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Period 2Understanding ideas课时作业(二)基础训练单词拼写1He _ (雕刻) these figures from single blocks of marble. 答案：sculpted2I felt _ (想家的) for Scotland.答案：homesick3Id recognize your handwriting any where it is _ (独特的)答案：unique4He looked at me and nodded, almost _ (看不出来)答案：invisibly5If we say to _ (上发条) up the meeting, we mean we bring an end to the meeting. 答案：wind单句语法填空1(2017全国卷)_ you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 答案：If设空处引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。2I know you have no trouble _ (find) your classmates address in the village.答案：findinghave (no) trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. “做某事(没)有困难”。3Neither Tom nor his parents _ (go) to spend their vacation this summer in China.答案：are goingneither . nor . 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近一致”原则，且根据时间状语this summer可知，应用一般将来时，故填are going。4That is _ all the girls in town follow you all around.答案：why此处为“That is why .”句型，why引导表语从句，在从句中表原因。5_ I was waiting for the train, I bought a magazine.答案：While/Whenwhile/when “当时”，引导时间状语从句。6Dont forget to fill _ your boarding cards.答案：in/outfill in/out “填写”。7We have been asked to come up _ some new ideas.答案：withcome up with “想出，提出”。8The alarm was timed to go _ at 12 oclock.答案：offgo off “(警报器)突然大作”。9I always said Jacky would wind _ in prison.答案：upwind up为常用短语，意为“以告终，使(活动、会议等)结束”。10Lets burn _ all this waste paper.答案：upburn up “烧毁，烧掉”。思维训练阅读理解ACan you remember the day when you spoke your first word? If you can, you are unusual. Try to imagine what the first few months of your life were like. I am sure you just spent most of your time eating, sleeping and crying. As you grew older, you were awake more of the time. It took your parents more time to play with you and talk to you. You watched and listened curiously. You began to know that people made certain sounds to go with certain things.Then you began to try making the sounds you heard. And step by step, you were able to make the right sound for one thing.On that day you came to understand the secret of language. The secret is that a certain sound means a certain thing. One sound might be as good as another. But it is no good as a word unless everybody agrees on its meaning. Only when a group of people use the same set of sounds of things, can they understand each other. Then, and only then do these people have a LANGUAGE.After you found the secret of language, you learnt words. Some of the words mean things, such as BOOKS, CHAIRS and SHOES. Some words mean doing things, such as GO and SWIM. And other words describe things, such as GOOD and DIRTY. Soon you learnt to put words together to express your idea, such as “I want to go out and play with my friends.” This is language. By means of language people can communicate. So we say languages are means of communication.1When you were a little baby, you _.Acame to understand the secret of languageBspent most of your time playing with your parentsCcould not hear any sound around youDspent most of your time eating, sleeping and crying答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“I am sure you just spent most of your time eating, sleeping and crying.”可知，刚出生的婴儿多数时候都在吃、睡和哭。故选D项。2The secret of language is that _.Aone sound might be as good as anotherBpeople can understand each otherCa certain sound is for a certain thingDthere is a special sound for each person答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The secret is that a certain sound means a certain thing.”可知，语言的秘密在于特定的声音意味着特定的事物。故选C项。3The aim of using language is _.Ato get everything one wants from othersBto say what one wants to knowCto share ideas, opinions, news, etc with one anotherDto show one is as good as another答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“By means of language people can communicate. So we say languages are means of communication.”可知，语言是一种交流工具，使用语言的目的是和他人分享想法、意见、消息等。故选C项。BMany people have tried to simplify (简化) the spelling of English words. Unlike other languages, English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways. For example, there is “light” but “white”， “loan” but “phone”， and there are at least seven different ways of pronouncing “ough”： “though”， “through”， “bough”， “cough”， “enough”， “ought” and “thorough”. The American President Theodore Roosevelt almost succeeded in simplifying English spelling. In 1906, Andrew Carnegie started the Simplified Spelling Board. He was one of the richest men in the United States of America. The boards plan was to make the spelling of words nearer to the way they sound. For example, the word “though” would be spelt “tho” and “through” would become “thru”. Other people on the board were Melvil Dewey, the head of the New York libraries, and Professor Brander Matthews of Columbia University. They explained their idea to President Roosevelt, who thought that it was indeed logical. He immediately asked the government printer to use simplified spelling in all government letters.But people didnt like the change, even if it made life easier. So the new simpler spelling was not popular. More importantly, when the American politicians (政客) discussed the plan, they did not like it either. Because Roosevelt did not want to have any problems with the politicians, he changed his mind and told the printer to go back to the old way of spelling.Since then no one in any government has dared to simplify English spelling. However, people do simplify some words, mainly in advertisements. For example, we often see “tonite” instead of “tonight” and “thru” instead of “through”.