考研考博-考博英语-西南林业大学考前自测提分卷28(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-西南林业大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Fortune-tellers are good at making _ statements such as “Your sorrows will change”.问题1选项A.philosophicalB.ambiguousC.literalD.invalid【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 philosophical “哲学的（等于philosophic）；冷静的”；B选项 ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的；不明确的，不明朗的；引起歧义的”；C选项 literal “文字的；逐字的；无夸张的”；D选项 invalid “无效的；有病的；残疾的”。句意：算命的人擅长说一些模棱两可的话，比如“你的悲伤会变的”。根据句意，B选项正确。2.单选题Film CriticMark Adams looks back over the last ten years of his workas a film critic for a newspaper called The Front PageWriting articles about films for The Front Page was my first proper joB.Before then I had done bits of reviewing novels for other newspapers, films for a magazine and anything I was asked to do for the radio. That was how I met Tom Seaton, the first arts editor of The Front Page who had also written for television. He hired me, but Tom was not primarily a journalist, or he would certainly have been more careful in choosing his staff.At first, his idea was that a team of critics should take care of the art forms that didnt require specialized knowledge: books, TV, theatre, film and radio. There would be a weekly lunch at which we would make our choices from the artistic material that Tom had decided we should cover, though there would also be guests to make the atmosphere sociable.It all felt like a bit of a dream at that time: a new newspaper, and I was one of the team. It seemed so unlikely that a paper could be introduced into a crowded market. It seemed just as likely that a millionaire wanted to help me personally, and was pretending to employ me. Such was my lack of self-confidence. In fact, the first time I saw someone reading the newspaper on the London underground, then turning to a page on which one of my reviews appeared, I didnt know where to look.Toms original scheme for a team of critics for the arts never took off. It was a good idea, but we didnt get together as planned and so everything was done by phone. It turned out, too, that the general public out there preferred to associate a reviewer with a single subject area, and so I chose film. Without Toms initial push, though, we would hardly have come up with the present arrangement, by which I write an extended weekly piece, usually on one film.The Luxury of this way of working suits me well. I wouldnt have been interested in the more standard film critics role, which involves considering every film that comes out. Thats a routine that would make me stale in no time at all. I would soon be sinking into my seat on a Monday morning with the sigh, “What insulting rubbish must I sit through now?” a style of sigh that can often be heard in screening rooms around the world.1. What do we learn about Tom Seaton from the first paragraph?2. A weekly lunch was arranged for critics to _.3. When Mark started working for The Front Page, he_.4. In the end, the organization of the team was influenced by_.5. Mark takes the new way of working as “luxury” (paragraph 5) because_.问题1选项A.He encouraged Mark to become a writerB.He had worked in various areas of the mediaC.He met Mark when working for televisionD.He prefers to employ people that he meets somewhere问题2选项A.get to know each otherB.exchange informationC.take works for new criticismD.entertain occasional visitors问题3选项A.doubted the paper would succeedB.was embarrassed at being recognizedC.felt it needed improvementD.was surprised to earn so much问题4选项A.the readers preferenceB.the availability of writersC.the pressure of timeD.the popularity of subjects问题5选项A.it enables him to play his roleB.it enables him to make a choiceC.it enables him to see the worldD.it enables him to see a lot of films【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键字the first paragraph可以定位到文章首段 “That was how I met Tom Seaton, the first arts editor of The Front Page who had also written for television.”