动词V-ed做宾语补足语学案.doc

动词V-ed 形式做宾语补足语学案 2014/03/22什么是宾语补足语？英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这种补足语称为宾语补足语。这类常用的及物动词有： make , call , have, let ;see , watch, find ,notice, observe,feel; consider, cause , get ,want,warn等等.带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语We think him . 宾语 宾补What he said made me .They consider the answer .Everyone calls him .用过去分词充当宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语，表示其动作已经完成或结束。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。Eg. After waking up, I found everyone gone.The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard. They found their new bikes stolen.1.过去分词用在表示状态的动词 keep ，leave 等的后面。 They kept the door locked for a long time. Dont leave the windows broken like this 2. 过去分词用在使役动词have, make 的后面。（1）注意”have +宾语+ 过去分词”的两种用法：表示让某人做某事，如：I have had my bike repaired .The villagers had many trees planted just then.表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。 如：My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.(2)”make + 宾语+过去分词”， 在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如：I raised my voice to make myself heard.They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.3.过去分词用在感官动词watch ,notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find 等的后面 当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。 When we got to school, we saw the door locked.我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。 We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.4.过去分词用在want, wish, like, expect, order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。老师不想此刻讨论这个问题The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.=The teacher wouldt like us to discuss the problem at the moment.我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。 I want the suit made to his own measure.我们希望工作在下午之前完成. We expected the work finished by the afternoon.5.过去分词用在“with+宾语宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。 With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。 现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系(即主动关系)。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系(即被动关系) 。其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补：表一个将要完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。用所给单词的正确形式填空1.What he had said made me _.（surprise）2.My glasses are broken. Ill have to get them _.(repair)3.With her finger _ to the broken vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?” (point)4.The doctor warned him _ oily food after the operation. (not eat)5.Nobody noticed him _ the room. (enter)强化训练1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying C. carried out D. to carry out2. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees_ around our school.A. plant B. planted c. planting D. being planted3. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowing B known C. to know D. to be known4. He found them _ at table_.A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess5. I can make you _ what I say, but you cant make yourself _ in English.A.understand; understand B. understand; understoodC. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understood6. The girl asked him not to leave the door _.A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D. closing7. Helen had to shout _.A.making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard.8. It is wise to have some money_ for old age.A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up