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一直以来，有很多人致力于简化英语拼写。美国总统西奥多罗斯福和钢铁大王安德鲁卡内基就曾一起进行过拼写改革。4Many people have tried to simplify English spelling because _.AEnglish words are too long to rememberBthere are many mistakes in English wordsClots of words are spelt in many different waysDsometimes the same sounds have different spellings答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Unlike other languages, English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways.”可知，人们试图简化英语拼写是因为英语单词有时候同样的发音会有不同的拼写。5What was Theodore Roosevelts attitude towards simplified spelling?AWorried. BSupportive. CUncertain. DDoubtful.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“They explained their idea to President Roosevelt, who thought that it was indeed logical. He immediately . ”可知，罗斯福对简化英语拼写持支持态度。6According to the passage, simplified spelling _.Awas welcomed by the US politiciansBchanged the way the words soundChas been used widely for over a centuryDwas first used in US government letters答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He immediately asked the government printer to use simplified spelling in all government letters.”可知，简化拼写首先是在美国政府信函中使用的。7Roosevelts plan to simplify English spelling _.Afailed in the end Bproved quite successfulCwon wide support Dinfluenced English greatly答案：A推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“he changed his mind and told the printer to go back to the old way of spelling”可知，罗斯福的拼写改革计划最终失败了。CAs parents, if you want to keep your children learning over this summer break, here is an idea. Parents and children can learn a second language together. No need to spend any money or sign up for a class. The Internet and the library are the only essentials (必需品) that are needed.Together parents and children can select a second language that they can learn together. Once a language has been chosen, begin to search the Internet to find out much information about the history of that language and where it comes from. Then go to the library to check out books, videos, and audiotape on learning to speak that language. Together, read the books, watch the videos, and listen to the audiotape, while practicing, speaking and writing the new language to each other.Parents and children can use their new language in the following ways. For example, go to a restaurant where that language is spoken. In addition, have daily conversations with the newly learned second language. By learning and using this language, it builds a bond (联系) between the parents and the children. Moreover, it promotes (促进) learning in a fun way during the summer break.Furthermore, you can click https：/translate, google. com, which is a great online resource to use when learning to speak a second language. This is an excellent Google free online translation service that allows people to select their first language and the second language that they are learning and to translate quickly. For example, if a persons primary language is English and the second language that hes learning is French, he can put in words or sentences in English and it will translate them into French quickly. In a word, learning a second language can be fun for all ages.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。漫长的暑假是家长和孩子们待在一起的好时机，家长不妨利用这个机会和孩子们一起学习一门外语。8Once you have decided to learn a second language, _.Ayou must sign up for a classByou should buy some related booksCyou can turn to a teacher for help Dyou can visit a library free of charge答案：D细节理解题。从第一段内容可知，与孩子一起学习外语，不必花钱或是报班，互联网和图书馆可以免费提供帮助。故选D项。9Which of the following can help learn a second language according to the passage?ABooks and cameras. BAudiotape and plays.CVideos and audiotape. DBooks and phones.答案：C细节理解题。文章第二段提到学习外语时可以从图书馆借书、录像带和录音磁带，故应选C项。10As parents and kids learn a language together, _.Athey can possibly become the best language usersBthey can go to different kinds of restaurants togetherCthey can improve their abilities as soon as possibleDthey can get along better with each other than ever答案：D细节理解题。从文章第三段中的“it builds a bond (联系) between the parents and the children”可知，通过和孩子一起学外语，父母和孩子们之间的关系会更融洽。故选D项。应用文写作假设你是高中生李华，欲给你的外教Mr Smith提英语作文的教学建议。请按下列提示，写一封建议信。要点：1希望多讲些有关语法规范的知识以避免在作文中常常出现语法错误；2如何避免行文结构混乱，希望得到指导。注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Mr Smith， Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear Mr Smith，Im writing to enlist your professional assistance in English. As you may know, grammatical mistakes frequently occur in my articles, preventing my ideas from being conveyed precisely and accurately. And whats worse, due to my lack of grammatical knowledge, errors easily hide themselves, which slowed down my pace of progress. Therefore, I would be extremely grateful if you could shift the focus to grammar so that errors can ultimately drift away from me.Besides, another challenge Im confronted with is how to keep my ideas well organized. Because of this, my article loses its appeal to readers. So, could you please also offer some guidance in terms of article construction? Heartfelt thanks!Yours，Li Hua- 8 -
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