新仁爱英语八年级下册重点单词短语及其语法

优质文档仁爱英语八年级下册重点单词短语及其语法Unit 5 Topic11.You look excitedangrydisappointedupsetfrightened. 你看起来兴奋/生气/悲观/烦躁/惊慌。2.感官系动词：look 看起来 smell闻起来taste尝起来sound 听起来 feel 摸/感觉起来3. 系表构造：系动词+形容词 go mad get wet get angry turn green fall asleepfeel a little more(confident comfortable) be lost=get lost4.go to the movies=go to the cinema=watchsee a film 看电影5.one of + 形容词最高级+可数的复数形式 Its one of my favorite movies.6.preparefor 为做准备 7. say thanks to sb. 向某人致谢8.be popular with 受欢送 9. be kind cruel to sb. 对某人友好残忍10.a ticket to 的入场券 11. set the table 摆放餐具12. seem +adj.n.to do sth. Its seems that 好像13. We are moved by the moving story. 前者修饰人，后者修饰物14. be proud of为而骄傲 15. be pleased with为而开心 16. be worried about为而担忧17.be excited about at sth.对感到兴奋 18. be sorry for为而愧疚 19. be interested in sth. 对感爱好 20. be grateful to sb.对感谢 21. be afraid of (doing) sth 胆怯做某事22. be strict with sb. be strict aboutin sth. 对严格要求 23. be angry withat sb. be angry atabout sth.对生气 24. be nervous about对感到惊慌 25. be tired of sth.=be bored with sth.对感到厌倦 26. be surprised at sth. be surprised to do sth. 对感到惊异 27.cannot=benotable to (不)能 willnotbe able to其将来时28.have a temperature fever发烧 29. ring sb. up=call sb. 给某人打电话30.care for=take care of=look after 照看 31.on the way to 在去的路上32.feel lonely live alone 前者形容词修饰系动词，后者副词修饰动词33.because of +n.代词|名词短语 because+句子34.on+详细描述的时间段 35. fall into 掉入 fall down 倒塌36.in the end=at last=finally 最终 e into being 形成、成立于38.be full of=be filled with 充溢了，被填满了39. make peace with 和某人和解Unit 5 Topic 21.do well badly in 在做得好不好 2.have a talk with sb. 和某人交谈3.at ones age 在某个年纪 4.make friends with sb. 和某人交挚友5.tell jokes 讲笑话 6.fail the exam= not pass the exam考试不及格7.some suggestions=some pieces of advice一些建议(前者可数，后者不行数8.happen to sb.sth. 事情发生在身上 happen to do sth. 碰巧9.take part in activities 10.with the help of sb. 11.all the time 始终 12.take a walk=go for a walk 漫步Unit 5 Topic 31.calm down冷静 2.at the end of the months在月末 3.smile at life笑对人生4. learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学 learn sth. from sb.向某人学习5. get together with sb. 和某人团聚 get alongwellwith sb. 和某人相处融洽 6. put on a play 上演剧目7in a badgood mood处于不好好的心情 8.in goodbad health处于好不好的安康 9. in goodbadhighlow spirits处于不好好高低的心情10.make+宾语+doadj.n. make her laughexcitedmonitor 11. let sb. do sth.让做12. get bake to sth. 回到某事上13.a sense of 的感觉 Unit 6 Topic 11.go on a three-day visit进展3天的参观 a one-meter tall boy一个1米高的男孩 an eight-year-old girl一个8岁的女孩 2. find out 查明3. make a decision=decide to do sth. 做确定 4. hard soft sleeper 硬软卧5. at the price of 60 yuan60元的价格 6.in badgood condition 条件糟糕|好7. arrive at+小地方/in+大地方 = reach = get to 到达 8. total cost总花费9. book a room=make a room reservation 预定一个房间 10. tellask sb. (not) to do sth.11.a room without a bathroom or air conditioning 12.a standard room for one person13.work out the cost of the trip计算 work out the problem 解决 14. come up with an idea提出15.each2riverstreet every3 either(两者之一) both=2 all3(确定 ) none3否认 16.have a good rest好好休息 17.in the open air在户外18. an exciting experience经验、可数 have no experience经验、不行数19. places of interest 名胜古迹 20. look forward to (doing)sth. 期望做某事 Unit 6 Topic 21. be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 2. on vacation 在3.help sb. (to) do sth.帮做 4.make a plan制定准备 plan to do sth. 准备做某事 5. come along with sb.跟随某人 6.at the foot top of 在的脚下顶上 7.spread over an area of 40 km2 覆盖40多平方米8. at the beginning of 在的起先 9. by the way顺便问一下 10.take out 拿出来 11.on both sides of在的两边 on eacheither side of在的每一边两者 12.tell good from bad 区分好坏13.in在里 on在相接 to在相邻14.pullpush拉推 15.step on踩 16.in all directions 四面八方 17.take photos拍照片18. push ones way out挤开、推动道路 19.out of sight看不见 20.get onoff上下车 21.cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 cant help to do sth 不能帮助做某事22.shout at sb. to do sth对大叫 23.have fun doing sth.