大学体验英语3综合教程课文翻译Unit1-2

Unit 1 Caring for Our Earth Passage A Frog Story 蛙的故事 A couple of odd things have happened lately 最近发生了几桩怪事儿 I have a log cabin in those woods of Northern Wisconsin I built it by hand and also added a greenhouse to the front of it It is a joy to live in In fact I work out of my home doing audio production and environmental work As a tool of that trade I have a computer and a studio 我在北威斯康星州的树林中有一座小木屋 是我亲手搭建的 前面还有一间花房 住在里 面相当惬意 实际上我是在户外做音频制作和环境方面的工作 作为干这一行的工具 我还装备了一间带电脑的工作室 I also have a tree frog that has taken up residence in my studio 还有一只树蛙也在我的 工作室中住了下来 How odd I thought last November when I first noticed him sitting atop my sound board over my computer I figured that he and I say he though I really don t have a clue if she is a he or vice versa would be more comfortable in the greenhouse So I put him in the greenhouse Back he came And stayed After a while I got quite used to the fact that as I would check my morning email and online news he would be there with me surveying the world 去年十一月 我第 一次惊讶地发现他 只是这样称呼罢了 事实上我并不知道该称 他 还是 她 坐在 电脑的音箱上 我把他放到花房里去 认为他待在那儿会更舒服一些 可他又跑回来待在 原地 很快我就习惯了有他做伴 清晨我上网查收邮件和阅读新闻的时候 他也在一旁关 注这个世界 Then last week as he was climbing around looking like a small gray green human I started to wonder about him 可上周 我突然对这个爬上爬下的 小绿人或小灰人 产生了好 奇心 So there I was working in my studio and my computer was humming along I had to stop when Tree Frog went across my view He stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at me Well I sat back and looked at him For five months now he had been riding there with me and I was suddenly overtaken by an urge to know why he was there and not in the greenhouse where I figured he d live a happier frog life 于是有一天 我正在工作室里干活 电脑嗡嗡作响 当树蛙从我面前爬过时 我不得不停止工作 他停下了并转过身来 坐在那儿看着我 好 吧 我也干脆停下来望着他 五个月了 他一直这样陪着我 我突然有一股强烈的欲望想 了解他 为什么他要待在这儿而不乐意待在花房里 我认为对树蛙来说 花房显然要舒适 得多 Why are you here I found myself asking him 你为什么待在这儿 我情不自 禁地问他 As I looked at him dead on his eyes looked directly at me and I heard a tone The tone seemed to hit me right in the center of my mind It sounded very nearly like the same one as my computer In that tone I could hear him say to me Because I want you to understand Yo That was weird Understand what my mind jumped in Then after a moment of feeling this communication I felt I understood why he was there I came to understand that frogs simply want to hear other frogs and to communicate Possibly the tone of my computer sounded to him like other tree frogs 我目不转睛地盯着他 他也直视着我 然后我听到一种叮咚声 这种声 音似乎一下子就进入了我的大脑中枢 因为它和电脑里发出来的声音十分接近 在那个声 音里我听到树蛙对我 说 因为我想让你明白 唷 太不可思议了 明白什么 我脑海中突然跳出了这个问题 然后经过短暂的体验这种交流之后 我觉得我已经理解 了树蛙待在这儿的原因 我开始理解树蛙只是想听到其他同类的叫声并与之交流 或许他 误以为计算机发出的声音就是其他树蛙在呼唤他 Interesting 真是有趣 I kept working I was working on a story about global climate change and had just received a fax from a friend The fax said that the earth is warming at 1 9 degrees each decade At that rate I knew that the maple trees that I love to tap each spring for syrup would not survive for my children My beautiful Wisconsin would become a prairie by the next generation 我继续工作 我正在写一个关于全球气候变化的故事 有个朋友刚好发过来一份传真 说地球的温度正 以每十年 1 9 度的速度上升 我知道 照这种速度下去 每年春天我都爱去提取树浆的这 片枫林 到我孩子的那一代就将不复存在 我的故乡美丽的威斯康星州也会在下一代变成 一片草原 At that moment Tree Frog leaped across my foot and sat on the floor in front of my computer He then reached up his hand to his left ear and cupped it there He sat before