. valueD. honor20. A. sufferedB. hesitatedC. managedD. wondered21. A. checkB. layC. matchD. cover22. A. witnessB. predictC. followD. wish23. A. ignoredB. blamedC. confirmedD. handled24. A. situationsB. memoriesC. schedulesD. professions25. A. escapedB. volunteeredC. disappearedD. survived26. A. competitiveB. complexC. familiarD. stable27. A. carryingB. seekingC. occupyingD. treating28. A. responsibilityB. permissionC. encouragementD. achievement29. A. purposeB. dialogueC. reliefD. doubt30. A. luckB. funC. prideD. hope【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D【解析】本文属于记叙文，讲述Michael几十年如一日用三明治帮助流浪汉，其帮助的力量在增大，让人更有希望。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上班之前，他向无家可归的人分发了200份三明治。A. picks拾起；B. sets设置；C. gives给；D. finds找。本句为短语give out分发，根据前文hes making the rounds of the shelters on Centre Streets可知，在流浪汉集中的地方走了几圈，故可知，他在做慈善，故选C。【12题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：那时他就开始努力帮助他。A. with用；B. around在周围；C. from从；D. over在上面。根据文章可知，努力帮助流浪汉，故用with effort努力的，故选A。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，他给约翰食物，天冷的时候，让他在车里休息。A. sunny阳光明媚的；B. warm温暖的；C. cloudy多云的；D. cold寒冷的。根据本句的a resting place in his car可知，在车里休息避寒，故选D。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个无诚意的提议，因为他认为约翰会拒绝。A. silly愚蠢的；B. empty空洞的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. free免费的。根据because Michael thought John would refuse.可知，知道会拒绝而问，因此显得很空洞，没有诚意，故选B。【15题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：让人惊讶的是，约翰问道，你要给我洗澡吗？A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Disappointedly失望地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据文章可知，约翰回答超出作者的预想，故选C。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Michael 知道这是对他诺言的一种考验。A. test测试；B. gift礼物；C. trick把戏；D. view观点。根据后文可知，从那时起，决定帮助流浪汉，兑现自己的诺言，故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就是从那时起，Michael 决心帮助流浪汉。A. demanded要求；B. agreed同意；C. pretended假装；D. determined下定决心做。根据后文可知，Michael一直在帮助流浪汉，故选D。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想得到媒体的关注。A. benefit利益；B. attention注意；C. sympathy同情；D. information信息。根据后文I just want to do some good in my way.可知，Michael按照自己的方式帮助流浪汉，不想得到媒体关注，故选B。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：下雪的时候，很艰难离开温暖的床和家，带着三明治去市区，但是我做到了。A. comfort舒适；B. wealth财富；C. value价值；D. honor荣耀。根据文章可知，离开舒适的家，故选A。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下雪的时候，很艰难离开温暖的床和家，带着三明治去市区，但是我做到了。A. suffered遭受；B. hesitated犹豫；C. managed做成；D. wondered想知道。根据文章可知，Michael成功帮助了流浪汉，故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会把三明治放在桌上让流浪汉去取。A. check检查；B. lay放置；C. match匹配；D. cover覆盖。根据后文I shake their hands可知，Michael会把三明治亲自送到流浪汉手中，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和他们握手，祝他们有快乐的一天。A. witness目睹；B. predict预测；C. follow跟随；D. wish祝愿。根据文章可知，祝他们天天开心，故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们忽略了媒体，就好像只有他们两人一样。A. ignored忽视；B. blamed责备；C. confirmed确认；D. handled处理。根据后文it seemed like it was just the two of them可知，没有考虑媒体，故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在他的记忆中，与市长一起帮助流浪汉与别人没有什么不同。A. situations情形；B. memories记忆；C. schedules日程；D. professions专业。根据文章可知，之前市长曾与Michael一起帮助流浪汉，故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个男的从领取三明治的队伍中消失了，让Michael时不时都在想他。A. escaped逃避；B. volunteered志愿；C. disappeared消失；D. survived幸存。根据后文One day, the man came back可知，之后，这个男的回来了，可知消失了一段时间，故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望这个男的能够搬到一个稳定的环境中去。A. competitive有竞争的；B. complex复杂的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. stable稳定的。根据前文可知，这个男的是流浪汉，因此希望能够生活稳定一点，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，这个男的回来了，跟Michael打招呼，带了自己做的三明治分发给别人。A. carrying携带；B. seeking寻找；C. occupying占领；D. treating招待。根据文章可知，这个男的自己做了三明治，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说Michael 每天的三明治，温暖的握手以及祝福都给了他急需的鼓励。A. responsibility责任；B. permission允许；C. encouragement鼓励；D. achievement成就。根据文章可知，Michael做的事情鼓励了这个男的，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此时此刻无需对话。A. purpose目的；B. dialogue对话；C. relief缓解；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文The two men worked silently可知，无需言语，默默帮助流浪汉，故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是Centre Streets 街上的又一天，但是是更有希望的一天。A. luck运气；B. fun乐趣；C. pride 自豪；D. hope希望。根据前文可知，这个男的与Maichael一道帮助别人，力量增大了，更有希望，故选D。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A31. What is the advantage of Fineways new food labels?A. They provide extra nutritional information.B. They warn customers about unhealthy foods.C. They show different customers nutritional needs.D. They remind customers of the harm of unbalanced nutrition.32. According to the passage, the new labelling system can help to _.A. reduce the amount of food you takeB. follow GDAs by mixing various foodsC. make your choice of more delicious foodD. satisfy the growing demands for nutrition33. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A dinner menu.B. A research report.C. A fashion magazine.D. An advice brochure.【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D【解析】本文属于应用文，介绍Fineway公司推出的新的食物标签，方便顾客了解食物的含量以及热量，以及每日摄入量的百分比。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段可知，该标签方式可以让顾客看到食物中糖、脂肪以及盐的含量，以及热量，还有每日摄入量的百分比，故可知，该标签提供了额外的信息，故选A。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Knowingtheinformationabouteachproduct youbuy meansthatyou canmix healthyfoods withlesshealthytreats,whilestillkeeping withintherecommendeddailyamounts.可知，知道每个产品的信息，就可以把健康食物搭配不那么健康的食物，同时保持不超过规定摄入的含量和热量，故可知，该标签可以满足人们新的需求，故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍Fineway公司推出的新的食物标签，方便顾客了解食物的含量以及热量，以及每日摄入量的百分比，故可知是对新的标签进行广告宣传，故选D。