初二英语-进行时不定式.doc

现在进行时、过去进行时、不定式讲与练教学目的1、 掌握be 动词的三种形式、相对应的过去形式及其用法；2、 掌握现在进行时的定义、用法、结构、现在分词的变化规则；3、 掌握过去进行时的定义、用法、结构、现在分词的变化规则；4、 掌握动词不定式的构成、句法功能；5、培养学生英语学习兴趣，调动其学习的积极性、主动性，增强学习的信心；重点难点1、 现在进行时与过去进行时的区别；2、 现在分词的变化规则；3、 省略to 的不定式的动词的用法；教学内容课前一句教师寄语Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。 播下一个行动，收获一种习惯；播下一种习惯，收获一种性格；播下一种性格，收获一种命运。老师真心希望你越来越优秀！加油，德阳！问题引入1、 请回忆一下，初二入学以来，你都学过哪些语法知识点？2、 在你所学中，你觉得哪些知识非常容易，哪些是你没有学会的呢？智能梳理3、 你对系动词be的用法了解吗？ 系动词be是am, is, are三者的原形，一般不直接出现在句子中， 而是以am, is, are的形式出现。它们各有分工，而且随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 am最专一，始终跟着I转；are 跟you, we及表复数名词或复数意义的词连用； is的交际最广泛，is与“他、她、它”形影不离，至于名词单数，指示代词（this/that）都与is结下不解之缘。 刚开始学习英语的同学，往往对我连系动词be与主语人称保持一致的问题把握不好。为此，建议你在歌谣中熟悉我连系动词的“身影”： 我用am，你用are； is用在他、她、它； 遇到复数全用are。 基本形式：am、is、are第一人称：I+am第二人称：you+are；一人称复数we+are；三人称复数They+are；第三人称：he(男)+is； she(女)+is； it(不是人)+is； 其他单数名词+is； 比如：This isBe动词的用法口诀 我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它； 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 Im=I am； youre=you are； hes=he is； shes=she is； its=it is； were=we are； youre=you are theyre=they are；amam not （be动词中，只有am not 不能缩写）；isis not=isnt areare not=arent；waswas not=wasnt；werewere not=werent；课堂练习 1. Iam(缩略形式)_ 2. is(复数)_ 3. weare(缩略形式) 4. arenot(缩略形式) 5. isnot(缩略形式) 6. shes(完整形式) 7. its(完整形式) 8. theyre(完整形式) 1. Here_myball.A. isB. areC. am2. You_numbereight.A. areB. isC. am3. What _ this？A. isB. areC. be4. Helen_astudent.A. beB. amC. is5. Those_oranges.A. isB. areC. am 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 Bedoing 、陈述句(肯定句)主语be(am, is, are)+现在分词，如：I am reading English.我正在读英语。 He is writing.他正在写字。You are running.你正在跑步。、一般疑问句Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语现在分词，如：1. -Are you singing?你正在唱歌吗？-Yes, I am.是的，我在唱歌。(No, Im not.不，我不在唱歌。)2. -Is he (she) listening to music?他(她)在听音乐吗？-Yes, he (she) is.是的，他(她)在听音乐。No, he (she) isnt.不，他(她)不在听音乐。、特殊疑问句疑问词be (am, is, are)主语现在分词，如： 1. -What are you doing?你正在干什么？ -I am doing my homework.我正在做作业。2. -What is he (she) doing?他(她)正在干什么？-He (She) is riding a bike.他(她)正在骑自行车。 、否定句 主语be(am, is, are)not+现在分词 I am not reading English我不在读英语。【注】这里的现在分词指的是doing形式；像look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在) 常出现在现在进行时态句子中。请看： 1.Look! Jack is swimming.看！杰克正在游泳。2.Listen! She is singing.听！她正在唱歌。3.I am cleaning my room now.现在我正在打扫房间。 1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking clean-cleaning draw-drawing 2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting (dance have write come) 3如果末尾是以辅音字母加一个元音字母再加一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping(put swim shop sit get forget let begin) 即学即练 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成否定句、一般疑问句并对划线部分提问) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ _ 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如： I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。 肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing 否定形式：主语+was not (wasnt)/were not (werent)+V-ing 疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing 用法一：表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while。例如： 1. We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 2. What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？ 3. It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 1John_（work） all day yesterday. 2. I _ (work) from six to eight every evening two years ago.3. I _(watch) TV when my mother_ (come) in. 4. The baby _ (sleep) when the mother came back.用法二：表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)1. What_you _（do） at ten oclock yesterday I_（study） in class2. When I _ （go） to school this morning I _ （see） a car running into a bus3. This time yesterday Jack _ (mend) his bike.4. It was six. The Greens _ (have) supper.用法三：在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him. 正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 1._ you _ (sweep) the floor while your mother _(cook) ? 2. We_ (listen) to the music while they_ (dance) . 3.What _you _(do) while I_ (make) a model plane. 4. While my mother _ (watch) TV, I _(make) a kite.1、I was very angry with Johnhe just_ when I spoke to him.【2013江苏徐州】 A. isnt listening B. hasnt listened C. didnt listen D. wasnt listening2、 I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered. Sorry, I _ with my friends at that time.【2013河南省】A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming3、 Mr. Li _ us a report on our environment when the earthquake happened in Japan.【2011湖南湘潭】 A. gave B.is giving C. was giving4、 Mr. Lee _ to a student when I entered the classroom this morning. - He is very patient _ _he is young. 【2011广东深圳】 A. talking; but B. talks; though C. was talking, though D. talked, however5、Were you at school when he came to see you? Yes, I _ a math class.【2011辽宁本溪】 A. had B. was having C. am having D. have 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，又叫非谓语动词，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；它由“to+动词原形”构成，这里的to是动词不定式符号，本身没有词义，其否定形式常在to前加not；由于它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还可以带疑问词和由for引出其逻辑主语等形成动词不定式短语；不定式或不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等句子成分。