2022高考英语 词汇（22）练习（含解析）

2022高考英语 词汇（22）练习（含解析）复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）【单句单词语法填空】1 I wish I_(be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then. 答案：had been利用虚拟语气考查时态。句意为：我真希望上周二参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据句中的but可知“参加妹妹的婚礼”只是一种假设，根据空后的时间状语last Tuesday可知，动作发生在过去，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语用“had过去分词”结构。故答案为had been。2 It is lucky we booked a room，or we _have nowhere to stay now. 答案：would/could/should/might句意为：幸亏我们预订了一个房间，要不然我们现在就无处可呆了。根据语境可知，or后面的句子表示与现在事实相反的情况，此处为含蓄虚拟语气，句子谓语动词用“would/could/should/might动词原形”结构。3(2015北京，34改编)If I_(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it. 答案：hadnt seen根据主句中“wouldnt have believed”可以判断是对过去的虚拟。句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。4(2015陕西，23改编)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I _(dance) as well as her. 答案：dancedwish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反，谓语动词用could/should/would do；叙述与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done。由语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反，故谓语动词用过去式。句意：艾伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。5(2015四川成都二诊改编)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Hans first film, The Contrinent, _ be such a huge success. 答案：should句意为：影评家们很吃惊地发现韩寒的第一部电影后会无期，竟然获得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”应用should。核心单词1.profession n.(需要有高等教育学位的)职业(如医生或律师)2.profit n. 利润，益处 v. 有益于，有利于3.programme n. 节目；项目4.progress n. 进步；进展；前进 vi. 前进；进步5.prohibit vt. 阻止；禁止6.project n. 工程7.promise n.& v. 答应，允诺 8.promote vt. 促进，发扬，增进；提升，提拔；宣传，推销(商品等)9.pronounce v. 发音10.properly adv. 适当地11.protection n. 保护12.prove vt. 证明13.provide vt. 提供14.province n. 省15.publicly adv. 当众；公开地16.publish vt. 出版，发行 17.punctual adj. 准时的18.punishment n. 惩罚19.purpose n. 目的，意图20.puzzled adj. 迷惑的，困惑的21.qualification n. 资格，学历22.quality n. 质量；品质，性质23.quantity n. 量，数量24.quarrel vi. 争吵，吵架25.questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷重点短语1.let sb down 让某人失望let out 放出；泄露let in 放进；让进入2.leave alone 不干涉/打扰；不理，顺其自然leave behind 留下；丢弃；忘记携带leave for 动身去leave out 遗漏；省去；不考虑leave.to/with 把托付给；留/交给on leave 休假ask for leave 请假【阅读理解】It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain. The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.Boston Universitys Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases ones risk of being obese. Whats more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol, a pound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.1.The passage is mainly for those_.A. who produce wineB. who have a drinking habitC. who go on a dietD. who are eager to lose weight2.The underlined phrase in moderation in the first paragraph means _.A. excitedlyB. carefullyC. frequentlyD. properly3.What can we learn from the passage?A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of being fat.C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. How to do some easy experiments.B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.C. How to prove the finding mentioned above.D. How to make wine in a healthy way.【文章大意】文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，告诉我们适量葡萄酒还会减肥。1.B【解析】推理判断题。文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，比如和肥胖、疾病等的关系。所以说是写给有喝酒习惯的人的，故选B。2.D【解析】猜测词义题。与上句形成对比，此处指适量饮酒的人事实上能减肥，moderation适度与D项同义，故选D。4.C【解析】推理判断题。文章最后讲到葡萄酒和红酒混合会破坏肥胖细胞，所以下文会证明这一观点，故选C。写作句式倒装1.Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.直到经历了真正的苦难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱是多么重要。2.On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。3.(2014天津高考书面表达)Only if we understand and learn from each other can we spend those good days together happily.只有相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起幸福地度过那些美好的日子。我读我练.词汇应用 1.I have made up my mind to study harder and make greater progress(进步).2.Not all the advertisements can be used to promote_(促进) the sale of the products.3.Once attacked by viruses, your puter wont function properly(proper).4.Mr.Lee decided to fight for the protection (protect) of the environment.5.Throwing their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team _let_out (发出) loud shouts of victory.6.Hes in a bad mood right now.Wed better leave_him_alone(不要打搅他).句式仿写1.至于我自己，我会在现实生活中多做有价值的事情，从交友到学习，只有用这种方式我才能使生活充实、有价值。 As for myself, Ill devote myself to more worthwhile things in real life, from making friends to studying; only_in_this_way_can_I_make_my_life_full_and_valuable.2.在任何情况下我们都不应该以牺牲环境为代价发展经济。Under no circumstances should_we_develop_the_economy_at the cost of the environment.3.直到他醒来他才意识到他已经昏迷了好几天了。Not until he woke up did_he_learn he had been in a for several days.【练习】Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards it may make a difference.I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In a beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out that I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging，my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak.Practice made perfect.Now I can talk fluent in English.Just as the saying goes，“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us.【答案】Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards may make a difference.I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt ，my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I have avoided them. I also joined an English club to get more chances to speak.Practice perfect.Now I can talk in English.Just as the saying goes，“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us.第一处：itthem。考查代词。根据语境可知，第二句中“towards”的宾语指代的是第一句的主语“Mistakes”，故用them。第二处：athe。考查冠词。根据前一句“I still remember how my spoken English was improved.”可知，该处特指上文中“提高英语口语水平”的开始，故用定冠词。第三处：makemaking。考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.为固定用法，意为“避免做某事”。第四处：thatwhat。考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，what既作宾语从句的引导词，也作从句中及物动词thought的宾语，而that在从句中不能作成分，故将that改为what。第五处：discouragingdiscouraged。考查形容词。根据从句主语I可知，该处应用discouraged形容人，意为“沮丧的”；discouraging形容事物，意为“令人沮丧的”。 第六处：mustcould。考查情态动词。根据语境可知，该句使用了虚拟语气，表示“过去本能够做却没有做”，故用could have done。第七处：删除in。考查固定搭配。该处指“参加英语俱乐部”，参加某个组织用join，而join in为固定搭配，意为“参加活动”，故删除in。第八处：mademakes。考查主谓一致和时态。句意：熟能生巧。该句为一般真理，故用一般现在时；该句主语为Practice，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式，故用makes。第九处：fluentfluently。考查副词。根据该句中的动词“talk”可知，此处修饰动词，故用副词形式。第十处：afraid前加be。考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，该句为祈使句，afraid为形容词，故afraid前加动词原形be。