五年高考真题与解析：动词的时态和语态.doc

五年高考真题与解析：动词的时态和语态2010年高考题1.（10上海28） Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had答案：B考点：本题考查时态。解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。2.（10上海31）The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored答案：D考点：本题考查被动语态。解析：Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D。 3.（10福建28）Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised 答案：D考点：现在完成时的被动语态4.（10福建28）Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.-How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experiencedC. have been experiencingD. will have experienced答案：A考点：考查将来进行时解析：-猜猜看，我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证。-太棒了，你到时候将会感受到不同的文化。5.（10安徽28）-Were you surprised by the ending of the film?-No, I _the book, so I already knew the story?A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read答案：B考点：本题考查时态用法。解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。6.（10安徽34） -Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming答案：D考点：本题考查时态用法。解析：句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。-并不惊奇，近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用have been coming表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。7.（10湖南24）This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names答案：A考点：考查动词时态和语态。解析：根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。8.（10湖南27）I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 答案：B考点：考查动词时态。解析：该空动作发生在was just going to cut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？”9.（10湖南31）I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold答案：B考点：考查动词时态。解析：根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B项。10.（10湖南34）Im tired out. . I all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shoppedC. had shopped D. have been shopping答案D考点：考查动词时态。解析：句意为：“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断选D项。11.（10江西30） Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering答案：D考点：考察时态。解析：在本句since 表示自从过去到现在, 所以用现在完成时, 现在完成进行时为现在完成时的一种。12.（10山东29）The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid答案: A考点：本题考查with复合结构的用法/被动语态。解析： with复合结构的构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，由于table与lay(搁放)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。13.（10山东30）Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved答案:D考点：本题考查动词时态的用法。解析：句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。14.（10天津4）We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked答案：B 考点：考查动词时态。句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。解析：从句子的时间状语for four hours和后面的句子Lets have a rest可知，动作从过去发生，到说话的时候一直在进行着，所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。 15.（10天津10）Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited答案：C 考点：考查被动语态。句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。解析：因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。16.（10四川11）In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with答案：A考点：考查不定式主动表被动。解析：在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.。 17.（10四川16）When shall we restart our business?Not until we our plan Awill finish Bare finishing Care to finish Dhave finished答案：D 考点：考查动词时态。解析：在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选D。意为“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”18（10四川18）Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected答案：D 考点：考查动词时态。解析：句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D。19.（10全国I 21）Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No , I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do答案A 句意：你读完了Jane Eyre吗？没有，我昨天一直做作业。解答：根据选项此题考察时态，此题可以根据句意解答，也可以使用排除法。A表示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。题干中有all day yesterday时间提示为过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除D。B为过去将来时不符合题意，C过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时，题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。20.（10全国I 25）When you are home , give a call to let me know you _ safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive答案：B句意：当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。解答：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意 “当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B. 21.（10全国I 32）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 答案：C句意：在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。解答：根据选项此题考察时态和语态。make fortune译为“发财”，make在句中需要使用被动形式，因此排除B和D，题干中led提示时间为过去，因此选择C。be to do译为“将会将要”，was to be made表示过去将来。22.（10江苏23）why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting选D。我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行时。23.（10江苏30）Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be 选C 考查时态题。我们去海边发生在过去，而我们忙于工作在此之前，因此用过去完成时。24.（10陕西21）I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. coughA 【解析】考查动词时态。由时间状语lately可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调其持续性，用现在完成进行时，选A。25.（10陕西24）It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being builtD 【解析】考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。26.