高一必修一unit GrammarPPT课件

带定语从句的谚语带定语从句的谚语：1. God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。自助者天助之。2. He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。不到长城非好汉。第1页/共60页I prefer the robot. can play the guitar.whichthe robotThe robotHow to make it ?How to make it ?Review : The Attributive Clause第2页/共60页简化图示共有词主句：从句：共有词关系词共有词 关系词主句从句第3页/共60页The man is a worker. is speaking at the meeting.whoThe manThe manHave a try ! Have a try ! The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.第4页/共60页1. This is the best hotel in the city _ I know. A. It B. where C. that D. Which2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose3. Is there anything else_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what第5页/共60页 1. This is our school _ we love very much. A. who B. whom C. which D. whoseREVISION第6页/共60页 2. We study in a school _ environment（环境） is very beautiful. A. that B. which C. who D. whoseREVISION第7页/共60页 3. The students _ have been admitted into our school are studying very hard. A. who B. whom C. which D. whoseREVISION第8页/共60页Para.1Para.11.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.3.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.Attributive Clauses in Elias Story第9页/共60页Para.2Para.24.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.5. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Attributive Clauses in Elias Story第10页/共60页Para.3Para.36. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.7. , until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.Attributive Clauses in Elias Story第11页/共60页Para.4Para.48. They could not get the job they wanted.9. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.10. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.Attributive Clauses in Elias Story第12页/共60页11. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.12. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.Attributive Clauses in Elias Story第13页/共60页Elias shall never forget the day.He first met Mandela on that day. Elias shall never forget the day when /on which he first met Mandela. 关系副词when where why 第14页/共60页The school was 3 kilometers away. Elias studied in the school for only 2 years. The school where/in which Elias studied for only two years was 3 kilometers away. 关系副词when where why 第15页/共60页 Beijing is the city where the 2008 Olympic Games was held.Beijing is the city. The 2008 Olympic Games was held in the city.Beijing is the city in which the 2008 Olympic Games was held.关系副词when where why 第16页/共60页Harvard is a world-famous university where Wang An got his Doctors degree.Harvard is a world-famous university. There Wang An got his Doctors degree.关系副词when where why 第17页/共60页Elias left his school because his family could not pay the school fees and the bus fare.The reason why Elias left his school was that his family couldnt pay the school fees and the bus fare.The reason why was that关系副词when where why 第18页/共60页 The reason why he refused the invitation is not clear.关系副词关系副词why =for the reason定语从句定语从句先行词先行词第19页/共60页关系副关系副词词指代指代 在定语从句在定语从句中担任成分中担任成分相当于介词相当于介词+whichwhenwherewhy时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语关系副词：when where why at/in/on /during whichin/at whichfor which第20页/共60页1.1.引导定语从句2.2.在定语从句中充当状语3.3.指代先行词 whenwhen的先行词一般为表示时间的名词 wherewhere的先行词一般为表示地点的名词 whywhy的先行词一般为reasonreason关系副词引导定语从句中的作用 第21页/共60页when, where, why相当于“介词+关系代词(which)”。when =at / in/ on/during whichwhere =in/ at whichwhy = for whichIll never forget the day when I joined the league.on which(=on the day)=4. Preposition + which / whom第22页/共60页1.根据介词与先行词的习惯搭配来确定；介词+which/whom 前介词的选定I still remember the holiday.I stayed with my grandparents during that holiday.I still remember the holidays during which I stayed with my grandparents.第23页/共60页The ship is made of steel.The steel is of high quality.The ship is made of steel which is of high quality.The steel which the ship is made of is of high quality.介词+which/whom 前介词的选定2.2.根据介词与定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定；The steel of which the ship is made is of high quality.第24页/共60页3.3.当表示“整体中的部分”或者“所有关系”时，介词选择“of”of”，指人用“of of whom”whom”，指物用“of which”of which”。介词+which/whom 前介词的选定I have two brothers. Both of them are doctors.I have two brothers, and both of them are doctors.I have two brothers, both of whom are doctors.第25页/共60页There are forty-five students in our class.One third of them are from the nearby villages.There are forty-five students in our class, and one third of them are from the nearby villages.介词+which/whom 前介词的选定There are forty-five students in our class, one third of whom are from the nearby villages.第26页/共60页*如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语，介词不可前置。Tips第27页/共60页Bob found the dictionary.I had been looking for it.Bob found the dictionary (that) I had been looking for.This is the boy whom she has taken care of.This is the boy.She has taken care of him.第28页/共60页1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.6. There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder which第29页/共60页7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.11.Who is the girl _ you talked just now ? of whichfrom whichto whomof whichto whom第30页/共60页关系代词和关系副词的判断关系代词和关系副词的选择有其先行词在定语从句中所作的成分来确定：当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词（表时间用whenwhen，表地点用wherewhere，表原因用whywhy）或者相应的介词+which+which；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或者宾语时，则用关系代词。第31页/共60页The reason _ he gave us was hard to accept.The reason_he was late is that he missed the first bus.This is the place _I spent my childhood.This is the place_we visited last summer.I will never forget the days _I spent in the countryside.I will never forget the days _I worked in the countryside关系代词和关系副词的判断whichwhythat/whichwhenwherethat/which第32页/共60页判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.