中文翻译为：我就是这样认识了汤姆西顿(Tom Seaton)的，他是纽约时报头版的第一位艺术编辑，同时也为电视撰稿。可以判断只有C项“他在为电视台工作时遇到了马克”正确。2.细节事实题。由题干关键字A weekly lunch可以定位到原文第二段 “There would be a weekly lunch at which we would make our choices from the artistic material that Tom had decided we should cover” 中文大意为：每周会有一次午餐，我们会从汤姆决定我们应该报道的艺术材料中做出选择。因此可知C选项“接受新的评论工作”正确，符合题意。3.推理判断题。由题干可定位到原文第三段 “It seemed so unlikely that a paper could be introduced into a crowded market. ”中文翻译为：一份报纸似乎不太可能被引入一个拥挤的市场。判断A选项“怀疑这份报纸能否成功”正确。4.推理判断题。由题干可定位到原文第四段“It turned out, too, that the general public out there preferred to associate a reviewer with a single subject area, and so I chose film. ”中文翻译为：结果也证明，公众更喜欢把一个评论家和一个单一的主题领域联系起来，所以我选择了电影。可知选项A“读者的偏好”正确。5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文倒数第二段 “Without Toms initial push, though, we would hardly have come up with the present arrangement, by which I write an extended weekly piece, usually on one film.” 中文翻译为：如果没有汤姆最初的推动，我们很难达成现在的安排，我每周写一篇文章，通常是关于一部电影。以及最后一段 “I wouldnt have been interested in the more standard film critics role, which involves considering every film that comes out.” 中文翻译为：我不会对更标准的影评人这个角色感兴趣，这个角色需要考虑每一部上映的电影。判断出B选项“这使他能够做出选择”符合题意。3.单选题Are we going to see an end to the Arab-Israeli disagreement?问题1选项A.disasterB.controversyC.confrontationD.aggression【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项 disaster“灾难；灾祸；不幸”；B选项controversy “辩论”；C选项confrontation“对抗；对峙”；D选项 aggression“侵略；侵犯；侵害”。句意：我们会看到阿拉伯和以色列的分歧结束吗。A选项 disaster（灾难）不能形容两个国家的分歧。B选项controversy（辩论），可以排除。D选项aggression（侵犯），这里并没有体现两个国家的侵略。C选项confrontation（对峙）最符合题意，由此得知C选项正确。4.单选题But aging does not have to take a toll once it did on her face and body. There are now many solutions available to aid women in their quest for their long lasting health and beauty.问题1选项A.take overB.compose ofC.slow downD.have a negative effect【答案】D【解析】考查词组。A选项 take over “接管；接收”；B选项 compose of “由组成”；C选项 slow down “减速，放慢速度；使慢下来”；D选项 have a negative effect “产生负面影响”。句意：不过，一旦衰老对她的脸和身体造成了影响，就不必为此付出代价。现在有很多方法可以帮助女性追求持久的健康和美丽。结合此处关键词 take a toll “产生负面影响；造成损失；产生严重的不良影响”，得知D选项正确。5.单选题The historic meeting of the presidents of these two countries will greatly promote _ relationship and cooperation at all levels.问题1选项A.bilateralB.benignC.significantD.fundamental【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 bilateral “双边的；有两边的”；B选项 benign “良性的；和蔼的，亲切的；吉利的”；C选项 significant “重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的”；D选项 fundamental “基本的，根本的”。句意：两国元首的历史性会晤将有力地推动双边的关系和各层次合作。结合句意，A为正确答案。6.单选题There are many who believe that the use of force _ political ends can never be justified.问题1选项A.in search ofB.in pursuit ofC.in view ofD.in light of【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项 in search of “寻找”；B选项 in pursuit of “追求”；C选项 in view of “鉴于，由于”；D选项 in light of “根据”。句意：有许多人认为，为追求政治目的而使用武力永远是不正当的。根据句意可知B选项正确。7.单选题It is a classic case of the bored-housewife syndrome doing nothing all day but drink and go shopping.问题1选项A.hindranceB.synthesisC.systemD.symptoms or signs to form a recognizable pattern【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项 hindrance “障碍；妨碍；妨害；阻碍物”；B选项 synthesis “综合，化学 合成；综合体”；C选项 system “制度，体制；系统；方法”；D选项 symptoms or signs to form a recognizable pattern “形成可识别模式的症状或体征”。句意：这是一个典型的无聊家庭主妇综合症整天无所事事，只喝酒和购物。结合此处关键词 syndrome “临床 综合症状；并发症状；校验子；并发位”，得知B选项正确。8.单选题Although the study of animal communication has played a vital role in our understanding of human communication ever since the dawn of time, recent research in this area has revealed a number of striking similarities between animal and human communication. Researchers have discovered that animals 1 with humans a number of characteristics, including 2 associated with attraction and mating, territoriality, familiar ties, division of labor, and a number of other traits that we once 3 were uniquely “4”.For example, the 5 between squirrel monkey mothers and infants is not unlike that of human. When infants are separate from their mothers, they emit loud, easily 6, and individually recognizable sounds. 