开心地做某事 24. make ones dream=come true 实现 25.everywhere= here and there到处 26. make sure确保27.two and a half hours = two hours and a half 两个半小时Unit 6 Topic 31.a traffic accident 交通事故 2. be badly hurt= hurtbadly伤得很重3.be crazy about sth. 热衷于 be crazy about sb. 痴迷、爱上. 4.cause air pollution造成空气污染5.get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 used to do sth. 过去时时做某事6.in public 在公共场合 7.die动 dead形 death名死8.slow down 减速 speed up 加速 9.the opposite direction相反的方向 10.avoid doing sth. 幸免做某事 11.run into 撞 12.rush to冲向 13.careful-careless 细心-马虎 carefully-carelessly14.get a fine 罚款 15.in danger处于危急中 out of danger 脱离危急16. instead of doing sth 而不是 17.use sth for (doing)sth= use sth to do sth 用做 18.in trouble处于麻烦中 Im sorry to trouble you. 不好意思打搅你了。19.leadto led过去式 20.ride into跻身于 21.in ones life 在某人一生中 22.go on doing sth go on with sth. 接着23. fromto=fromtill 从到24. once again再一次 25 .beak the record打破记录 set a new record设立一个新纪录 26.deal with the problems 处理这些问题27.warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告、提示某人不做某事 Unit 7 Topic 11.know about了解，知道状况 2.hear of 听说过 3.be born诞生于4.haveholda food festival 5.raise money 筹钱 6.on the Internet在网上7.cheer sb. up使振作开心起来 8.western culture西方文化9. keepget in touch with和某人保持取得联系10.fried ricenoodles炒饭炒面11. get sth. about sb. 获得关于某人的信息 12. would like to do=d like to do=want to do想做某事13.turn to =ask sb. for help 向某人求助 14.think about 思索，考虑 think over 考虑 think of认为15.imagine (sb.) doing sth. Sb. imagine (that) +句子17.have(has) a sweet tooth=enjoy eating sweet food 喜爱吃甜食18.whats worse 更糟糕的是 whats more 更有甚者 however 然而19.形、副+enough Eg: goodwell enough enough+名词 Eg: enough timefood20.India- Indian Italy- Italian Greece-Greek America- American Russia- Russian Japan-Japanese Britain-British Canada-Canadian Asia-Asian Europe-European Africa-African Australia-Australian China-Chinese (前者国名，后者.国的21.decide (not) to do sth. decide on sth.确定 22. overon the phone=by phone通过电话23. send out 发送 send for sb. 请某人来 send off 送行 send sth. to sb. 发送某物给某人24. food festival美食节 25. invite to =invite sb.sb to do sth邀请26. work at sth.致力于、努力做27. in order (not) to do sth. in order that=so that+句子 为了 28. enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事29. win动won过去式winner名win a match 赢得竞赛 beat sba team 战胜某人一个队30. supply sth. to sb. 供应某物给某人 supply sb. with sth. 供应某人某物 31. success名successful形successfully副succeed动 succeed in doing sth.胜利做某事 Unit 7Topic 21. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth.试试做某事2. cook煮或厨师cooker厨具3. boiled water 开水完成、被动 boiling water正在沸腾的水进展、主动4.cut sth.up 将某物切碎 cutinto pieces 切片5.at once=immediately=right now 马上6. add to 添加在上 addto将加在 add up 加起来 add up to总计为7. first second next then after that finally 首先、其次、再次、然后、之后、最终8. mind (ones) doing 介意某人做某事9.well-better-best副 good-better-best形hard-harder-hardest(形副)10. Help yourself to sth.,单人 Help yourselves to sth.,多人11. for the first time 第一次 12. table manners 餐桌礼仪 a friendly manner 友好的看法13. had better (not) do sth.=d better (not)do sth. 最好不做14. at the table 就餐at table 在桌旁15.beginstart with 以起先 end with 以完毕 16.eat sth.up 吃完ate过去式 17. drink to sb.sth. 为祝酒 Lets drink to her health. 18. point at sb. with sth. 用某物指着某人19. remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事20. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 21.around all overacrossthroughout the world 全世界22. different eating habits 不同的饮食习惯 23. be far away from 远离 23. be different from 反义词 the same as 不同于 24. pick up 捡起、接某人25.main course 主菜 two courses 两道菜两个课程26. in the southern part of China in the south of China在中国南部 27. easternsouthernwesternnortherncentral 东南西北中形 Unit 7Topic 31.on sale减价出售 for sale待售 2. kind-hearted 好心的 hard-working努力工作学习3.in fact 事实上 in short = in a word简言之4.wish sb. succeed祝某人胜利. wishsb.to do sth.盼望某人做5.order a meal 订餐 order sb. to do sth. 