第33页/共60页方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on whichD. the oneDA第34页/共60页关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。第35页/共60页I cant forget the days _ I spent in the army.I cant forget the days _ I stayed with the soldiers.This is the factory _ employs a lot of foreigners.This is the factory _ my father used to work.The reason _ he gave to me is only an excuse.The reason _ he was absent from the meeting is that his mother was badly ill.which/thatwhen/in whichwhich/thatwhere/in whichwhich/thatwhy/for which第36页/共60页NOTES: 当表示当表示时间、地点、原因时间、地点、原因的名词如的名词如 day, time, place, factory, reason等作先行词，在等作先行词，在定语从句中作定语从句中作状语状语时，用时，用when, where, why；在从句中；在从句中作主语或宾语作主语或宾语时，就用时，就用that或或which.第37页/共60页Ex.1. At the top of the mountain there is a small house_ we can see the beautiful scenery.2. Whos the man _ you shook hands just now?3.I will remember the time _ I first became a high school student.4.He didnt give the reason _he was late.in whichwith whomat whichfor whichPrep. +which/whom第38页/共60页a. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year.b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together?c. This is the reason why/for which he went. The reason that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable.Make comparison先行词在定语从句中的成分不同, , 引导词不同。第39页/共60页This is the reason_ he gave me. This is the reason_ he was late.that/whichwhyThis is the factory _ my father worked. This is the factory _my father visited.October 1st is a day _ we will never forget.October 1st is a day _our new China was founded.EX.第40页/共60页1.The person _ you should write to is Mr.Ball.2.The person to _ you should write is Mr.Ball.3.The games _he competed in were swimming and shooting.4.The games in _ he competed were swimming and shooting. who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhich第41页/共60页5.October 1st,1949 is the day _we will never forget.6.Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing?7.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.8.The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.with whichthat/whichwhich/thatwhose第42页/共60页9.He is the man _ you can turn for help. 10.This is the tree under _ we used to play games.11.The farm _ we worked ten years ago isnt what is used to be.12.A biologist is a man _ has a great knowledge of biology. to whomwhichon whichwho/that第43页/共60页13.The poor boy _ lost both his parents last year lives with his grandfather.14.This is the factory _ he worked ten years ago.15.This is the factory _ make toys.16.He is the boy _family was poor.who/thatwhere/in whichwhosewhich /that第44页/共60页1. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one第45页/共60页3. I shall never forget those years _ I live on the farm _ you visited last week. A. when; where B. which; which C. when; which D. which; where4. Do you know the reason _ he was late? A. for which B. for what C. which D. that第46页/共60页5. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which6. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that第47页/共60页7. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /8. I will never forget the day _ we studied together. A. at which B. on that C. at that D. on which第48页/共60页9. There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that10. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on which B. where C. in that D. during which第49页/共60页1. Today, well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (2007陕西) A. which B. as C. why D. whereQuiz I: Multiple choice 第50页/共60页2. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. (2007天津) A. when B. whose C. which D. where 3. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we worked. (2007山东) A. that B. there C. which D. where 第51页/共60页4. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (2008山东) A. who B. which C. why D. when5. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008江西) A. where B. when C. who D. which 第52页/共60页6. What do you think of teaching, Bob? I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. (2009北京) A. where B. which C. when D. that7. Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (2009四川) A. that B. which C. where D. when第53页/共60页8. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planets _ life has developed gradually. (2010福建) A. that B. where C. which D. whose第54页/共60页9. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. (2011浙江) A. when B. that C. where D. there10. The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. (2011天津) A. when B. that C. where D. which第55页/共60页1. The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball.2. The person to _ you should write is Mr. Ball.3. The games _ he competed in were swimming and shooting.4. The games in _ he competed were swimming and shooting.5. Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane. who / that / whomwhomwhich/thatwhichQuiz II: 用适当的关系词填空。 why第56页/共60页6. The poor boy _ lost both his parents last year lives with his grandfather.7. This is the factory _ he worked ten years ago.8. This is the factory _ makes toys.9. He is the boy _ family was poor.10. The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.who / thatwhere / in whichwhosewhich / thatwith which第57页/共60页1 This is the factory. 2 I worked in the factory ten years ago. 1 The school is near a park. 2 My son studies in this school. This is the factory where I worked ten years ago.The school where my son studies is near a park.Quiz III: 合并下列句子。第58页/共60页1 Theyll never forget July 1. 2 Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. 1 The days are gone forever. 2 We used foreign oil during those days. Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days when we used foreign oil are gone forever.第59页/共60页感谢您的观看。第60页/共60页