the computer and reached up his right hand to his other ear He turned his head this way and that listening to that tone Very focused He then began to turn a very subtle but brilliant shade of green and leaped full force onto the computer 此刻 树蛙从我脚背跳过去站在电脑前的地板上 然后他伸 出手来从后面拢起左耳凝神倾听 接着他又站在电脑前伸出右手拢起另一支耳朵 他这样 转动着脑袋 聆听那个声音 非常专心致志 他的皮肤起了微妙的变化 呈现出一种亮丽 的绿色 然后他就用尽全力跳到电脑上 And then I remembered the story about the frogs that I had heard last year on public radio It said frogs were dying around the world It said that because frogs skin is like a lung turned inside out their skin was being affected by pollution and global climate change It said that frogs were being found whose skin was like paper All dried up It said that frogs are an indicator species That frogs will die first because of the sensitivity 我猛然想起去年在收音机里听 到的一则关于青蛙的消息 说是全世界的青蛙正在死亡 消息说因为青蛙的皮肤就像是一 个内里朝外的肺 所以正在受到污染和全球气候变化的影响 据说已经发现有些青蛙的皮 肤已变得像纸一样干瘪 还说青蛙是一个 物种指示器 由于对环境敏感 这个物种会 先遭灭顶之灾 Then I understood 这时我明白了 The frogs have a message for us and it is the same message that some sober folks have had for us There are no more choices We have reached the time when we must be the adults for the planet for the sake of the future generations of humans and for frogs 青蛙向我们传递了 一个信息 一些头脑清醒的人士也曾向我们传递过同样的信息 那就是 我们别无选择 我们已经进入了关键时刻 为了人类的子孙后代 也为青蛙 我们必须对这个星球负起 主人的责任 Because we are related 因为我们休戚相关 Then I understood that there are no boundaries that there is no more time 我还明白了 我们之间没有界限 明白了时间的紧迫 That we for the sake of our relatives must act now 为了我们的亲人 我们必须马上 行动起来 And then I understood not only why the frog was there but also why I am here 于是我 明白了这只青蛙此行的目的 也知道自己在这儿该做些什么 736 words Passage B Mission Zero 归零使命 Ray C Anderson July 28 1934 August 8 2011 was founder and chairman of Interface Inc one of the world s largest manufacturers of modular carpet for commercial and residential applications He was known in environmental circles for his advanced and progressive stance on industrial ecology and sustainability 雷 C 安德森 1934 年 7 月 28 日 2011 年 8 月 8 日 是全球最大的商业和住宅用拼块式地毯制造商之一 英特飞有限公司的创 始人和董事长 他因在 工业生态和可持续发展方面表现出的先进和发展的立场而闻名于 环保界 If it exists it must be possible asserts Amory Lovins1 co founder and chief scientist of the Rocky Mountain Institute2 think tank He is talking about my company Fellow industrialists I dare say thought my ambition impossible to realize when fourteen years ago I described my aspirations for Interface Inc to turn into what it actually is becoming today Indeed around then the CEO of a major competitor looked at me in the eye and said Ray you are a dreamer Yet as Amory says If it exists 如果有其存在 就必然有其可能 落基山研究 所智囊团的联合创始人和首席科学家艾默里 洛文斯如此断言道 他说的正是我的公司 我 敢说 当十四年前我描述我的志向 要把英特飞公司变成它今天正在呈现的模样时 各位 实业家同人都认为我的雄心壮志根本不可能实现 事实上 一个主要竞争对手的总裁当时 就瞪着我说 雷 你是一个梦想家 然而 正如艾默里所说 如果有其存在 The impossible that exists today is a petroleum intensive carpet manufacturer for both energy and raw material that has reduced net greenhouse gas GHG emissions by 88 percent in absolute tons and its water usage by 79 percent since 1996 even as sales have grown by two thirds and earnings have doubled In 1994 Interface set out on a mission to be the first industrial company that by its deeds shows the entire industrial world what sustainability is in all its dimensions people process product profit and place Our definition of sustainability is to operate our petro intensive company so as to take from the