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Unit 2 知识梳理(必修一)1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour的用法区别:voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行 journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念 trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend4). We went on a guided _ round the castle2. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room3. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regularfrequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a _ problem2). He often makes _ errors of judgment3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse5)As a _ rule I am home by six.4. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is或 namely(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.5. especially/ speciallyespecially意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的6. a number of / the number ofa number of意思是“若干；许多” 作主语时, 谓语用复数the number of意思是“的数目 作主语时, 谓语用单数”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English7. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在 be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from 缺席) present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人All the people _ (出席晚会的)were her supporters1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误._2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的_8. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 be under the command of 由指挥,由控制be in command of 控制 be at ones command 听任某人支配take command of 担任指挥 have (a) good command of . 精通.特别提醒 command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气(should)+V.原形练习 用适当的介词填空1). For the first time in years, she felt _ command of her life.2). The army is _the kings direct command.3). The police arrived and took command _ the situation9. request n.& v. 请求；要求重点用法request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事按某人的要求_ _ He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports扩展=联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”10.recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认recognizeby sth 认出或识别某人/某事物 recognizeas sth 承认某人/某事物是recognizeto be承认是 recognize +宾语从句 意识到；承认be recognized as 被公认为/承认是.I recognize him_. (他是个聪明人).Though they hadnt met for many years，they _ (认出了对方)at the first sight.1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。_2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。_11. straight adj.笔直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直常见形容词与副词同形且意思一样的词快的_ 晚的_ 努力的_ 早的_ 近的_远的_ 高的_ 宽的_她中学一毕业就马上进了大学_这是一条直路_12. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块a block of 一大块 block out 堵住 block off 封锁；封闭 block up 堵塞；阻碍1). 他们在绕楼群散步_2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路_13.native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的 n. 本地人；出生于某国的人be native to.原产于某地ones native country/land本国，祖国 native place出生地ones native language本国语，母语 be a native of当地人/产于的动/植物(1)China is our _， and Chinese is our _.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。(2)The tiger _ India. 这种虎产于印度。(3)He is _ Beijing. 他是北京人14.come up走近；上来；提出; (月亮,太阳)升起(不及物动词短语)这个问题在会议中被提出来了_come across邂逅 come about发生 come at向扑来,攻击come out 出版;开花；结果是come up with想出 come along 进展,进步come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下练习 用come构成的词组填空。1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2). The magazine _ once a month.3). I wish you can _ to England on your holiday.4). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.5). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning15. because of 因为；由于because of 是复合介词(近义短语:due to , thanks to , as a result of , owing to)because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句练习 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what the teacher said. we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather16.base (1)vt.以.为根据/基础 adj._ (基础的,基本的) _ (以.为依据的)把建立在.的基础上_ 建立在的基础上_我们的意见应该以事实为根据_(2)基础,基地在的底部_ 在.的基础上_这个理论基于他十年的研究_17.latter adj.后半的;(两者中)后者的, 与the连用作名词the formerthe latter 前者.,后者.late adj.&adv. 迟的(地),晚的(地) later adj.&adv.后来的(地)lately adv.最近,近来(常用于完成时) latter adj.后者的 latest adj. 最近的,最新的(1)The splendid castle was built in the _ 1860s.(2)Do you prefer the former to the _, Jack?(3)I found my lost book and pen three days_(4)The beautiful girl was dressed in the _ Paris fashion.(5)Have you seen her_?(6)The _ news is that she married in her_ twenties.18.hold on 别挂断,坚持住(=hang on)hold on to/onto sb./sth. 抓紧,不放开 hold 组成的短语:同意,赞成_ 阻挡,隐瞒,犹豫_ 坚持,伸出手_推迟_ 举起,延迟_19.the same as / the same that.的区别:the same.as.: as所指的事物与前面所提的事物是同类中的另一个事物the same.that. that所指的事物与前面所提的事物是同一个事物这与我丢的那支钢笔一样_这就是我丢的那支钢笔_Today I use the same book_ was used yesterday.He bought the same book_ I had.20.make use of 利用,使用(=take advantage of )充分利用_ _ _The use you _ time is really practical. A.make B.take C.make of D.take of答案：1 .1)journey 2)voyage 3)trip 4)tour2.(1)realize (2)known (3)recognized3.(1)common 2)frequent 3)regular 4)ordinary 5)general4.1)this is 2)for example 3)such as 4)and so on5.1)especially 2)specially6.1) the number of 2) A number of7.who were present at the partyMy brother presented me with the book8.1) in 2)under 3)of9.at ones request , at the request of sb, by resquest of sb1) to write 2)write 3)are requested10.1) as a clever person 2)recognized 翻译：1）He is recognized to their natural leader.2)I recognized him as my friends brother.11.fast , late , hard , early, close, far, high, wide翻译：1）She went straight from school to university.2)This is a straight way12.1)They are taking a walk around the block.2)The heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.13.1)native country native language 2)is native to 3)a native of14.The problem came up in the meeting.1)comes at 2)come out 3)come over 4)come up with 5)came across15.1)because 2)because of 3)because of 16.(1)adj. basic based , base.on/upon , be based on/upon翻译：We should base our opinions on facts.(2)at the base of , on the base of 翻译：The theory was on the base of his ten years research.17.1) late 2)latter 3)later 4)latest 5)lately 6)latest late18.hold with , hold back , hold out , hold off, hold up19.This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.that, as 20.make good use of , make the best of , make full use of , make the most of C
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