高考总复习 语言基础知识 考点归纳拓展 Module 1 Deep South 外研版选修8

高考总复习 语言基础知识 考点归纳拓展 Module 1 Deep South 外研版选修8balance v使保持平衡n.平衡；平衡能力；天平经典例句Everything you see exists together in a delicate balance.世界上所有的生命都在微妙的平衡中生存。(1)keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡lose ones balance/be out of balance失去平衡(2)balance sth against 权衡；斟酌；比较(3)balanced adj.保持(或显示)平衡的keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡I lost my balance and fell on my face.我失去平衡，脸着地摔倒了。You have to _ the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。A balanced diet is very important for you to keep health.平衡饮食对你保持健康非常重要。答案balance the advantages of living in the countryside against【巧学助记】trap v储存；留存；设陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套；诡计；埋伏经典例句Its easy to fall into a trap, but hard to get out again.堕入陷阱易，脱离陷阱难。(1)trap sb into (doing) sth使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套be/get trapped in被困在中(2)fall into the trap of doing sth 落入的圈套set/lay a trap for 为设圈套He was trapped in the crashed car and couldnt move his legs.他被困在撞坏的汽车里，两腿动弹不得。 By clever questioning they _ making a confession.他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。答案trapped him intodiscourage v阻止；打消的念头经典例句I knew nothing would ever discourage him, he would never give up wanting to be director.我知道没有什么会使他灰心，他永远也不会放弃想成为一名导演的梦想。(1)discourage sb from doing sth劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心(2)be/get discouraged变得灰心丧气We ought to be focusing on discouraging kids from smoking.我们应把重点放在劝阻孩子们不要吸烟上。Hearing the discouraging result，he felt very discouraged.听了这个令人泄气的结果，他感到很泄气。Students will soon _ if you criticize them too often.如果你批评学生次数太多的话，他们很快就会泄气的。答案get discouraged集 训 中 心.单词拼写1Youd better keep a b_diet for the benefit of your health.2At one time，she is fine；but at another，she is a_.3If you meet with any difficulty in your study，dont be d_. 4The Prime Ministers visit will p_the cooperation between the two countries.5She had the time and the _(灵感)to develop her talent.6It is important to assess the _(可靠性)of the data.7Quick！Call an ambulance！This is an _(紧急情况)！学生用书第214页8.Her _(缺席) from the party made her good friends very angry.答案1.balanced2.abnormal3.discouraged4.promote5.inspiration6.reliability7.emergency8.absence.单项填空1(xx天津卷)You are working too hard. Youd better keep a _ between work and relaxation.Apromise Blead Cbalance Ddiary答案C考查名词辨析。句意：你工作太努力了。你最好保持在工作和放松之间的平衡。promise诺言；lead领先；balance平衡；diary日记。keep a balance为固定短语，意为“保持平衡”，符合句意，故选C。2(xx凉山二诊)Share prices are falling sharply, which _ investors from buying and selling shares.Aprevents BprotectsCdiscourages Dpersuades答案C考查动词辨析。句意：股票价格的急剧下跌大大挫伤了投资者买卖股票的信心。discourage表示“使泄气”，符合句意。核 心 短 语in case of 如果；假使经典例句Many people are at a loss as to what to do in case of a real fire.一旦真的发生火灾，许多人就不知所措，不知道该干什么好了。in case (that)假使；以防万一in any case 无论如何；总之in no case决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装)in this /that case 如果这样/那样 as is often the case 这是常有的事Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _.请明天再提醒我关于会议的事，以免我忘了。In no case _ my motherland.我决不会背叛我的祖国。As is often the case, solving one problem can cause or uncover another.事实往往是这样，解决一个问题可能会导致或暴露另一个问题。答案in case I forgetwill I turn against【知识链接】像in no case 一样，表示“决不”，放在句首时，用部分倒装的短语还有：at no time, by no means ，under no circumstances ，in no way，on no occasion等。集 训 中 心.选词填空e into sight；set foot on；as a result；e up with；adapt oneself to；stand out；in case； break up1Write the telephone number down _ you forget.2Nobody has ever _ the lonely island.3She _ in the crowd，for she is two meters in height.4A camel _ in the desert soon.5You should _ the new environment.6They still havent _ a name for their baby.答案1.in case2.set foot on3.stands out4.came into sight5.adapt yourself to6e up with.单项填空1(xx北京卷)I took my driving license with me on holiday，_ I wanted to hire a car.Ain case Beven ifCever since Dif only答案A考查连词短语。