BOpen water swimmingI had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasnt prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginnerswhich is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area a childrens paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyones thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.Wed been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didnt work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didnt want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting therestill one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didnt matterthe atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. Im hooked, and want to give it another go. Ive already signed up for my next open-water swim.34. How did the author feel before the race?A. Scared of the most challenging race.B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions.C. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.D. Determined to be as tough as the people around her.35. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2?A. To stress the importance of the race.B. To praise the experienced swimmers.C. To show the wide range of the participants.D. To introduce the various events of the race.36. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that _.A. the race would cause breathing problemsB. the race became harder than she had expectedC. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swimsD. it would have been easier if she had taken others advice37. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?A. Her confidence in her own ability.B. Her pride in having swum so quickly.C. Her eagerness to repeat the experience.D. Her surprise at having managed to finish.【答案】34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C【解析】本文属于记叙文，描述作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。【34题详解】推理判断题根据第一段But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.可知，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginnerswhich is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.可知，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didnt work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful.可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Im hooked, and want to give it another go. Ive already signed up for my next open-water swim.可知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。CThe Alexander techniqueUntil earlier this year, I didnt know anything about the Alexander techniqueand saw no reason to think I should. One day, the backache I regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope theyll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, “You actually have bad posture (姿势). Go off and learn the Alexander technique.” Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better.The Alexander technique is a way of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. The teaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart the Alexander technique from yoga or pilates, which are exercise-based. A typical lesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to sit and stand with minimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent to straighten the spine (脊椎) and relax your body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly.The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines.So who was Alexander and how did he come up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teacher-training school, which is still successful today.So if youre walking along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.38. What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1?A. She felt no better after the treatment.B. She got bored with the Alexander technique.C. She was sceptical about the doctors method.D. She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.39. What is the principle of the Alexander technique?A. Physical tension shouldnt be completely relieved.B. The technique shouldnt be combined with other exercises.C. The practice of the technique shouldnt be attempted alone.D. Familiar physical actions shouldnt be done with much effort.40. What can we learn about Frederick Alexander?A. He managed to recover his vocal powers.B. He was eager to make a name for himself.C. He developed a form of exercise for actors.D. He had to leave home to develop his technique.41. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The occurrence of back pain is widespread.B. Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C. The Alexander technique helps overcome posture problems.D. People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.【答案】38. D 39. D 40. A 41. C【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope theyll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor.可知，作者从小就被灌输这样的思维，处理疼痛的更好办法就是不做任何事情，希望疼痛自行消失，但是却最终不得不去看医生，故可知，作者看医生都是迫不得已，故选D。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort.可知，亚历山大技巧让你更合理使用身体，用最小的努力来做那些习惯性的动作，故可知，该技巧的原则就是用最小的力来做习惯性的动作，故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results.可知，弗雷德里克亚历山大，一个出身于186年的澳大利亚演员，在年轻的时候声音出了问题。他做了分析，意识到自己的姿势不正确，因此致力于改善姿势，结果很好，故可知，他通过矫正姿势，解决了自己的声音问题，故选A。【41题详解】主旨大意题。本文介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者，故可知在介绍亚历山大技巧的作用，故选C。【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。1) 主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。2) 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。3.) 无明显主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。比如小题4，本文介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者，故可知在介绍亚历山大技巧的作用，故选C。DDont put it off, do it now!Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until its too late to do anything else.“We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, wed just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people cant see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the he
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