Earth only that which is naturally and rapidly renewable and to do no harm to the biosphere 今天存在的这个 不可能 是一家 在能源和原材料方面 高度依赖石油的地毯制造商 从 1996 年至今将温室气体净排放量 减少了 88 以实打实的吨数计 用水量减少了 79 而销售额却反而增加了三分之二 收益翻了一番 英特飞于 1994 年开始完成一项使命 力争 成为首家生态实业公司 通过 自己的所作所为向整个实业界全方位地展现可持续性发展的理念 涵盖人员 生产过程 产品 利润 地点等各个方面 我们对持续性发展的定义是 我们这家高度依赖石油的 公司 坚持其运营只从地球获取可以自然而快速再生的资源 并且不对生态造成危害 Cumulatively we have avoided 372 million in costs by eliminating waste in a quest that is half way to achieving waste free perfection by 2020 We define waste as any cost that does not add value for our customers This translates ambitiously into doing everything right the first time every time We even define energy that still comes from fossil fuels as waste something to be eliminated Indeed while offsets have a critical role to play in helping Interface and indeed all of us to reach our sustainability goals we will not achieve them until we begin to redefine fossil fuel energy in this way Sounds incredible Remember If it exists 通过消除浪费 我们已经累计降低了 3 亿 7 千 2 百万美元的成本 正在向 2020 年力争达到零浪费的完美目 标迈进 我们对浪费的定义是 凡是不能给客户带来价值的花费都是浪费 这一定义雄心 勃勃地转化为行动理念 做任何事情都要一开始就做对 而且每次如此 我们甚至把依然 取自化石燃料的能源也定义为浪费 并作为要消除的对象 通过减少浪费而获得的补偿确 实起了关键性作用 有助于英特飞 其实也包括所有公司 达到可持续发展目标 如果我 们不这样重新定义化石燃料能源 我们就不可能最终实现可持续发展的目标 听上去有些 不可思议 请记住 如果有其存在 Indeed our belching smokestacks our gushing effluent pipes our mountains of waste all completely legal provided tangible proof that business was good They meant jobs orders coming in products going out and money in the bank 的确 我们的烟囱烟雾腾腾 我 们的管道污水喷涌 我们的废料堆积如山 所有这一切都完全合法 这是我们生意兴 隆的确凿证据 这就说明有业可就 订单滚滚而来 产品源源出厂 以及利润存入银行 That all changed with a question that came from our customers What is Interface doing for the environment We had not heard that question before and had no good answers For a customer intimate company this was untenable Looking for an answer and a determination to respond with credible demonstrable and measurable results and transparent accountability set us on this course 所有这一切都因消费者提的一个问题而改变 英特飞对环境有何贡献 这个问题我们以前闻所未闻 更无法交出满意的答案 对于 一个善待消费者的公司而言 这是难以交代的 为寻求答案 还有决意给消费者提供一个 可信 可见和可考量的结果并承担明晰的责任 我们踏上了征途 Can taking a profitable business apartat the height of its success make business sense The waste elimination initiative alone and the avoided costs of 372 million over 13 years have more than offset all the investments and expenses incurred in pursuit of our goal which we now call Mission Zero zero environmental impacts by the year 2020 This has allowed the business case for sustainability to develop and become crystal clear Costs are down not up dispelling a myth and exposing the false choice between the environment and the economy 将一个处于鼎盛时期的赢利企业拆卸分解 从商业的角度看合理吗 仅消除浪费这一项行 动 以及 13 年来因此而节约下来的 3 亿 7 千 2 百万美元的成本 不仅抵消而且超出了我们 在追求持续发展目标方面的投资和花费总额 我们现在将此目标命名为 归零使命 到 2020 年实现对环境的零影响 归零使命 使这个可持续性发展的实业案例得以发展 并 变得清澈透明 成本下降了 并非上升了 一个虚构的理念就此打破 让我们看到在环境 和经济之间并非必然就是择此伤彼的虚假选择 Amazingly this initiative has produced a better business model a better way to bigger and more legitimate profits It out competes its competitors in the rough and tumble of the marketplace but not at the expense of the Earth or future generations Instead it includes Earth and generations not yet born in win win win relationships As validation of this the Interface share price has moved from 2 to 20 in four years as we have dug out of the deepest longest recession in our industry s history a recession we might