为更好地掌握其用法，现总结如下： 句法作用 例 句 作宾语She wanted to borrow my radio.They began to read and write. 作状语She went to see her grandma last Sunday .He came to give us a talk yesterday.作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.She asked me to speak more loudlyJim told Ling Feng to go home at once .The father made his son study hard. 作定语Have you got anything to say?I had something to eat this morning .作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy. 活学巧练 1. Tell him _ the light. A. to turn B. not to turn on C. to not turn D. not to turn2. It took us more than two hours _ the dinner. A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. to be prepared3. We felt the earth _. A. move B. moving C. to move D. be moved4. The students were made _ the text ten times. A. read B. reading C. to read D. to be read5. The chair looks rather hard _, but in fact it is very comfortable. A. to sit B. to sit on C. sitting D. sit6. Nobody knows _next. A. what to do B. to do what C. which to do D. how to do7. It is very important _ us _these words. A. to, to remember B. for, to remember C. for, remember D. for, remembering8. _ English well, one must have a lot practice. A. For speaking B. Speaking C. To speak D. Speak9. Im going to the library _ the books. A. return B. borrow C. to return D. to lend10. We went to town _ some shopping. A. doing B. did C. to make D. to do归纳总结 本节课，你的收获是什么呢？ Homework： 1. 熟记本次课所讲的语法点，完成讲义上课后作业； 2. 将课上所做的错题整理到错题本上； 3. 下次课前做好复习，上课听写。作业目的：检测你对在课堂上所学知识的掌握情况；作业检查：对你学习成果的肯定，发现问题帮助你解决，以取得更好的成绩；作业要求:字迹工整，审题仔细，作答认真，遇到不会的问题一定要做笔记找老师寻求帮助。 课后作业 ( ) 1.我在照看孩子. A. I am looking after the baby. B. Im look aftering the baby. C. I look am aftering the baby. D. I looking after the baby.( ) 2._friends making_a kite. A. I,me B. My,my C. My,me D. His,his( ) 3.Is the woman _ yellow your teacher? A. in B. putting on C. wearing D. having( ) 4.Look!The twins_their mother do the housework. A. are wanting B. help C. are helping D. are looking( ) 5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree. A.Who B. What C. How D. Where( )6. What were you doing this time yesterday? I _ on the grass and drawing a picture. A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting( )7. While I _ TV, the bell rang. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching( )8. Why didnt you answer my telephone yesterday? Sorry. I _ a bath. A. took B. take C. am taking D. was taking( )9. While the alien _ a souvenir, the girl called the police. A. was buying B. bought C. buys D. is buying( )10. I called you at 6 oclock yesterday evening, but nobody answered. Im sorry. I my friend download the movie Kung Fu Panda when the telephone rang, A. would help B. helped C. was helping( )11. I along the road when I saw Peter. So we stopped and had a chat. A. walked B. was walking C. would walk D. had walked( )12. The funny story _ me laugh. A. make B. making C. to make D. made( )13. After the final exam, I think all the students want _. A. stop to have a rest B. to stop having a rest C. to stop to have a rest D. stopping to have a rest( )14. It is very kind _ you to help me with my housework. It is hard _me to do all the work. A. of, for B. for, of C. of, to D. to, for( )15. Many people think it very difficult _ English. A. to say B. to learn C. speak D. for speaking 1Mr Zheng (read) a book now. 2. The rabbits (jump) now. 3. Look ! Tom and John (swim). 4. My brother (make) a kite in his room now. 5. Look! The bus (stop). 6. We (have) an English class now. 7. Listen! Someone is (come). 8. Do you know what they _ (do) this time yesterday? 9. They _ (have) supper when we _ (go) into the room. 10. It _ (rain) from 7 to 9 last night. 11. When she _ (arrive) I _ (telephone) Harry. 12. What _ you _ (do) yesterday at 7 pm? 13. When I _ (go) downstairs (楼下), they _ (eat) breakfast. 14. When we arrived, she _ (make) some fresh coffee. 15. I broke a glass, while I _ (cook) the dinner. 1. The boy is playing basketball. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_否定回答：_ 对“ The boy”提问：_2. You are doing your homework.(用I作主语改写句子) 3. they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.) 4. The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句) 5. We were having a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.（改为否定句） We _ _ a PE class at four yesterday afternoon. 6. Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯、否定回答） _ Kate _her lessons at eight last night? _ , she _ . _ , she _ . ( ) 1. How old are you? A. Fine, thank you. ( ) 2. Where do you live? B. Its “M”. ( ) 3. How is your father? C. Thank you. ( ) 4. Good morning! D. How do you do? ( ) 5. How are you? E. Good morning! ( ) 6. Sit down, please! F. Its here. ( ) 7. Are you Wei Hua? G. In China. ( ) 8. Whats this? H. Im seventeen. ( ) 9. How do you do? I. He is fine. Thank you. ( ) 10. Where is “H”? J. Yes, I am.