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课 时 作 业 31.阅读理解(2019绥德中学高三阶段性测试)Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent. A new study suggests that camping in the great outdoors for a couple of days can reset your body clock and help you get more sleep.The body clock is an internal system that tells our bodies when its time to go to sleep and when its time to wake up. Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin (褪黑激素) circulating in a persons blood at any given time.In a healthy sleeper, melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime, stay high through the night, and then settle back down when its time to wake up.In our modern society, however, most of us stay up many hours past sunset and would probably sleep in many hours after sunrise if we could. And the trouble is, your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning, which leads to fatigue. It may also have other health consequences as well, such as diabetes(糖尿病), overweight and heart disease.Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature. His team recruited(招募)fourteen physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s. Nine went on a weekend camping trip, while the other five stayed home. At the end of the weekend, the researchers reported that in just two days, the campers body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast, the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend.“This tells us we can reset our clocks fast，”Wright said.Therefore, if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night. And if that doesnt work, theres always camping.本文为说明文。生物钟对人体的影响很大。生物钟如遭到破坏，可能会影响人的健康，如患糖尿病，身体肥胖，心脏病，尤其是影响我们的睡眠。一项新研究称几天的户外露营便可以重启你的生物钟，帮助你改善睡眠。1What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?ATo explain how a lack of sleep is bad for our health.BTo inform us of a possible way to adjust the body clock.CTo analyze how the body clock influences our sleeping habits.DTo explore how the body clock is connected with melatonin levels.答案：B解析：推理判断题。第一段中的A new study suggests that camping in the great outdoors for a couple of days can reset your body clock and help you get more sleep. 一项新的研究表明，在户外露营几天可以重置你的生物钟，帮助你获得更多的睡眠。及最后一段Therefore，if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night. And if that doesnt work，theres always camping. 因此，如果你想改变你的睡眠模式，你可以试着增加白天暴露在自然光下的量，减少晚上看到的灯光的量。如果这不起作用，还可以露营。由此可知这是告诉我们一种调节人的生物钟的方法。B正确。2The underlined word “fatigue” in Paragraph 4 probably means“_”AtirednessBexcitementCrefreshmentDpressure答案：A解析：猜测词义题。结合第四段中的your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning 早上闹钟响起的时候，体内的褪黑激素还依然保持较高水平，因此就会使人感到劳累。可知“fatigue”指的是疲劳的。A正确。3What did Wrights team discover from their experiment?AThe body clocks of the two groups didnt show much difference.BThe body clocks of those who stayed at home remained the same.CThose staying outdoors reset the clock inside their bodies over a short period.DChanges to the body clock dont necessarily affect melatonin levels in our bodies.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据五段中的At the end of the weekend，the researchers reported that in just two days，the campers body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast，the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend. 周末结束时，研究人员报告说，仅仅两天内，露营者的生物钟就改变了，褪黑激素水平比他们出门旅行前提前了一个多小时开始上升。由此可判断出Wright的团队经过对比两组人群的睡眠表现发现，我们可以在短时间内调整生物钟。故选C项。4According to the passage, to change our sleeping habit, wed better _.Aset an alarm clock to wake us up on time in the morningBtry to reduce melatonin levels as much as possible at nightCspend several weeks staying in the open air every now and thenDget exposed to more natural light in the day but less artificial light at night答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night.