句意：度假时我随身携带驾驶证以备租车之需。A项“以防，以防万一”，符合句意；B项表示“即使”；C项表示“自从以后”；D项表示“但愿就好了”。2(xx福建莆田高三质检)Dangerous waste will do great harm to human health and environment _ improper management.Ain return for Bin case ofCregardless of Dinstead of答案B考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果对有害废物处理不当，将会对人的身体及环境造成很大的危害。in return for作为回报；in case of万一，如果；regardless of不管；instead of而不是，代替。由语境可知，选B。3How can I pick out your car in the parking lot?Its easy.The bright colour of my car makes it _.Aturn out Bstick outCstand out Dget out答案C答句句意为“很容易。我的车的颜色很鲜艳，非常显眼。”所以在停车场很容易找到。4(xx河北唐山高三摸底)All you had to do was think a little harder and _ a new solution.Afill up with Bend up withCput up with De up with答案D考查动词短语辨析。句意：你所能做的就是再仔细思考并想出个新的解决方法。e up with意为“提出，想出”，符合题意。fill up with意为“充满”；end up with意为“结束”；put up with意为“忍受”。核 心 句 型Then in 1895，a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。(1)the first.to do.“第一个做的”，用动词不定式作定语。序数词或由序数词修饰的名词后常用不定式作后置定语。He is always the first to bear hardships，the last to enjoy forts.他总是一个吃苦在前，享乐在后的人。 (2)有些名词后常可跟不定式作定语，如chance, way, time, promise, ability, ambition, attempt, courage等。Is that the best way to _？那是解决那个问题的最好方法吗？There are many goods in that shop to choose from.那家商店有很多商品可以挑选。答案solve the problem名师点睛 如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就必须有必要的介词。集 训 中 心.用括号内动词的适当形式填空1The question _(discuss) at tomorrows meeting is a very important one.2A terrible air crash happened over the Atlantic Ocean，_ (kill) 150 passengers.3Whoever is the first _(finish )the task will get a prize.答案1.to be discussed2.killing3.to finish.完成句子1There were a lot of problems _.有许多问题需要处理。 2She usually has a lot of meetings _. 她晚上经常有很多会要开。 3Have you enough paper _？你有足够的纸来写字吗？4He is late for class today，_.他今天迟到了，而这是经常的事。答案1.to deal with/to be dealt with2.to attend in the evenings3.to write on4.as is often the case.单项填空1(xx陕西模拟)_ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.AIt BThat CWhat DAs答案D考查定语从句。句意：孩子们通常就是这样，医生来的时候埃米就好些了。as is often the case固定搭配，意思是“通常就是这样”。2(xx济南一中等四校高三联考)There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts _ you failed.Ato contact BcontactingCcontacted Dhaving contacted答案A考查非谓语动词。句意：在那个遥远的村庄没有信号，因此我怎么也联系不上你。attempt后面应用不定式作定语。3(xx内江二诊)Im going to the post office. Do you have anything _？No, thanks.Aposting Bto postCto be posted Dto have posted答案C由Im going to the post office可知是询问对方是否有东西需要邮寄(是尚未发生的动作)，故用不定式作定语，且post与anything之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故选C项。4(xx陕西宝鸡质量检测三)Not until he went abroad for further study _ how attached he was to his parents.Athat the realized Bhad he realizedCdid he realize Dthat he had realized答案C考查倒装和时态。句意：直到去国外深造他才意识到他有多么依恋父母。当not until位于句首时，句子要倒装，另外，根据句中的“went”和“was”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选C。.单句改错1The weather discouraged most people attending_.2He is always the first one of get to school._.答案1.people后面加from2.ofto单 元 语 法复习主语和动词1(xx山东潍坊高三联合考试)Every time we stay together, _ I hear from him is always inspiring stories.Awhat Bthat Cwhen Dwhether答案A考查主语从句。句意：每次我们待在一起，我从他那里听到的总是鼓舞人心的故事。what引导主语从句且在从句中作hear的宾语。2Large amounts of money _ spent on the magnificent building, but the poor _ not allowed to have a single room.Awas; were Bwere; wereCwas; was Dwere; was答案Bamounts of修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词与amounts保持一致，因此用复数。the poor是“the形容词”结构表示一类人，其作主语时谓语动词用复数。故选B。3(xx南充一诊)How should I deal with this old puter?_ it to whoever is in need.ASend BSent CTo send DSending答案A考查祈使句。由上句可知，说话者在问对方的意见，对方直接给予了命令或建议：把旧电脑送给需要它的人。所以答语实际上是一个祈使句，故用动词原形。4(xx福建三明高三联考)Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes _ sent to the disasterhit area since the powerful earthquake occurred.Ahas been Bhave been Cis being Dare being答案A考查主谓一致。本句的主语是Some necessary equipment，所以谓语动词用单数形式。时间状语为“since一般过去时”，所以应用现在完成时态。