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妙记9 彰显水平的特殊句式(强调、倒装和省略)特殊句式是英语中的高级表达，其中，强调、倒装句型和省略是最为常见的特殊句式，它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。一、重点突出的强调句型强调句型可强调除谓语动词和表语外的其他任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。强调句型的灵活运用不仅有助于增强表达效果，突出要强调的重点，更能彰显考生对英语表达的把握能力。其基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部分。It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided.(2017浙江高考读后续写)正是由于他们的帮助，才避免了一场灾难。It is not only your enthusiasm but also your teamwork and good spirits that impress us.(2016天津高考书面表达)不仅是你们的热情，而且你们的团队合作和良好的精神状态给我们留下了深刻的印象。在写作中，我们可以通过使用强调句型将句子提高到一个新的档次。1It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部分It is because its a good chance for you to learn the natural knowledge of China and make new friends that we really wish you can join us.(2017浙江高考应用文写作)这是因为它是你学习中国的自然知识和结交新朋友的好机会，我们真的希望你能加入我们。2Is/Was it被强调部分that/who句子其他部分？Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?正是在那个公园里孩子们看见了那些奇怪的绿色物体吗？3特殊疑问词is/was it被强调部分that/who句子其他部分？When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher?是什么时候你下定决心要当一名志愿者老师的？4It is/was not until . that .“直到才”It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.直到到家三十分钟后他才发现他的包落在出租车里了。5强调谓语时，用助动词do/does/didWe did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future.(2015北京高考满分作文)我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。即时演练用强调句型进行句型转换1By the way, I hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability, especially the proper use of vocabulary and some important grammar.(强调谓语) _By_the_way,_I_do_hope_that_you_can_help_me_improve_my_English_writing_ability,_especially_the_proper_use_of_vocabulary_and_some_important_grammar.(2015四川高考书面表达)2The teachers praise contributes to my success.(强调主语)It_is_the_teachers_praise_that_contributes_to_my_success.(2015湖南高考满分作文) 3We spend the time and energy on the present that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.(强调宾语)It_is_the_time_and_energy_we_spend_on_the_present_that_makes_it_valuable_rather_than_the_money_we_pay.(2014重庆高考满分作文)二、平衡句子的倒装句型在写作中，倒装句型应用比较广泛，涉及的句型主要包括部分倒装和全部倒装。1“only状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。Only in this way can we students study happily and effectively.(2015湖南高考满分作文)只有用这种方式，我们学生才能愉快、有效地学习。2none, neither, nor, not, never, hardly, little, seldom等否定词，以及表示否定意义的介词短语如at no time, by no means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。Hardly/No sooner had we arrived at the activity center when/than we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.我们一到达活动中心就报名参加健步走比赛。3在so/such . that .结构中，当so/such .位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.他开车如此粗心，以至于差点把自己害死了。4as/though“尽管”Try as she might, Mary couldnt get the door open.无论玛丽怎样努力，她就是打不开门。5Were/Should/Had .“如果”Were I two years younger, I would do something.如果我年轻两岁，我可能会采取某种行动。Looking back, I feel I wouldnt be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.(2014福建高考书面表达)回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。6here, there, now, then, out, in, around, up, down, on the wall, in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用全部倒装。In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.(2015上海高考满分作文)在图画中，三个学生围坐在桌子周围，桌子上有三本书。For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了大家一起喊叫的声音。即时演练用倒装句型进行句型转换1(2016北京高考书面表达)His poems not only have a strong influence on the Chinese literature, but also they have been translated into many foreign languages.Not_only_do_his_poems_have_a_strong_influence_on_the_Chinese_literature,_but_also_they_have_been_translated_into_many_foreign_languages.2(2016天津高考书面表达)You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are. So_kind_and_considerate_are_you_that_we_hope_to_be_friends_with_you_no_matter_where_you_are.3The children can grow up to be mentally and physically healthy only in this way.Only_in_this_way_can_the_children_grow_up_to_be_mentally_and_physically_healthy.4He didnt begin to know how important the family was for him until he left his home.Not_until_he_left_his_home_did_he_begin_to_know_how_important_the_family_was_for_him.5A group of young men rushed out, still discussing the performance with great interest.Out_rushed_a_group_of_young_men,_still_discussing_the_performance_with_great_interest.三、简洁明了的省略结构省略句的5种常见类型：1祈使句中通常省略主语、谓语的一部分、表语等重复的部分。(It) Sounds like a good idea.听上去是一个好办法。Are you thirsty?Yes, I am (thirsty)你口渴吗？是的，我很渴。Lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.让我们还在昨天的老地方见面。2两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。My brother is a doctor and my sisterinlaw (is) a lawyer.我哥哥是医生，我嫂子是律师。3在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中和though, although引导的让步状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语be”部分。Unless (he is) invited, he wont come.除非邀请他，否则他不会来。If (it is) possible, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city.如果可能的话，我将去探望市里的几家敬老院。4在限制性定语从句中，关系代词that, which, whom充当宾语，而且前面无介词时可省略。He lost the watch (that/which) he bought yesterday.他丢了他昨天买的那块表。5单独使用不定式符号to代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish等词后；或放在表示情绪的某些形容词后，代替被省略的动词，常见词有：glad, happy, pleased等，但是，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been时，则要保留be, have, have been。Will you please look after my house when Im away?Im glad to (look after your house when youre away)当我不在时，你能照看一下我家吗？我愿意。Your work hasnt been handed in, but it ought to have been.你的工作还没有交上来，但是本应该交上来了。即时演练用省略结构翻译下列句子1我们的家乡不再是以前的样子了。Our_hometown_is_no_longer_what_it_used_to_be.2我有困难时总是向她求助。When_in_trouble,_I_always_turn_to_her_for_help.3最大的海洋与整个地球的大小比较起来算不了什么。When_compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the_biggest_ocean_doesnt_seem_big_at_all.4那就是我想要读的那本书。That_is_the_book_I_want_to_read.5你介意照看我的猫吗？不，我愿意。Would_you_mind_looking_after_my_cat?Yes,_Id_love_to.- 5 -
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