得知，白天暴露在自然光下，晚上减少可见的人造光线，就可以改善我们的睡眠习惯。D项符合题意。.完形填空(2019新余四中高三段考)An American businessman who travelled in southern Mexico met with one young Mexican fisherman rowing a small boat at the dock (码头)Inside the boat were several large _1_. Enjoying the warmth of the sun, the American _2_ the Mexican for the quality of his fish. He thought they must bring the Mexican lots of money.“How long did it take you to _3_ them？” the American asked.“Oh, a few hours，” the Mexican fisherman _4_.“Why dont you _5_ longer and catch more fish？” the businessman then asked.The Mexican answered, “With these fish I have more than enough to _6_ my family.”The businessman then became _7_， “But what do you do with the rest of your _8_ ？”With a smile, the fisherman answered, “I _9_ with my children, watch ballgames, see my friends, sing songs.”The American businessman cut in, “Look, I have an MBA, and I can help you _10_ more money. You can start by fishing several hours longer every day. You can then sell the _11_ fish you catch. With the money, you can buy a bigger boat, then a third one, and so on, _12_ you have an entire fleet (船队) of fishing boats. You could leave your village and move to a big city, where you could even further _13_ your business. Finally, youll be able to set up your company and become very _14_. What do you think？”Having never _15_ such things, the Mexican fisherman asked, “Really? _16_ would I do with it all？”The businessman said proudly, “Then you could _17_ retire (退休) with all the money. You could _18_ to your peaceful fishing village where you could play with your grandchildren, and watch ballgames. And you could _19_ your friends often and sing with them.”The story tells us: Know what really matters in life, and you may find that it is already much _20_ than you think.本文主要讲述要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或许会发现你距离你的目标可能更近了，人要知足常乐。1A.equipmentBclothCwoodDfish答案：D解析：考查名词。A.equipment设备；B.cloth衣服；C.wood木头；D.fish鱼。句意：船里有几条大鱼。因为上文说的是墨西哥人是渔民。故选D。2A.terrifiedBpraisedCpuzzledDspotted答案：B解析：考查动词。A.terrified恐吓；B.praised表扬；C.puzzled使困惑；D.spotted弄脏。句意：享受着温暖的阳光，那个美国人夸奖了墨西哥人他的鱼的质量。故选B。3A.catchBeatCfeedDsell答案：A解析：考查动词。A.catch抓到；B.eat吃；C.feed喂；D.sell卖。句意：你花了多长时间抓到了这些鱼？故选A。4A.agreedBdoubtedCrepliedDpromised答案：C解析：考查动词。A.agreed同意；B.doubted怀疑；C.replied回复；D.promised许诺。根据上句“How long did it take you to _3_ them？” the American asked.可知，你花费了多长时间抓到了这些鱼？这是美国人问的问题，墨西哥人要作出回答。故选C。5A.give upBdig downCsettle backDstay out答案：D解析：考查动词短语。A.give up放弃；B.dig down掘倒；C.settle back安顿下来；D.stay out在外逗留。句意：你为什么不在外面多留一段时间，抓更多的鱼？故选D。6A.avoidBsupportCshowDunderstand答案：B解析：考查动词。A.avoid避免；B.support支持；C.show展示；D.understand理解。句意：用这些鱼，我已经足够养我的家了。故选B。7A.angryBseriousCexcitedDsad答案：B解析：考查形容词。A.angry生气的；B.serious严肃的；C.excited 激动的；D.sad难过的。根据下句But what do you do with the rest of your _8_ ？可知，但是你剩余的时间做什么呢？说明美国商人非常严肃。故选B。8A.timeBmoneyCfoodDwork答案：A解析：考查名词。A.time时间；B.money金钱；C.food食物；D.work工作。句意：但是你剩余的时间做什么呢？故选A。9A.fightBdealCplayDmeet答案：C解析：考查动词。A.fight战斗；B.deal对付；C.play玩；D.meet 遇到。句意：我和孩子们玩，看足球比赛，看望我的朋友，唱歌。故选C。10A.spendBborrowCmakeDsave答案：C解析：考查动词。A.spend花费；B.borrow借；C.make赚得；D.save节省。句意：我能帮助你挣更多的钱。故选C。11A.smallBdeadCextraDlast答案：C解析：考查形容词。A.small小的；B.dead死的；C.extra额外的；D.last最后的。根据上句 You can start by fishing several hours longer every day.可知，你可以每天多捕鱼几小时，然后把额外的鱼卖掉。故选C。12A.untilBthoughCbecauseDif答案：A解析：考查连词。A.until直到；B.though尽管；C.because因为；D.if如果。根据上句With the money, you can buy a bigger boat, then a third one, and so on可知，用这些钱去买一艘大船，然后更多的船，直到你拥有整个船队。故选A。13A.startBexpandCleaveDplan答案：B解析：考查动词。A.start开始；B.expand扩大；C.leave离开；D.plan计划。句意：在大城市你可以把你的生意扩大。故选B。14A.richBconfidentChealthyDclever答案：A解析：考查形容词。A.rich富的；B.confident自信的；C.healthy健康的；D.clever聪明的。句意：你将建立你的公司，变得更富有。故选A。15A.relied onBsuffered fromCthought ofDset down答案：C解析：考查动词短语。A.relied on依靠；B.suffered from患；C.thought of想过；D.set down放下。