not have survived without the enormous boost of sustainability 令人惊讶的是 这一创举产生了一个更好的商业模式 找到了一个可 获取更大利润 并且收入更加合法的更好的途径 这种模式在激烈残酷的市场竞争中击败 了它的所有对手 却并不以伤害地球或后代的利益为代价 相反 这种模式将地球和尚未 出生的后代纳入一种三赢的关系 作为证明 英特飞的股价四年内从 2 美元攀升至 20 美元 公司也从产业史上影响最深 持续最久的经济衰退中脱险而出 如果没有可持续性发展的 极大推动 我们也许无法在这场经济衰退中存活下来 But what about the big picture What does the Interface journey have to teach us A sustainable society into the indefinite future depends totally and absolutely on a vast ethically driven redesign of the industrial system triggeredby an equally vast mind shift one mind at a time one organization at a time one technology at a time one building one company one university curriculum one community one region one industry at a time until the entire system has been transformed into a sustainable one existing ethically in balance with Earth s natural systems upon which every living thing even civilization itself utterly depends 但 是 怎样从全局来看呢 英特飞的历程能给我们带来什么启迪 一个可持续发展的社会要 想久远维系 就需要全方位地 彻头彻尾地对工业体系进行庞大的 由道德驱动的重新设 计 这要由同样庞大的思想认识转变来启动 即一次改变一个想法 一个机构 一项技术 一座建筑 一家公司 一所大学的课程 一个社区 一个地区 一个行业 直到整个体系 转变成为一个可持续发展的 在道德准则上能与地球生态系统和谐相处的体系 这才是所 有的生物 乃至文明本身完全赖以生存的基础 One person you can make the difference in your organization The key is Do something then do something else 即使一个人 你本人 也能在你的机构中发挥作用 关键是 行动起来先做一件事 接着再做另一件 771 words Unit 2 Nobel Prize Winners Passage A Einstein s Compass 爱因斯坦的指南针 Young Albert was a quiet boy Perhaps too quiet thought Hermann and Pauline Einstein He spoke hardly at all until age 3 They might have thought him slow but there was something else evident When he did speak he d say the most unusual things At age 2 Pauline promised him a surprise Albert was excited thinking she was bringing him some new fascinating toy But when his mother presented him with his new baby sister Maja all Albert could do was stare with questioning eyes Finally he responded where are the wheels 小爱因斯坦是个安静 的孩子 爱因斯坦夫妇赫尔曼和波琳认为他 或许太安静了 爱因斯坦直到三岁时还很 少开口说话 父母差点就误认为他是反应迟钝 但有一个明显的事实打消了他们的疑虑 因为当他真的开口说话时 说出的话便异乎寻常 两岁时 母亲波琳许诺给他一个惊喜 小爱因斯坦非常高兴 以为妈妈会带给他一件有趣的新玩具 但当妈妈把刚出生的妹妹玛 嘉抱到他面前时 小爱因斯坦只是以疑虑的眼光盯着她 最后说道 轮子在哪儿 When Albert was 5 years old and sick in bed Hermann Einstein brought him a device that did stir his intellect It was the first time he had seen a compass He lay there shaking and twisting the odd thing certain he could fool it into pointing off in a new direction But try as he might the compass needle would always find its way back to pointing in the direction of north A wonder he thought The invisible force that guided the compass needle was evidence to Albert that there was more to our world than meets the eye There was something behind things something deeply hidden 爱因斯坦五岁的时候有一次卧病在床 父亲赫尔曼送给他 一个新玩意儿 正是这个小玩意开启了他的智力 那是小爱因斯坦第一次见到指南针 他 躺在床上摇晃摆弄着这个稀奇的东西 认为自己能将指针糊弄到指向另一个方向 但是无 论他怎样摆弄 指针却总是会回到原来指北的位置 真奇妙 他想 引导指南针的无 形力量使爱因斯坦认识到 我们肉眼看到的只是世界的一部分 事物背后还有 某种东西 某种深藏着的东西 So began Albert Einstein s journey down a road of exploration that he would follow the rest of his life I have no special gift he would say I am only passionately curious 阿 尔伯特 爱因斯坦就这样踏上了他穷其一生的探索之路 我没有特殊的天分 他常常说 我只是有强烈的好奇心 Albert Einstein was more than just curious though He had the patience and determination that kept him at things longer than most others Other children would build houses of cards up to 4 stories tall before the cards would lose balance and the whole structure would come falling down Maja