新人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）A卷

第 1 页 共 11 页 新人教版 2020 年备战中考初中英语专项训练 阅读理解 科普环保类 A 卷 姓名 班级 成绩 一 阅读理解 共 5 题 共 52 分 1 10 分 2019 泉州模拟 阅读理解 We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak Grass doesn t cry when you cut it flowers don t shout when they re picked But this view of the world couldn t be more wrong Plants talk to each other all the time Their language is one of chemicals Over the years scientists have found that different types of plants from trees to tomatoes send compounds 复合物 into the air to help neighboring plants But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still a mystery Scientists from Kyoto University in Japan looked at tomato plants that had been bitten by insects To start out they grew plants in two plastic bags connected by a tube 管子 One plant had been bitten by insects The other was not bitten They found that when insects bite plant leaves the plants don t sit quietly They send a chemical called hexvic into the air Humans can t notice it but these chemicals carry a smell that neighboring plants can notice This way neighboring plants realize the danger and begin to give off more hexvic to protect themselves The same scientists continued their research by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders much more than their neighbor It was surprising that the plants that had not been bitten didn t send the chemical until the received a warning message from their infested 受侵的 neighbor the scientists said These findings could be used to help farmers with the control of the insects which do harm to their plants 1 When bitten by insects the tomato plant A stayed quiet without doing anything 第 2 页 共 11 页 B died immediately after that C sent out a chemical to warn others D wouldn t be hurt again by the same insects 2 What does the underlined word invaders in Paragraph 5 refer to A Scientists B Insects C Compounds D Farmers 3 What can we learn from the research A Tomato plants are easily bitten by insects B The smell of hexvic is a kind of warning message C Hexvic can help plants kill all the insects near them D Plants won t give off chemicals until they are hurt 4 Which of the following is True according to the passage A Plants don t communicate with each other B Scientists did the research with two plants bitten by insects C The findings of the research help farmers to protect their plants D Communication among plants is no longer a mystery 5 What s the best title of the passage A Growing Tomatoes B Talking Plants C Harmful Chemicals 第 3 页 共 11 页 D Scientific Researches 2 12 分 阅读理解 Last year a special kind of glove came out It was invented to help blind people to learn Braille which is a special system for the blind to read by touching Shaking motors 震动马达 are put on each finger of the glove They can make different sounds to tell a user which letter he is touching Recently two British college students have invented another special glove for the blind It can make the user feel small and quick movements An ultrasonic sensor 超声波传感器 with a battery is put on the back of the glove When the user wearing the glove is close to an object 物体 ultrasonic waves 超声波 from the glove are sent out 发出 As soon as they hit the object in front the waves will return to the glove Then the waves cause the glove to shake And the ultrasonic sensor makes different kinds of sounds The sounds make the user know how far he is from the object In the college invention competition the two students got first prize and won 1 540 pounds One of the designers said Now the ultrasonic sensor on the glove is quite large We re going to use the money to develop a smaller and lighter ultrasonic sensor 1 The underlined word Braille in the passage means in Chinese A 盲文 B 口语 C 手语 2 The glove with an ultrasonic sensor A can make only one kind of sound B can make the user feel small and quick movements C was designed by two American college students 3 Picture shows how the glove with an ultrasonic sensor works according to the passage 第 4 页 共 11 页 A B C 4 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A The sounds from the ultrasonic sensor make the user know what the object is B The two college students wanted to use 15 400 pounds to develop the glove C The glove with shaking motors was invented for blind people 5 What is the best title for this passage A The Way to Make Gloves B Two Kinds of Special Gloves C An Ultrasonic Sensor and Shaking Motors 3 10 分 2018 八下 海淀期末 阅读理解 第 5 页 共 11 页 Rik rrork That s the sound made by frogs singing at night You might have thought the noises were just the musical sounds of ure You probably didn t realize that you were listening to frogs communicating with one another These familiar sounds are not random 随意的 but are actually meaningful to frogs Being Heard but Not Seen Frogs are good at being heard but not seen These animals have several characters that protect them n predators 捕食者 One is their size Most frogs are small which helps them hide easily Many frogs have coloring that allows them to hide in their environment making it difficult for predators to find them In addition most frogs are active at night So it is difficult for most animals to see them in the dark Small but Loud Frogs call to tell other frogs where they are Their voices can be very loud But when frogs feel the footsteps of a larger animal they become silent Many of the world s frogs live in rain forests where there are many different animals calling to their own species 物种 in their own ways Frogs need to call loudly enough to be heard through the noise in order to find other frogs Singing with Purpose Peter Narins is a scientist who studies