根据下句“Really”可知，墨西哥人没有想过那个问题。故选C。16A.WhatBWhenCWhereDWhy答案：A解析：考查连词。A.What什么；B.When什么时候；C.Where 哪里；D.Why为什么。句意：我用那些钱干什么呢？故选A。17A.regretfullyBhappilyCcarefullyDtiredly答案：B解析：考查副词。A.regretfully遗憾地；B.happily幸福地；C.carefully仔细地；D.tiredly疲惫地。句意：你能够拥有所有的钱幸福地退休。故选B。18A.devoteBleadCreturnDrefer答案：C解析：考查动词。A.devote捐献；B.lead带领；C.return返回；D.refer所指。句意：你可以回到渔村和你的子孙一起玩。故选C。19A.judgeBvisitCremindDfind答案：B解析：考查动词。A.judge判断；B.visit拜访；C.remind提醒；D.find发现。句意：你能够经常去拜访你的朋友，同他们一起唱歌。故选B。20A.closerBsimplerCslowerDwider答案：A解析：考查形容词。A.closer更近的；B.simpler更简单的；C.slower更慢的；D.wider更广的。句意：这个故事告诉我们：要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或许会发现你距离你的目标可能更近了。故选A。.语法填空(2019湛江市高三调研考试)Do you like traveling? _1_ (stay) healthy while traveling can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.If you are traveling abroad，here are the tips you need to make your tip much _2_ (easy)Make sure you have got a signed passport and a visa.Also, _3_ you go，fill in the emergency information page of your passport！Make two copies of your passport identification page.This will help a lot if your passport _4_ (steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives.Carry the other _5_ you in a separate place from your passport.Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit.Get _6_ (you) familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to _7_ you are traveling.Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行计划)with your family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of _8_ emergency.Do not accept packages from strangers.Do not carry too much money or _9_ (necessary) credit cards.If we make enough preparations，we will _10_ (success). Have a good timer.文章讲述了我们如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要注意放松，不要太累；其次要有好的睡眠；同时还要吃健康的食物，只有这样才能好好地享受旅游。1Staying/To_stay解析：此处是动名词或动词不定式作主语，故答案为Staying/To stay。2easier解析：much放在比较级前面，修饰比较级加强语气。可知答案为easier。3before解析：句意：在你去以前，填写护照的紧急情况信息页。此处是before引导的时间状语从句，答案为before。4is_stolen解析：主句用一般将来时态，则从句要用一般现在时态，passport和steal之间是被动关系，所以此空用一般现在时态的被动语态，答案为is stolen。5with解析：carry sth. with sb.某人随身携带，可知答案为with。6yourself解析：句意：使你自己熟悉你要旅游国家的法律和风俗习惯。根据句意可知用反身代词，答案为yourself。7which解析：句意：使你自己熟悉你要旅游国家的法律和风俗习惯。此处countries作先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作介词to的宾语，可知答案为which。8an解析：句意：万一需要急救。emergency以元音音素开头，故填an。9unnecessary解析：句意：不要携带太多的钱和没必要的信用卡。答案为unnecessary。10succeed解析：句意：我们将成功。will后面跟动词原形。可知答案为succeed。.短文改错(2019石嘴山一中高三月考)Dear Mr Zhang，Known that our school is going to set up elective (选修的) English courses, Id like to give some advices. English VisualAudioOral Course is a good choice. Most of us are interested at English videos and songs, that provide us with great images and beautiful music to listen to. As result, we can enjoy some local customs and singing English songs with joy. In addition, we need to improve our oral English. When we are always learning English, we may not be able to make a fluent speech. We cant easy communicate with others like native speakers. That is why I suggested taking a Speech Course. Ill be glad that if you can consider my suggestions.Yours，Li Hua答案Dear Mr Zhang， that our school is going to set up elective (选修的) English courses, Id like to give some . English VisualAudioOral Course is a good choice. Most of us are interested English videos and songs, provide us with great images and beautiful music to listen to. As result, we can enjoy some local customs and English songs with joy. In addition, we need to improve our oral English. we are always learning English, we may not be able to make a fluent speech. We cant communicate with others like native speakers. That is why I taking a Speech Course. Ill be glad if you can consider my suggestions.Yours，Li Hua8
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