stm32分模块编程学习important

.wd.启动函数中有各个中断处理函数名称!startup_stm32f40_41xxx.ssystem_stm32f4xx.c系统初始化函数SystemInit();/配置系统时钟系统内核变量SystemCoreClock variable改变系统时钟SystemCoreClockUpdate()配置好的是168MSysclock，Hclk168000000 * AHB Prescaler | 1 *- * APB1 Prescaler | 4 *- * APB2 Prescaler | 2#if defined (STM32F40_41xxx) uint32_t SystemCoreClock = 168000000; /在这里设置系统的时钟#endif /* STM32F40_41xxx */配置系统时钟，PLL，分频比，AHB/APBx 分频比，flash设置static void SetSysClock(void)每次hclk改变后必须调用这个来更新系统时钟void SystemCoreClockUpdate(void)typedef enum Bit_RESET = 0, Bit_SETBitAction;枚举类型：为数定义一个别名，这样好区分，引用的时候好引用枚举型是预处理 指令#define的替代。一；完毕一般的定义方式如下：enum enum_type_nameENUM_CONST_1,ENUM_CONST_2,.ENUM_CONST_n enum_variable_name;注意：enum_type_name 是自定义的一种数据数据类型名，而enum_variable_name 为enum_type_name类型的一个变量，也就是我们平时常说的枚举变量。实际上enum_type_name类型是对一个变量取值范围的限定，而花括号内是它的取值范围，即enum_type_name 类型的变量enum_variable_name 只能取值为花括号内的任何一个值，如果赋给该类型变量的值不在列表中，则会报错或者警告。ENUM_CONST_1、ENUM_CONST_2、.、ENUM_CONST_n，这些成员都是常量，也就是我们平时所说的枚举常量常量一般用大写例如：typedef enum GPIO_Mode_IN = 0x00, /*! GPIO Input Mode */ GPIO_Mode_OUT = 0x01, /*! GPIO Output Mode */ GPIO_Mode_AF = 0x02, /*! GPIO Alternate function Mode */ GPIO_Mode_AN = 0x03 /*! GPIO Analog Mode */GPIOMode_TypeDef;这个GPIOMode_TypeDef是个类似于int 的枚举类型，定义变量时：GPIOMode_TypeDef GPIO_MODE；这个GPIO_MODE只能取上边的那四个值typedef struct uint32_t GPIO_Pin; /*! Specifies the GPIO pins to be configured. This parameter can be any value of ref GPIO_pins_define */ GPIOMode_TypeDef GPIO_Mode; /*! Specifies the operating mode for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of ref GPIOMode_TypeDef */ GPIOSpeed_TypeDef GPIO_Speed; /*! Specifies the speed for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of ref GPIOSpeed_TypeDef */ GPIOOType_TypeDef GPIO_OType; /*! Specifies the operating output type for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of ref GPIOOType_TypeDef */ GPIOPuPd_TypeDef GPIO_PuPd; /*! Specifies the operating Pull-up/Pull down for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of ref GPIOPuPd_TypeDef */GPIO_InitTypeDef;这是个构造体，只不过这个构造体里面的额成员都是枚举类型的成员，且这个构造体也是枚举类型的，是为了方便区分和防止出错。使用的时候还是要GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct来定义一个构造体Uint8_t Uint16_t目前还是先使用这个厂家的库函数比较好，因为时间不允许，但是应该效率差不多，因为可能只是库函数版本不同罢了。目录构造：四个文件夹：用户：MDK-ARM：驱动库函数：CMSIS：Cmsis中的必须的文件是：Stm32f4xx.hCcore_cm4.hStm32f4xx.it.cStartup_stm32f40_41xxx.ssystem_stm32f4xx.c库函数驱动中必须的是：Crc.cRcc.cMisc.cSyscfg.c然后用到什么外设就把外设添加进来 时钟设置：Rcc：复位与实时钟控制内外部时钟，PLL系统，总线时钟配置外设时钟配置中断和标志位管理一复位和时钟控制1内外部时钟，pll锁相环，时钟输出，时钟保护配置=外设默认都用HIS16m speed，开场都是关闭的除了sram和flashIo口都是输入input floating状态Once the device started from reset, the user application has to: (+) Configure the clock source to be used to drive the System clock (if the application needs higher frequency/performance) (+) Configure the System clock frequency and Flash settings (+) Configure the AHB and APB busses prescalers (+) Enable the clock for the peripheral(s) to be used (+) Configure the clock source(s) for peripherals which clocks are not derived from the System clock (I2S, RTC, ADC, USB OTG FS/SDIO/RNG系统时钟复位函数void RCC_DeInit(void)The default reset state of the clock configuration is given below: * - HSI ON and used as system clock source * - HSE, PLL and PLLI2S OFF * - AHB, APB1 and APB2 prescaler set to 1. * - CSS, MCO1 and MCO2 OFF * - All interrupts disabledThis function doesnt modify the configuration of the * - Peripheral clocks * - LSI, LSE and RTC clocks使用外部时钟函数：void RCC_HSEConfig(uint8_t RCC_HSE) arg RCC_HSE_OFF: turn OFF the HSE oscillator, HSERDY flag goes low after * 6 HSE oscillator clock cycles. * arg RCC_HSE_ON: turn ON the HSE oscillator * arg RCC_HSE_Bypass: HSE oscillator bypassed with external clock内部高频时钟校准函数因受温度等的影响void RCC_AdjustHSICalibrationValue(uint8_t HSICalibrationValue)HSICalibrationValue: specifies the calibration trimming value. * This parameter must be a number between 0 and 0x1F.使能或关闭内部高频时钟void RCC_HSICmd(FunctionalState NewState)* param NewState: new state of the HSI. * This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.使能或关闭外部低频振荡器void RCC_LSEConfig(uint8_t RCC_LSE)arg RCC_LSE_OFF: turn OFF the LSE oscillator, LSERDY flag goes low after * 6 LSE oscillator clock cycles. * arg RCC_LSE_ON: turn ON the LSE oscillator * arg RCC_LSE_Bypass: LSE oscillator bypassed with external clock使能或关闭内部低频振荡器void RCC_LSICmd(FunctionalState NewState)param NewState: new state of the LSI. * This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.