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阅读理解专题突破练6第一节A体裁:记叙文词数:313用时:7分钟(2018河北名校联盟联考)Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”.I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words,because they convey regrets,lost opportunities,mistakes,and disappointment.My father is famous in our family for saying,“Take the extra minute to do it right.”I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule.When my children were young and likely to cause accidents,I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment,whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter,or something that required a little more work such as taping padding(衬垫) onto the sharp comers of a glass coffee table.I dont only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety.Its equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships.We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had forgone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”.When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday,I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldnt be here.But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldnt miss an opportunity to see him.I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something,but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality.And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right,or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection,I know that Im doing the right thing.Im buying myself peace of mind and thats the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.【解题导语】“我”认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是“if only”,因为它们表达了遗憾。父亲在“我”小时候经常告诉我们花费额外的时间也要把事情做好以避免遗憾,“我”听从父亲的建议并认为这样做是对的。1.Why does the writer regard “if only” as two of the saddest words in the English language?A.Because people use them when they feel sad.B.Because they express regrets and disappointment in life.C.Because they remind the writer of some sad experiences.D.Because they mean sadness in the English language.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段中的“Two of the saddest words in the English language are if only.because they convey regrets,lost opportunities,mistakes,and disappointment.”可知,“我”认为英语中最令人伤心的两个词是“if only”,因为这两个词表达了后悔、丢失的机会、错误和失望,故选B项。2.Whats the meaning of the underlined word “forgone” in Paragraph 3?A.Given up.B.Come across.C.Got through.D.Held back.答案A解析词义猜测题。该词所在的句子表达的意思是:我们都认识这样的人,他们在失去所爱之人后会后悔错失了说“我爱你”或“我原谅你”的机会。所以画线词表示“失去”,和短语give up意思接近。故选A项。3.The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to .A.see a doctorB.finish her workC.join a celebrationD.accompany her father答案D解析细节理解题。题干中的关键信息“decided to go to her office”对应原文中的“I had decided to go to work”,由此定位到倒数第二段。从倒数第二段可以看出,“我”知道父亲要去自己办公室对面看眼科医生时,本来打算按原计划休假,但突然意识到父亲已经84岁了,所以“我”决定即便是自己的休息日,为了陪父亲,也会去上班。故选D项。4.What is the best title for the passage?A.Advice from My FatherB.Avoidance of Saying “If Only”C.The “Extra Minute” RuleD.The Importance of Emotional Well-being答案B解析主旨大意题。根据首尾段的第一句话及文章大意可知,本文主要是针对避免说英语中最伤心的两个词“if only”进行阐述的,所以B项“避免说if only”符合全文内容。B体裁:记叙文词数:252用时:6分钟(2017河北石家庄质量检测二)Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina.We were there,as mental health professionals,to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.As we walked in the gate to the shelter,we were greeted with a burst of gratitude(感激)from the first person we met.I felt appreciated,but also guilty,because I hadnt really done anything yet.I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friends mother passed away unexpectedly.I received a call saying she had just passed away.I wanted to rush down there immediately,but didnt want to intrude(打扰)on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.Another friend with me then said,“Just go.Just be there.”I did,and I will never regret it.Since then,I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others.Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying.He was not awake,and obviously unaware of others presence.However,the atmosphere was by no means solemn.His family,playing guitars and singing,allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.In my life,I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.In it,none of us are truly alone.It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。5.Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?A.He built shelters for them.B.He gave immediate first aid to them.C.He came to stay with them.D.He brought mental health professionals.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“We were there, as mental health professionals,to offer psychological first aidand I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.”可知,因为在他们受灾时“我”和他们在一起,所以他们感激“我”,故C项正确。6.What did the author do when his friends mother passed away?A.He hesitated over whether to go.B.He went to his friends at once.C.He knew what to do instantly.D.He decided not to disturb his friend.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately,but didnt want to intrude on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.”