watched in wonder as her brother Albert methodically built his card buildings to 14 stories Later he would say It s not that I m so smart it s just that I stay with problems longer 爱因斯坦不仅仅只是有好奇心 他的耐心和毅力使他做起事情来能比大多数人都更持久 其他孩子用纸牌搭楼房 搭到四层高时房子就会失去平衡而坍塌下来 而玛嘉却惊奇地看 着她哥哥阿尔伯特能有条不紊地搭起 14 层的纸牌高楼 后来爱因斯坦说道 这不是因为 我有多聪明 而是因为我能坚持得更久 One advantage Albert Einstein s developing mind enjoyed was the opportunity to communicate with adults in an intellectual way His uncle an engineer would come to the house and Albert would join in the discussions His thinking was also stimulated by a medical student who came over once a week for dinner and lively chats 阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦的思维发展 得益于他有机会与成人进行智力交流 他的叔叔是工程师 经常到爱因斯坦家里来 于是 爱因斯坦就有机会参与他们的讨论 爱因斯坦的思想还受到一位医科学生的启迪 此人每 星期都来爱因斯坦家一次 与爱因斯坦一家共进晚餐 一起谈天说地 At age 12 Albert Einstein came upon a set of ideas that impressed him as holy It was a little book on Euclidean plane1 geometry The concept that one could prove theorems of angles and lines that were in no way obvious made an indescribable impression on the young student He adopted mathematics as the tool he would use to pursue his curiosity and prove what he would discover about the behavior of the universe 爱因斯坦 12 岁的时候发现了一系列 他认为是 神圣 的观念 那是一本有关欧几里得平面几何的小册子 原来人可以证明那 些不易明显看出的角度和线段的定理 这个想法给年轻学生爱因斯坦留下了 难以形容的 印象 他把数学当做满足自己好奇心并用以证明他后来发现宇宙运行规律的手段 He was convinced that beauty lies in the simplistic Perhaps this insight was the real power of his genius Albert Einstein looked for the beauty of simplicity in the apparently complex nature and saw truths that escaped others While the expression of his mathematics might be accessible to only a few sharp minds in the science Albert could condense the essence of his thoughts so anyone could understand 他坚信美丽寓于简朴 或许这个悟性才是激发他天分的真正力 量所在 阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦在表象复杂的大自然中寻求简朴的美 并发现别人看不到的真 理 爱因斯坦用数学公式表达的思想也许只有少数才思敏锐的科学家才能理解 但他却能 简洁地阐明自己思想之精髓 使人人都能够理解 For instance his theories of relativity revolutionized science and unseated the laws of Newton that were believed to be a complete description of nature for hundreds of years Yet when pressed for an example that people could relate to he came up with this Put your hand on a hot stove for a minute and it seems like an hour Sit with a pretty girl for an hour and it seems like a minute THAT s relativity 比如说 他的相对论推翻了数百年来一直被认为是完整 地描述了自然界一切规律的牛顿定律 给科学界带来了一场彻底的变革 但是当有人敦促 他举例说明 以便让大众能理解相对论时 他说 把手放在烫人的炉上时 一分钟就像 是一个小时 坐在漂亮姑娘的身边 一个小时就像是一分钟 这就是相对论 Albert Einstein s wealth of new ideas peaked while he was still a young man of 26 In 1905 he wrote 3 fundamental papers on the nature of light a proof of atoms the special theory of relativity and the famous equation of atomic power E mc For the next 20 years the curiosity that was sparked by wanting to know what controlled the compass needle and his persistence to keep pushing for the simple answers led him to connect space and time and find a new state of matter 阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦的创新思维在年仅 26 岁时就达到了高峰 1905 年他写了三 篇重要的论文 分别是关于光的本质 证明原子存在 相对论以及著名的原子能等式 E mc2 在随后的 20 年里 正是由于想知道是什么力量控制了指南针的指向 所激发的这份好奇心以及坚持追求简单答案的毅力 引导他将空间与时间联系起来思考问 题 由此发现了一种崭新的物质状态 What was his ultimate quest 他追寻的最终目标是什么呢 I want to know how God created this world I want to know His thoughts the rest are details 我想知道上帝是怎样创造世界的 我想知道他的思路 其余的就都是细枝 末节了 700 words Passage B