锁相环是一种反响电路，其作用是使得电路上的时钟和某一外部时钟的相位同步。设置系统时钟等非常重要void RCC_PLLConfig(uint32_t RCC_PLLSource, uint32_t PLLM, uint32_t PLLN, uint32_t PLLP, uint32_t PLLQ)RCC_PLLSource: specifies the PLL entry clock source. arg RCC_PLLSource_HSI: HSI oscillator clock selected as PLL clock entry * arg RCC_PLLSource_HSE: HSE oscillator clock selected as PLL clock entryPLLM: specifies the division factor for PLL VCO input clock This parameter must be a number between 0 and 63. * note You have to set the PLLM parameter correctly to ensure that the VCO input * frequency ranges from 1 to 2 MHz. It is recommended to select a frequency * of 2 MHz to limit PLL jitter. * * param PLLN: specifies the multiplication factor for PLL VCO output clock * This parameter must be a number between 192 and 432. * note You have to set the PLLN parameter correctly to ensure that the VCO * output frequency is between 192 and 432 MHz. * * param PLLP: specifies the division factor for main system clock (SYSCLK) * This parameter must be a number in the range 2, 4, 6, or 8. * note You have to set the PLLP parameter correctly to not exceed 168 MHz on * the System clock frequency. * * param PLLQ: specifies the division factor for OTG FS, SDIO and RNG clocks * This parameter must be a number between 4 and 15. * note If the USB OTG FS is used in your application, you have to set the * PLLQ parameter correctly to have 48 MHz clock for the USB. However, * the SDIO and RNG need a frequency lower than or equal to 48 MHz to work * correctly.使能或是关闭锁相环void RCC_PLLCmd(FunctionalState NewState) * param NewState: new state of the main PLL. This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE. * retval None使能或关闭时钟安全系统void RCC_ClockSecuritySystemCmd(FunctionalState NewState) This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.选择一种时钟源输出PA8引脚pa8需要设置为第二功能引脚void RCC_MCO1Config(uint32_t RCC_MCO1Source, uint32_t RCC_MCO1Div)arg RCC_MCO1Source_HSI: HSI clock selected as MCO1 source * arg RCC_MCO1Source_LSE: LSE clock selected as MCO1 source * arg RCC_MCO1Source_HSE: HSE clock selected as MCO1 source * arg RCC_MCO1Source_PLLCLK: main PLL clock selected as MCO1 source * param RCC_MCO1Div: specifies the MCO1 prescaler. * This parameter can be one of the following values: * arg RCC_MCO1Div_1: no division applied to MCO1 clock * arg RCC_MCO1Div_2: division by 2 applied to MCO1 clock * arg RCC_MCO1Div_3: division by 3 applied to MCO1 clock * arg RCC_MCO1Div_4: division by 4 applied to MCO1 clock * arg RCC_MCO1Div_5: division by 5 applied to MCO1 clockPC9同上void RCC_MCO2Config(uint32_t RCC_MCO2Source, uint32_t RCC_MCO2Div)=2Sys clk hclk， pclk1， pclk2 系统时钟，高速总线，外设总线 时钟配置配置系统时钟void RCC_SYSCLKConfig(uint32_t RCC_SYSCLKSource)默认是HIS作为系统时钟的sys clock可以使用RCC_GetSYSCLKSource()获得哪个时钟源作为系统时钟RCC_SYSCLKSource: specifies the clock source used as system clock. * This parameter can be one of the following values: * arg RCC_SYSCLKSource_HSI: HSI selected as system clock source * arg RCC_SYSCLKSource_HSE: HSE selected as system clock source * arg RCC_SYSCLKSource_PLLCLK PLL selected as system clock source 获得系统时钟uint8_t RCC_GetSYSCLKSource(void) * - 0x00: HSI used as system clock * - 0x04: HSE used as system clock * - 0x08: PLL used as system clock-配置高级高性能总线时钟AHB 之前的hclk，时钟来源于sys clock 系统时钟 void RCC_HCLKConfig(uint32_t RCC_SYSCLK)* param RCC_SYSCLK: defines the AHB clock divider. This clock is derived from * the system clock (SYSCLK). * This parameter can be one of the following values: * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div1: AHB clock = SYSCLK * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div2: AHB clock = SYSCLK/2 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div4: AHB clock = SYSCLK/4 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div8: AHB clock = SYSCLK/8 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div16: AHB clock = SYSCLK/16 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div64: AHB clock = SYSCLK/64 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div128: AHB clock = SYSCLK/128 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div256: AHB clock = SYSCLK/256 * arg RCC_SYSCLK_Div512: AHB clock = SYSCLK/512范围 最大168m(#) For STM32F405xx/407xx and STM32F415xx/417xx devices, the maximum frequency of the SYSCLK and HCLK is 168 MHz, PCLK2 84 MHz and PCLK1 42 MHz. Depending on the device voltage range, the maximum frequency should be adapted accordingly: +-+ | Latency | HCLK clock frequency (MHz) | | |-| | | voltage range | voltage range | voltage range | voltage range | | | 2.7 V - 3.6 V | 2.4 V - 2.7 V | 2.1 V - 2.4 V | 1.8 V - 2.1 V | |-|-|-|-|-| |0WS(1CPU cycle)|0 HCLK = 30 |0 HCLK = 24 |0 HCLK = 22 |0 HCLK = 20 | |-|-|-|-|-| |1WS(2CPU cycle)|30 HCLK = 60 |24 HCLK = 48 |22 HCLK = 44 |20 HCLK = 40 | |-|-|-|-|-| |2WS(3CPU cycle)|60 HCLK = 90 |48 HCLK = 72 |44 HCLK = 66 |40 HCLK = 60 | |-|-|-|-|-| |3WS(4CPU cycle)|90 HCLK = 120|72 HCLK = 96 |66 HCLK = 88 |60 HCLK = 80 | |-|-|-|-|-| |4WS(5CPU cycle)|120 HCLK = 150|96 HCLK = 120|88 HCLK = 110 |80 HCLK = 100 | |-|-|-|-|-| |5WS(6CPU cycle)|150 HCLK = 168|120 HCLK = 144|110 HCLK = 132|100 HCLK = 120| |-|-|-|-|-| |6WS(7CPU cycle)| NA |144 HCLK = 168|132 HCLK = 154|120 HCLK = 140| |-|-|-|-|-| |7WS(8CPU cycle)| NA | NA |154 HCLK = 168|140 HCLK = 160|配置外设总线时钟1APB，之前的PCLK，来源于AHB(高性能总线时钟HCLK)void RCC_PCLK1Config(uint32_t RCC_HCLK)This parameter can be one of the following values: * arg RCC_HCLK_Div1: APB1 clock = HCLK * arg RCC_HCLK_Div2: APB1 clock = HCLK/2 * arg RCC_HCLK_Div4: APB1 clock = HCLK/4 * arg RCC_HCLK_Div8: APB1 clock = HCLK/8 * arg RCC_HCLK_Div16: APB1 clock = HCLK/16配置外设总线时钟2APB，之前的PCLK，来源于AHB(高性能总线时钟HCLK)void RCC_PCLK2Config(uint32_t RCC_HCLK)This parameter can be one of the following values: * arg RCC_HCLK_Div1: APB1 clock = HCLK * arg RCC_HCLK_Div2: APB1 clock = HCLK/2 * arg RCC_HCLK_Div4: APB1 clock = HCLK/4 * arg RCC_HCLK_Div8: APB1 clock = HCLK/8 * arg RCC_HCLK_Div16: APB1 clock = HCLK/16获取所有时钟频率信息，用于计算通讯波特率等void RCC_GetClocksFreq(RCC_ClocksTypeDef* RCC_Clocks)返回一个时钟构造体=3各种外设时钟配置配置实时钟到底用哪一个时钟信号作为时钟源假设用低俗时钟，则休眠后还工作，假设用高速时钟休眠后就不工作了void RCC_RTCCLKConfig(uint32_t RCC_RTCCLKSource) * * param RCC_RTCCLKSource: specifies the RTC clock source. * This parameter can be one of the following values: * arg RCC_RTCCLKSource_LSE: LSE selected as RTC clock * arg RCC_RTCCLKSource_LSI: LSI selected as RTC clock * arg RCC_RTCCLKSource_HSE_Divx: HSE clock divided by x selected * as RTC clock, where x:2,31使能或者关闭rtc时钟void RCC_RTCCLKCmd(FunctionalState NewState) * note This function must be used only after the RTC clock source was selected * using the RCC_RTCCLKConfig function. * param NewState: new state of the RTC clock. This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.使能或是关闭挂在高性能总线上的外设的时钟AHB1复位后，使用之前必须翻开时钟才可以使用void RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(uint32_t RCC_AHB1Periph, FunctionalState NewState)param RCC_AHBPeriph: specifies the AHB1 peripheral to gates its clock. * This parameter can be any combination of the following values: * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA: GPIOA clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB: GPIOB clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOC: GPIOC clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOD: GPIOD clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOE: GPIOE clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOF: GPIOF clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOG: GPIOG clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOG: GPIOG clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOI: GPIOI clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOJ: GPIOJ clock (STM32F42xxx/43xxx devices) * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOK: GPIOK clock (STM32F42xxx/43xxx devices) * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_CRC: CRC clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_BKPSRAM: BKPSRAM interface clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_CCMDATARAMEN CCM data RAM interface clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_DMA1: DMA1 clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_DMA2: DMA2 clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_DMA2D: DMA2D clock (STM32F429xx/439xx devices) * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_ETH_MAC: Ethernet MAC clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_ETH_MAC_Tx: Ethernet Transmission clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_ETH_MAC_Rx: Ethernet Reception clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_ETH_MAC_PTP: Ethernet PTP clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_OTG_HS: USB OTG HS clock * arg RCC_AHB1Periph_OTG_HS_ULPI: USB OTG HS ULPI clock * param NewState: new state of the speci fied peripheral clock. * This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.