可知,“我”想要立即去朋友那里,但又不愿意去打扰朋友,据此可知,当朋友的母亲去世时,“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。7.What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Heavy but warm.B.A little sad but cosy.C.Relaxing and delightful.D.Very serious and unhappy.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“His family,playing guitars and singing”可知,男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌;结合画线词所在句中的“However.no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying”可以判断,在家人的陪伴下,气氛并不悲伤和严肃,据此可以判断,画线词意为“严肃的”,故D项正确。8.What has the author learned from his experience?A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.B.Being present can make a big difference.C.The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.D.Being a volunteer can make ones life more significant.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.In it,none of us are truly alone.”并结合第二段的第一句可知,从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义,故B项正确。 A项意为“患难见真情”,C项意为“家庭和谐是人生最幸福的事情”,D项意为“做志愿者能让人的生活更有意义”,都与文意不符。C体裁:说明文词数:386用时:8分钟(2017辽宁沈阳教学质量监测一)Youll probably never go to Mars or sing on the stage with the Rolling Stones.But if virtual reality(VR) ever lives up to its promise,you might be able to do all these thingsand many morewithout even leaving your home.Unlike real reality,virtual reality means simulating(模仿) bits of our world.Apart from games and entertainment,its long been used for training airline pilots and surgeons and for helping scientists to figure out complex problems such as the structure of protein molecules.Then how does it work?Close your eyes and think of virtual reality and you probably picture something like this:a man wearing a wrap-around headset and data gloves wired into a powerful workstation or supercomputer.What distinguishes VR from an ordinary computer experience is the nature of the input and output.Where an ordinary computer uses things like a keyboard,mouse,or speech recognition for input,VR uses sensors that detect how your body is moving.And where a PC displays output on a screen,VR uses two screens(one for each eye),surround-sound speakers,and maybe some forms of touch and body feedback as well.VR has been routinely used by scientists,doctors,dentists,engineers,architects,archaeologists,and the military for about the last 30 years.Difficult and dangerous jobs are hard to train for.How can you safely practice taking a trip to space,making a parachute jump,or carrying out brain surgery?All these things are obvious candidates for virtual reality applications.Like any technology,virtual reality has both good and bad points.Critics always raise the risk that people may be addicted to alternative realities to the point of ignoring their real-world livesbut that criticism has been leveled at everything from radio and TV to computer games and the Internet.Like many technologies,VR takes little or nothing away from the real world:you dont have to use it if you dont want to.【解题导语】本文介绍了“虚拟现实”的工作原理、在不同领域的应用以及人们对这一技术的评价。9.What equipment do we need for virtual reality?A.A keyboard,a headset and a supercomputer.B.A headset,data gloves and a supercomputer.C.A headset,data gloves and a speech recognition.D.A keyboard,a mouse and a speech recognition.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“.you probably picture something like this:a man wearing a wrap-around headset and data gloves wired into a powerful workstation or supercomputer.”可知,“虚拟现实”所需要的硬件设备有耳机、数据手套和超级电脑。故B项正确。10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.The advantages of virtual reality.B.The influences of virtual reality.C.The importance of virtual reality.D.The applications of virtual reality.答案D解析段落大意题。通读第三段可知,第三段最后一句“All these things are obvious candidates for virtual reality applications.”为该段的主题句,据此可知,该段主要介绍了“虚拟现实”在各个领域的应用,故D项正确。11.What is the writers attitude towards VR?A.Cautious.B.Appreciative.C.Doubtful.D.Uninterested.答案B解析观点态度题。本文第一段介绍了“虚拟现实”的作用;第三段介绍了“虚拟现实”在各个领域的应用;文章最后一句给出了作者的观点:正如许多技术一样,“虚拟现实”不会从现实世界中带走什么,如果你不想用可以不用。据此可知,作者对“虚拟现实”是欣赏的,故B项正确。12.According to the passage,virtual reality means .A.experiencing things that dont really existB.creating something that doesnt existC.imagining beautiful things in our mindD.cloning something that has died out答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段尤其是第三句“Unlike real reality,virtual reality means simulating bits of our world.”可知,“虚拟现实”是可以让人们体验到不存在的事物的一种技术,故A项正确。