The Wake up Call from Stockholm 来自斯德哥尔摩的唤醒电话 These are the last 20 minutes of peace in your life the Swedish caller told Caltech professor Ahmed Zewail at 5 40 a m on October 12 10 月 12 日凌晨 5 40 加州理工学院的阿莫德 扎威尔教授接到了一个来自瑞典的电话 告诉他 你这辈子只有这 20 分钟的清静时间了 Soon the world would hear of Zewail s award the 1999 Nobel Prize in chemistry and Zewail would hear from the world Two thousand e mails would zoom his way within a few days and three phone lines would start ringing with eager requests for interviews from the national and Egyptian press and with congratulations from friends and colleagues But first the 53 year old man would share the news with his family 全世界很快就会知道扎威尔获得了 1999 年度 的诺贝尔化学奖 接着 扎威尔就会收到世界各地的来信 几天之内 2000 封电子邮件将 蜂拥而至 三部电话都将响个不停 美国和埃及的媒体将纷纷打来电话 急切要求对他进 行采访 朋友和同事也会不断打来恭贺电话 但是现在 这位 53 岁的男子首先要与家人共 享这条喜讯 He kissed his wife Dema and young sons Nabeel and Hani His mother whom Zewail reached in his native Egypt cried and cried His daughters Maha and Amani were going crazy on the phone I couldn t even speak said Zewail 扎威尔亲吻了妻子德玛和两个小儿子纳比 尔和哈尼 当他把这个消息告知远在家乡埃及的母亲时 她禁不住喜极而泣 扎威尔说 他的两个女儿玛哈和阿曼妮 从电话里一听到这个消息 就高兴得快疯了 我甚至连话都 没法讲下去了 I was disappointed in Nabeel s reaction he added I told him I had won the prize He said Good But when Zewail asked if he d tell the kids at school the six year old said No These guys will say So what But Nabeel did ask Are we going to see the king 纳比尔的反应让我有些失望 他补充道 我告诉他我获得了诺贝尔奖 他却只说了 一声 不错 当扎威尔问他是否会把这个消息告诉他学校里的小伙伴们时 这个六岁 的小家伙答道 不会 那些家伙只会说 那又怎样 不过纳比尔倒还确实问过 我 们要去见国王吗 The Royal Swedish Academy honored Zewail for his groundbreaking work in viewing and studying chemical reactions at the atomic level as they occur He has shown that it is possible with rapid laser technique to see how atoms in a molecule move during a chemical reaction 瑞典皇家科学院因扎威尔在观察和研究原子层面所发生的化学反应方面所作的开创性工作 而授予他诺贝尔化学奖 他向世人证明 利用快速的激光技术有可能观察到在发生化学 反应时 分子中的原子是怎样运动的 Zewail had brought the most powerful tools from the field of physics into the chemistry lab to create a revolution and the field of femto chemistry1 was born It was a revolution in chemistry and related sciences the Swedes announced since this type of investigation allows us to understand and predict important reactions to probe nature at its most fundamental level 扎威尔将物理领域内最有威力的仪器引进化学实验室 从而引发了一场革命 超微 千万 亿分之一 化学从此诞生 瑞典发布人说 这是 化学及相关学科领域的一场革命 因为 这种研究方法使我们能够了解并预测重要的化学反应 能从自然界最基础的层面探测自然 Zewail is the 27th Caltech faculty member or alumnus to receive the Nobel Prize and the third faculty member to be so honored in this decade 扎威尔是加州理工学院教师及校友中第 27 位获得诺贝尔奖的人 同时也是最近十年里第三位获此殊荣的学院教师 In my experience said Zewail after a tumultuous week whenever you cross fields or bring in new ideas and tools you find what you don t expect You open new windows 在经过 了一周的激动和忙乱之后 扎威尔说 根据我的经验 无论你在什么时候跨越学科或引 进新的观点和仪器 你都会得到意想不到的发现 因为你开启了新的窗口 Zewail s path to the forefront of the international science arena has been elegant and swift like the atoms he observes performing molecular dances With a wealth of experience in home chemistry projects as a boy in Egypt he sailed to the top of his class at Alexandria University The classical science education he received there prepared him for a promised tenure track2 position in the field of his choice math physics chemistry or geology but he decided to get his PhD at the University of Pennsylvania to see the molecular world of chemistry He had heard of Caltech but to