使能或是关闭挂在高性能总线2上的各个外设的时钟，参数同上void RCC_AHB2PeriphClockCmd(uint32_t RCC_AHB2Periph, FunctionalState NewState)param RCC_AHBPeriph: specifies the AHB2 peripheral to gates its clock. * This parameter can be any combination of the following values: * arg RCC_AHB2Periph_DCMI: DCMI clock * arg RCC_AHB2Periph_CRYP: CRYP clock * arg RCC_AHB2Periph_HASH: HASH clock * arg RCC_AHB2Periph_RNG: RNG clock * arg RCC_AHB2Periph_OTG_FS: USB OTG FS clock使能或是关闭挂在高性能总线3上的各个外设的时钟，参数同上void RCC_AHB3PeriphClockCmd(uint32_t RCC_AHB3Periph, FunctionalState NewState) * param RCC_AHBPeriph: specifies the AHB3 peripheral to gates its clock. * This parameter must be: RCC_AHB3Periph_FSMC * or RCC_AHB3Periph_FMC (STM32F42xxx/43xxx devices) 使能或者关闭挂在低速外设总线上的外设的时钟PCLKvoid RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(uint32_t RCC_APB1Periph, FunctionalState NewState)param RCC_APB1Periph: specifies the APB1 peripheral to gates its clock. * This parameter can be any combination of the following values: * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2: TIM2 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3: TIM3 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM4: TIM4 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM5: TIM5 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM6: TIM6 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM7: TIM7 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM12: TIM12 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM13: TIM13 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_TIM14: TIM14 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_WWDG: WWDG clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2: SPI2 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_SPI3: SPI3 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_USART2: USART2 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_USART3: USART3 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_UART4: UART4 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_UART5: UART5 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1: I2C1 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_I2C2: I2C2 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_I2C3: I2C3 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_CAN1: CAN1 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_CAN2: CAN2 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_PWR: PWR clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_DAC: DAC clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_UART7: UART7 clock * arg RCC_APB1Periph_UART8: UART8 clock使能或者关闭挂在高速外设总线上的外设的时钟PCLKvoid RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(uint32_t RCC_APB2Periph, FunctionalState NewState)RCC_APB2Periph: specifies the APB2 peripheral to gates its clock. * This parameter can be any combination of the following values: * arg RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1: TIM1 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_TIM8: TIM8 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_USART1: USART1 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_USART6: USART6 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1: ADC1 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_ADC2: ADC2 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_ADC3: ADC3 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_SDIO: SDIO clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1: SPI1 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_SPI4: SPI4 clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_SYSCFG: SYSCFG clock * arg RCC_APB2Periph_TIM9: TIM9 clock *