（10全国II 9）Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn答案：B解析：考查主谓一致和时态。首先the only one of . 为先行词时，定语从句修饰的是one，即one是主语，而非后面的复数women，根据主谓一致的原则，谓语动词应该用复数，排除A，D。另外，从“is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯，因此要用一般现在时，排除C，故选A。27.（10全国II 15）Linda make sure the table _before the guests arriveA. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting答案：C解析：考查动词set的用法和被动语态。Set a table摆放桌子， tables为主语，故用被动结构。make sure后一般接宾语从句。28.（10全国II 19）Excuse me I_I was blocking your way. A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing答案：A考点：时态考查。解析：结合语境，后文暗示过去时。29.（10湖北 78）Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _（未证实）yet. (prove)答案： had not been proved考点：考查过去完成时的被动语态30.（10辽宁24）Joseph _to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name?” in Russian. Ahas been going Bwent Cgoes Dhas gone答案：A句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。解析：考查时态。句中since last month，表示“自从上个月起”根据but后的句意，说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。31.（10辽宁30）I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. Awill do Bdo Cam doing Dhad done答案： B句意：我为一家人做饭，但是最近我太忙不能做了。解析：考查动词时态。第一句表示现阶段的一种状况，所以用一般现在时态。32.（10北京22）In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the r sounds at the end of the words . A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 答案：A考点：时态和语态解析：the r sounds应该使用被动。33.（10北京24）-Im not finished with my dinner yet.-But our friends for us.A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting答案：D考点:本题也是在语境中考查学生对时态的灵活运用。解析：第一个说话人说我还没吃完饭呢，而下面的人则说但是我们的朋友们都在等我们了根据第一个人还没进行完吃饭的动作，而第二个人又开始催促，我们得知朋友们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时are waiting更符合句意。34.（10北京26）-Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt makeC. dont make D. havent made答案：D考点: 时态解析：上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能选didnt make或者havent made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择D。A. hadnt made过去完成时表过去的过去，不符合题意。B. wouldnt make过去将来时时态不正确。C一般现在时不正确。35.（10北京28）It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing答案：A考点:本题考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别。解析：整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。36.（10重庆24）The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973. A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes答案C考点：考查时态。解析： since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选C项。37.（10重庆29）The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _now. A. remainsB. is remainedC. is remainingD. has been remained答案A考点：考查时态。解析： remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选 A项。38.（10重庆31） -Why do you want to work for our company?-This is the job that I for. A. lookedB. am to lookC. had lookedD. have been looking答案D考点：考查时态。解析：由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。39.（10浙江5）If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall. Aeat Bwould eat Chave eaten Dwill be eating 答案D考点：本题考查条件句的时态。解析：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择will be eating表将来。40（10浙江15）For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. Ahad dreamed ofBhave dreamed of Cdreamed of Ddream of答案：B考点：本题考查时态。解析：根据句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比想象要难得多。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在，并由此延伸。目前，市场上已经有了电动汽车，所以应用现在完成时。2009年高考题1. (09安徽28) The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. produced B. being producedC. to be produced D. having been produced答案C2 (09北京24) For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm.A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow答案A3. (09北京27) The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the serviceA. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated答案D4. (09北京28) All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ information in a more effective way.A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present答案D5. (09北京34) _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten答案A6. (09福建32) not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D.Having reminded答案B解析 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且其表示的动作在谓语动词set out之前已经发生，非谓语动词用过去分词，选B。7. (09福建34) In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked答案A解析 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，其后有宾语，故与逻辑主语是主动关系，且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用现在分词，选A。8(09湖南23) When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open答案 D解析 考查非谓语动词。动词不定时的用法。句意为：当他要打开门的时候,他发现他的钥匙不见了。动词不定时表示将要发生的动作。9(09湖南25)At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future.A. living; wondering B. lived; wonderingC. lived; wondered D. living; wondered答案 A解析 考查分词的用法。句意为：29岁的大卫,是一个工人,住在一间小公寓在波士顿附近,不知怎么办关于他的未来。现在分词作定语修饰a worker，and 为并列连词，连接相同的成份。10. (09湖南29) Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused答案D解析 考查动词不定时的用法。句意为：现在人们有时把他们的废物分开，以便很容易被重复利用。重新再利用是指将来发生的动作，而且是被动的。故选D。