D体裁:记叙文词数:341用时:8分钟This rainy afternoon I decided to visit the Great North Museum.Walking into the building,I just felt excited,looking forward to what I was going to find out in the visit,something I would like to share with my beloved husband when I got home.Just as I walked past the Chinese Antique Porcelain section,one collection caught my eyes and heart very much:a Chinese plate with a drawing of a garden scene with two ladies,a child,a dog and a willow,very beautiful and unique.It reminded me that my mum used to have a similar plate like that;of course it was not from the Ming Dynasty,but we had plates and bowls of a similar design, following and serving us for many years.I still remember every day Mum was busy cooking for eight of us.While waiting for the dinner to be ready,we would play in the garden,jumping up and down,with the family dogs and cats also running around.When the dinner was ready,we all ran over to the big round table,everyone holding a bowl with rice,and chopsticks,getting ready to fight for the food on the table.My mum normally would prepare five or six dishes served with those beautiful Chinese plates.The noises of chatting mixed with the warm heat,sweat,and wind blowing would slowly accompany the sun setting down.The pleasant evening would come and purple and blue colored the sky.Mums face was full of shine and happiness;she loved to see us finish all her dishes.She would always be the last person to eat,and basically the last to clear the leftovers.Mum always put herself last and the children first.Then I moved away and lived so far from her,but the food that she prepared always stays in my heart,and I always remember the beautiful Chinese plates.Plates for many people can be just tools to serve food,nothing more than that.But for me they are not plates;for me they are a memory.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者去博物馆参观时回想起过去和家人一起吃晚饭的美好时光。13.Why did the Chinese plate in the Museum draw the authors attention?A.Because its pattern and design were elegant.B.Because it called up her previous experience.C.Because she could share it with her husband.D.Because she remembered Mum had the same plate.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二、三段的整体内容,并结合最后一段可推知,博物馆的瓷盘子吸引作者的原因是它引起了作者的美好回忆,故选B项。14.What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?A.She didnt want to help her mother cook dinner.B.She used to fight against her families for more food.C.Her family enjoyed a warm and happy dinner atmosphere.D.Her mum would serve precious dishes with Chinese plates.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段的“The pleasant evening would come and purple and blue colored the sky.Mums face was full of shine and happiness;she loved to see us finish all her dishes.”可推知,作者一家非常享受温暖且愉快的晚餐氛围,故选C项。15.How does the author sound while telling the story?A.Touched.B.Excited.C.Pleased.D.Encouraged.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,作者因一个类似的盘子勾起的美好回忆而深受感动,故选A项。touched“受感动的”。第二节体裁:说明文词数:301用时:7分钟Chopsticks1.When were chopsticks invented?In fact,before the invention of chopsticks,Chinese ancestors actually used hands to eat,but how did they eat soup and porridge?16Chinese started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago in the Shang Dynasty.2.Who invented chopsticks?The records of using chopsticks have been found in many written books but lack physical evidence.However,many stories are about the invention of chopsticks.One says that Jiang Ziya,an ancient wise man,created chopsticks.17 But there is no exact history record about the invention.We can only say that smart ancient Chinese invented chopsticks.3.How to use Chinese chopsticksUsing two slim sticks to pick up food is actually not difficult.You can do it if you practice it for some time,even if you are a foreigner.The key to managing chopsticks is keeping one chopstick in position while moving the other to pick up food.184.Chopsticks mannersChopsticks are usually held in the right hand,and left-handed chopstick use is considered as improper in China.Playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite.195.The philosophy of Chinese chopsticksChinese philosopher Confucius advised people to use chopsticks instead of knives because the metal knives remind people of cold weapons,which mean killing and violence.6.A chopsticks-themed museum can be found in ShanghaiIf you are truly interested in chopsticks,you can pay a visit to the Shanghai Chopsticks Museum.The museum gathered more than 1,200 pairs of chopsticks from China,Japan,Thailand and other countries.20A.Chopsticks were introduced to many other neighbor countries due to their lightness and convenience.B.It is considered to be polite and thoughtful to pick up food for the elderly and children.C.Bamboo chopsticks are most frequently used in Chinese daily life.D.The oldest one was from the Tang Dynasty.E.There also go around some other stories.F.Remember to practice with patience.G.They had to use sticks to eat them.答案与解析【解题导语】本文对筷子的起源、使用方法、风俗等进行了介绍。16.G空处前句提到“how did they eat soup and porridge”,因此空处应对此问题进行回答,所以选G项。17.E根据上文的“However,many stories are about the invention of chopsticks.”可推知,除了姜子牙的故事外,还有许多有关发明筷子的故事,所以选E项。18.F根据上文的“You can do it if you practice it for some time,even if you are a foreigner.”可推知,筷子的使用要通过耐心的练习才能熟练起来,所以选F项。19.B根据上文的“Playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite.”可推知,此处要讲述礼貌使用筷子的方式,所以选B项。20.D空前提到“The museum gathered more than 1,200 pairs of chopsticks from.”,再结合本段的主题“筷子主题博物馆”可推知,此处讲历史最悠久的筷子,所以选D项。12
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