7, the mother can find her child and 8 its needs. 9, mother squirrel monkeys have their own form of “motherese ”, or adult speech that is 10 in order to communicate with their infants.问题1选项A.resembleB.shareC.contrastD.differ问题2选项A.whatB.thatC.thoseD.ones问题3选项A.assumedB.guessedC.justifiedD.reasoned问题4选项A.animalsB.humaneC.humanityD.human问题5选项A.bondB.tiesC.affectionD.joint问题6选项A.simulatedB.locatedC.situatedD.detected问题7选项A.In this wayB.ThusC.Because of thisD.Therefore问题8选项A.supplyB.helpC.getD.serve问题9选项A.ConverselyB.LikelyC.LikewiseD.Comparatively问题10选项A.alteredB.modifiedC.revisedD.adapted【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:A第6题:B第7题:A第8题:A第9题:C第10题:D【解析】1.考查动词词义辨析。A选项 resemble“ 类似”；B选项 share“共用”；C选项contrast“对比；对照；显出明显的差异”；D选项differ“不同”。句意：人类交流研究人员发现，动物和人类有许多共同的特征。这里是说动物和人类有许多共同的特征，由此可知B选项正确。2.考查非限定性定语从句。A选项 “what”以及B选项 “that”不能引导非限定制性定语从句，故排除A，B选项。选项D “ones” 只能作为代词，不能引导非限定性定语从句，故排除。因此选项C为正确答案。3.考查上下文语义辨析。A选项assumed“假设；（承担）责任”；B选项 guessed “猜想”；C选项justified“调整；证明正当”；D选项reasoned“说服”。上文说到研究者对动物交流的研究就在我们理解人类交流方面起着至关重要的作用，可推测此处应填研究者的推论，B选项guess指的是毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断，可排除，由此可知A选项正确。4.考查名词词义辨析。A选项 animals “动物，动物世界；牲畜”；B选项 humane “仁慈的，人道的；高尚的”；C选项 humanity“人道；仁慈；人文学科”；D选项 human“人类”。中文翻译为：我们猜想我们是独一无二的人类，判断出此处D选项正确。5.考查名词词义辨析。A选项 bond“纽带”；B选项ties “结”；C选项 affection “喜爱，感情；影响；感染”；D选项 joint“关节；接缝”。句意：松鼠猴的母亲和婴儿之间的纽带就像人类一样。判断出A项正确。6.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 simulated“ 模拟的；模仿的；仿造的”；B选项 located“ 处于，位于；坐落的”；C选项 situated“位于的；处于境遇的”；D选项 detected“检测到的”。根据下文，the mother can find her child（妈妈能找到她的孩子）。可知B选项正确。7.考查连词。A选项 In this way“这样；用这种方法”；B选项 Thus “因此；从而；这样；如此”；C选项 Because of this“因为这个”；D选项 Therefore“因此”。由上文“当婴儿与母亲分开时，他们会发出响亮的、容易定位的、单独可识别的声音”的这种方式，可推测A选项正确。8.考查动词词义。A选项 supply“供给，提供；补充”；B选项help“帮助”；C选项get “使得；获得；受到；变成”；D选项serve“ 招待，供应”。根据find“找到”以及后文its needs “它的需要”， D选项“serve”所提供的服务是虚拟的，A选项“supply”所提供的服务是现实的，可知A选项正确。9.考查副词词义辨析。A选项 Conversely“相反地”；B选项Likely“很可能；或许”；C选项Likewise“同样地；也”；D选项Comparatively“比较地；相当地”。联系下文mother squirrel monkeys have their own form of “motherese”.（松鼠猴妈妈有自己的妈妈语），可知C项正确。10.考查动词词义辨析。A选项 altered“改变，改动，修改”；B选项 modified“修改；更改”；C选项 revised“修改；校订；复习”；D选项adapted“ 使适应，改编”。根据上文mother squirrel monkeys have their own form of “motherese ”（松鼠猴妈妈也有自己的妈妈语），下文in order to communicate with their infants.（以便与婴儿交流），B选项modified强调细小的变化，常含“缓和”的意味，可排除，D选项adapted（适应，改编）符合题意，D选项正确。9.单选题Air attacks in Afghanistan are focused on airports and training camps to avoid civilian _.问题1选项A.involvementB.rebellionC.casualtiesD.anguish【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项involvement “参与；牵连；包含；混乱；财政困难” ；B选项rebellion “叛乱；反抗；谋反”；C选项 casualties“伤亡；人员伤亡”；D选项anguish“痛苦；苦恼”。句意：阿富汗的空袭主要集中在机场和训练营，以避免平民的。可推测为了不使平民受到伤亡，所以阿富汗的空袭主要集中在机场和训练营。结合此处语境，C选项正确。10.翻译题通过资料查阅、实地调研、数据分析和专家会商等途径，筛选出适用于该地区的古树健康诊断形态指标，确立各指标的分级依据，构建古树健康诊断标准，并依据该标准对滇中地区86株古树（树名暂略）的健康状况进行诊查。结果表明：古树的健康状况大多为良和一般，不同树种有些许差异，其结果与古树长势强弱成正相关,能够反映古树健康的真实状况，应用效果良好。此外，对影响古树健康状况的原因进行分析，并提出相应解决方法。【答案】By means of data consulting, field research, data analysis and expert consultation, this paper screened out the diagnostic morphological indexes of ancient trees suitable for this area, established the grading basis of each index, constructed the diagnostic criteria of ancient trees health, and based on the criteria, diagnosed the health status of 86 ancient trees (tree names are temporarily abbreviated) in central Yunnan. The results showed that the health status of ancient trees was mostly good and average, with some differences among different tree species. The results were positively correlated with the growth strength of ancient trees, which could reflect the real health status of ancient trees, and the application effect was good. In addition, the reasons that affect the health status of ancient trees are analyzed, and corresponding solutions are put forward.