11. (09湖南31) Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.A. to invite B. inviting C. inviteD. invited答案C12. (09江西22) _ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given答案D解析 本题考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出：If they are given the right kind of training , 可知主语they 即these teenager soccer players与give 之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词。根据主、从句主语一致可省略从句主语的原则，连词if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , these teenager soccer players。13. (09江西34) The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced答案B解析 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰new laws ,相当于which forces 。14 (09海南30) The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at答案B解析 句意为：当那位著名的女演员走进了教室，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。turn to 表示“转向，求助”的意思。15. (09海南35) Now that weve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. taking B. take C. takenD. to take答案C 解析 考查with +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？ take 与the decisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。16. (09山东22) We are invited to a party _in our club next Friday.A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding答案A解析 本题考查非谓语动词的用法，由next month可知时间是在将来，party是被举行，故选A。17. (09陕西12) I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken答案D解析 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词做remember的宾语，而remember后用非谓语动词做宾语时，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的动作已经完成，也可用动词不定式，表示的动作还未发生，根据后文的saw可知此处非谓语动词动作已经完成，且与逻辑主语是被动关系，用v-ing的被动式，选D。18. (09上海31) A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _all four people on board.A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill答案B19. (09上海33) With the governments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected答案C20. (09上海35) Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold答案C21. (09四川4) Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat答案A解析 考查非谓语的用法。remain后可接adj, v-ing, v-ed和to be done 等多种形式做表语，在该题中可以把seated视为一个形容词，所以正确答案为A。22. (09四川2) He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussionA. to have B. having C. have D. had答案B.解析 考查非谓语的用法，分析句子可知whether +to do sth. 做了宾语从句的主语, He told us 后省略了宾语从句的引导词that。23. (09四川10) _ many times, he finally understood it.A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told答案D解析 考查非谓语的用法。tell与主语之间的关系是被动和完成的关系，所以用having been done来表示被动和完成。24. (09天津4) _ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete答案D25. (09天津9) _ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouraged B. EncouragingC. Encouraged D. Having encouraged答案C26(09浙江3) _and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A. the; a B. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired答案B27(09浙江7) There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating答案B28. (09重庆25) Michaelsnewhouseislikeahugepalace, _withhisoldone.A. comparing B. compares C. tocompare D. compared答案D29. (09重庆29) Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_withallbyourselveseveryday.A. deal B. dealt C. todeal D. dealing答案C30. (09全国16) They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.A. being run B. run C. to run D. running答案D解析 考查非谓语动词Ving，这儿构成(keep sth. doing。31. (09江苏26) Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures.A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped答案 C32 (09江苏32).Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended答案C2008年高考题1.(08全国27)Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?Yes， since shethe Chinese Society.A.has joinedB.joinsC.had joinedD.joined答案 D解析 since用作连词，引导时间状语从句时，从句中谓语动词常用一般过去时。2.(08全国29)The wet weather will continue tomorrow， when a cold frontto arrive.A.is expectedB.is expectingC.expects D.will be expected答案 A解析 “冷锋被预计要到来”是指现在“预料”而不是明天，故用一般现在时的被动语态。3.(08全国11)If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But itall day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining答案 A解析 考查一般过去时的用法。本题的精妙之处在于用一个虚拟语气if.had been better，.could have had.。4.(08全国12)The director had her assistantsome hot dogs for the meeting.A.picked upB.picks upC.pick upD.picking up答案 C解析 考查have sb. do sth.结构。句意为：主任让她的助手为会议准备一些热狗(食物)。“让某人去做某事”，其中的不定式应该省略to。5.(08全国14)If their marketing plans succeed，theytheir sales by 20 percent.A.will increaseB.have been increasingC.have increased D.would be increasing答案 A解析 句意为：如果他们的市场运作计划成功，那么他们的销售将会增加百分之二十。条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，主句必须用一般将来时。6.(08北京22)Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya?Whoit?A.writesB.has writtenC.wroteD.had written 答案 C解析 由于“写书”这一动作应发生在“读书”之前，且本句中并没有强调具体动作的情况，故该题空格处应表示一般过去的动作，用一般过去时态。7.(08北京27)The hotel wasnt particularly good，but Iin many worse hotels.A.was stayingB.stayedC.would stayD.had stayed答案 D解析 由句中的worse可知该句是表达比较的含义，故本题句意应为:这家旅馆并不特别好，但是我住过比它更差的旅馆。由于“The hotel wasnt particularly good”中的时态是一般过去时态，所以stay这一动作应发生在描述情况之前，故须用过去完成时态。8.(08北京29)No decisionabout any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A.will be madeB.is madeC.is being made D.has been made答案 A解析 句意为：直到所有的候选人都被面试过后，才会作出下一步的任命。从句中使用了have been interviewed，这