吩咐某人做某事6.e-mail sth. to sb.动 send an e-mail to sb.名发e-mail给 by e-mail 名7.have a balanced diet 有个均衡的饮食 8. be worth doingsth. 值得做某事9. Its said that据说 10.not onlybut also不但而且 There be句型 eitheror 或者或 者 就近相同原那么bothand除外 Unit 8 Topic 11. so that+句子 如此.以至于 so + adj. + a(n) + n.+ that= such +a(n) + adj. + n. + that 2. so that+句子=in order to+V 为了3. tooto do sth=notenough to do sth太.而不能 3.nearly=almost几乎hardly几乎不4.be made offromin (of为看得见的材料，from为看不见的，in为物品制造地)5.花费：人+payfor 人+spend +时间钱on sth.in (doing) sth. 物+cost+钱 It +takes sb+时间to do sth6. on birthdays on special days at Christmas at noon in winter in the daytime in the old days 7. dress 连衣裙着装 8.catch ones eye惹人注目9.as well as 除之外还有 except除了.外不再有10. as well=too 也，置句末，否认用either 11. protect sb. sth. from sth. 爱护不受的损害 12. more than 不仅仅，比更多 13. do exercise不行数do eye exercises可数14.as the saying goes 俗话说 Unit 8 Topic 21.make sth. for sb.= make sb. sth.给某人做某物 2. look adj. on sb. 穿在某人身上看起来3. allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事 4. at work在工作时 5. make a survey about sth. 做关于的调查 6. carry out special tasks 执行特别任务7. keepstop sb. from doing sth. 阻挡某人做某事 stop to do sth. 停下去做某事stop doing sth.停下手中的事8. put ontake off 穿上脱下 9. on every occasion 在每个场合 10. in our lives在我们生活中 in the daily life 在日常生活中11.Its + adj.+that= Its + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事怎么样 12. try on 试穿 13. according to 依据 14. advise sb. to do sth.=give sb. some advice on sth.建议某人做15. somesomeand others 一些一些另一些 16. hide-hid躲藏17. be suitable for sb.sth. 适用于 be suitable to do sth. 相宜、得体做18. dress correctly穿衣得体 19. at the airport在机场 20. falling ceilings天花板Unit 8 Topic 31.There is going to be =There will be某地将有 2.model the clothes展示服装3. in the middlecenter of 在中间 4. a traditional dress 一条传统的裙子5. in the world of 在的领域 6. stand for 代表7. another 3 models= 3 moreother models 8. as for sb.sth. 至于某人|某物9. get ones name 得名于 10. designas 把设计成11. either of 两者中的任何一个，谓语为单数 12. in the 1920s 20世纪20年头13.become known toas=be famous tofor 被某人所熟知|作为被人所熟知14. choice(名) choose动chose过去式选择15.widely known=well-known 被所熟知 16. at one time 曾经 in the past在过去17. out of style过时 in style 时髦 18.outside a clothing store= out of a clothing store在服装店外二、重点语法学问复习一动词不定式1、动词不定式的根本形式：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否认形式是not+(to+)动词原形。2、动词不定式的句法功能：1) 作主语动词不定式作主语时，时时用it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语动词不定式放在后面。其构造为：It +be+adj.+(+forof sb.)+动词不定式。例句：背过To learn English well is useful.= It is useful to learn English well.It is important for us 爱护环境。It is not easy for us 学好英语。留意：在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of.It is clever of you to do like that.It is very kind of you to help me.2) 做表语My work is to clean the room everyday.My job is to take care of the little babies.3) 作宾语I like to play basketball.留意：一些谓语动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示准备或者盼望，例如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, except等。I would like to see a film this evening.I hope to become a teacher in the future.在find, think等词语后，常用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语动词不定式放到句末。I find to learn English well is easy. =I find it easy to learn English well.I find 学好英语很难。I dont think 独立完成作业很困难。4) 作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时和宾语有逻辑上的主动关系。tell, ask, allow, get, encourage等动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。Lucy asked me to turn down the radio.My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.5) 作定语不定式作定语应放在被修饰词后面。There is nothing to worry about.He was the best man to do the job.6) 作状语动词不定式作状语，最常考的是作目的状语。Im sorry to trouble you.表缘由I went to the library to study English.表目的To find a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.表目的留意：动词不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how 连用，相当于一个宾语从句。