how frogs call to one another He has learned that frogs use their calls to help them tell friend from enemy They sing the same notes at the same volume 音量 each time they call In addition Narins has found that frogs of the same species always sing the same patterns 模式 These patterns are like a code that is different from other animals calls and difficult for others to copy Narins also observed that timing plays a role in frog calls Many frogs call only at a certain time of night More Work to Do 第 6 页 共 11 页 Scientists want to better understand the purpose of frog calls Studies continue to explore the details of frogs unique communication Being heard but not seen is one way frogs stay safe The idea that they have found a way to survive in a dangerous world is simply amazing 1 Frogs are good at being heard but not seen because A they can not jump high B they can hide easily C they are not active enough D they have bright colors 2 Frogs need to call loudly to A drive away other species B tell friend from enemy quickly C be heard by other frogs D feel the footsteps of a larger animal 3 What can we learn from the passage A Frogs always sing the same notes at different volumes B Frogs stay safe in a dangerous world only by their calls C Some frogs call accidentally at different times of night D Some details of frogs communication still leave unknown 4 Which is probably the best title of the passage A Frog Songs B Life of Frogs C Frog Secrets D World of Frogs 第 7 页 共 11 页 4 10 分 2017 深圳模拟 阅读下列短文 从下面每小题的 A B C D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 C You probably know about Single s Day Nov 11 in China when people stay up very late at night to shop online in order to save a lot of money Well the US has something similar called Black Friday Black Friday is the Friday after Thanksgiving This year it fell on Nov 27 It s the start of the holiday shopping season and most people don t have to go to work that day So people start to think about what gifts they want to buy for Christmas The name Black Friday comes from ink A long time ago shops used ink for book keeping all their sales So when there was a lot of black ink on the page that meant the business sold a lot While Single s Day is usually for online shopping a lot of shopping on Black Friday is done at actual stores Shoppers look for deals especially on electronics like televisions computers and video game systems These things typically have high prices but on this day there are only a few available at the very low sale prices So people sometimes fight over these things Some people will wait in line for hours before midnight when stores finally open People camp out in the cold and sometimes get hurt when the doors open and people rush in But lately a few stores have been starting sales even earlier on Thanksgiving Day Stores do this to hopefully get more shoppers and stay ahead of the competition 1 What similarity do Single s Day and Black Friday have A Both of them fall on Nov 11 B People prepare for Christmas C People are crazy for shopping D Both of them are official holidays 2 第 8 页 共 11 页 Paragraph three tells us A how to buy goods that are on sale B how to do well in business C how to use ink for bookkeeping D why the day is called Black Friday 3 Which of the following about Black Friday is NOT true based on the text A Some electronic things have low prices that day B It is the biggest on line shopping day C It marks the beginning of the holiday shopping season D It takes effort to get some items with low prices that day 4 What is the passage mainly about A Introduction of Single s Day B Introduction of Black Friday C The importance of Thanksgiving D Differences between American and Chinese shopping styles 5 10 分 Now satellites 卫星 are helping to forecast the weather They are in space and they can reach any part of the world The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere 大气 because this is where the weather forms 形成 They send these pictures to the weather station So meteorologists 气象专家 can see the weather of any part of the world From the pictures the scientists can often say how the weather will change Today nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures When 第 9 页 共 11 页 they receive new pictures the meteorologists compare 比较 them with earlier ones Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours This may mean the weather on the ground may soon change too In their next weather forecast the meteorologists can say this So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists Before satellites were invented the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours Now they can make good forecasts for 3 or 5 days Soon perhaps they may forecast the weather for a week or more ahead 提前 1 Satellites travel A in space B in the atmosphere C above the ground D above space 2 Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere Because A the weather satellites can do it easily B clouds form there C the weather forms there D the pictures can forecast the weather 3 Meteorologists forecast the weather A when they have received satellite pictures B after they have compared new satellite pictures with earlier ones 第 10 页 共 11 页 C before they receive satellite pictures D while they study satellite pictures 4 Maybe we ll soon be able to forecast the weather for A one day B two days C five days D seven days or even longer 5 The main idea of this passage is that satellite is now used in A taking pictures of the atmosphere B receiving pictures of the atmosphere C doing other work in many ways D weather forecasting 第 11 页 共 11 页 参考答案 一 阅读理解 共 5 题 共 52 分 1 答案 略 2 答案 略 3 答案 略 4 答案 略 5 答案 略