The teacher is telling the students what to do.He didnt know where to go.二状语从句1、 时间状语从句:常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。It was raining hardrain hard 下大雨 when got to school yesterday.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.留意：在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用此时此刻时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.2、 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用此时此刻时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late. =If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3.缘由状语从句缘由状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not 不得；不应当go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.3、 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that为了，以便引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区分这两种从句的方法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)4、 结果状语从句结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.留意：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，和形容词连用。其构造是: “.so + 形容词副词+ that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever几乎不，从来不 see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不行数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。假如是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.天花板留意：假如名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.5、 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应当说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.三宾语从句:是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。依据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.留意：if 和Whether的区分1） 由 连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般状况下，whether和if 可以替换。 例： I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. 2、下面几种状况只能用whether和不定式连(whether to do sth.)用作宾语时不用if引导. 例：Whether to go there hasnt been decided. They asked me whether to go shopping.宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例：I dont know whether the star will come or not.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 例：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.1、Could you tell me_. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here2、The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema宾语从句的时态1. 假如主句的时态是一般此时此刻时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。简洁记为“主现从原来原来的时态”如： I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 假如主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态一般过去时， 过去进展时， 过去将来时，过去完成时，简洁记为“主过从过去”。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 假如宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般此时此刻时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.1、I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how2、I wonder _ . A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost宾语从句习题： ( ) 1.I dont know_he will come tomorrow . A. if B. whether C. what D. both A and B( )2.I dont know_ it is going to rain or not tomorrow . A. if B. whether C. both A and B( )3.I think_ someone forgot to sweep the floor . A. thatB. /C. whereD. both A and B( )4.He asked me _ she put the books . A. what B. where C. who D.that( )5.A: Could you tell me_? B: Yes , Ill show you . A. what should I do with the computer B. how can I use the computer C. how to use the computer D. what I how to use the computer( )6. Could you tell me_ ? A. where the twins were B. where the twins areC where are the twins( )7. Do you know_ ? A. where does he liveB. where he does live C. where he lives D. where he lives in( )8. My friend asked me_ . A. who is the girl B. who the girl was C. who was the girlD. who the girl is ( )9. I want to know_ there . A. will who go B. who will go C. who does goD. who go ( )10. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )11.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what