新人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）B卷

第 1 页 共 11 页 新人教版 2020 年备战中考初中英语专项训练 阅读理解 科普环保类 B 卷 姓名 班级 成绩 一 阅读理解 共 5 题 共 52 分 1 10 分 2019 东营 阅读理解 What s a spacewalk Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft 航天器 while in space it is called a spacewalk Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons For example experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft This lets scientists learn how being in space affects 影 响 different things By going on spacewalks astronauts can also fix things instead of bringing them back to the earth to fix When astronauts go on spacewalks they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe Inside spacesuits astronauts have the oxygen 氧气 they need to breathe and the water they need to drink To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door When on a spacewalk astronauts use safety tethers to stay close to their spacecraft Tethers are like ropes connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft They keep astronauts from floating 漂浮 away into space Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER SAFER is worn like a backpack It helps an astronaut move around in space How do astronauts train for spacewalks One way is by going for a swim Floating in space is a lot like floating in water Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool For every one hour they will spend on a spacewalk astronauts need to train seven hours in the pool Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality 虚拟现实 It looks and feels just like a spacewalk Today only three countries have finished spacewalks independently They are Russia the United States and China The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astronaut to go on a spacewalk The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian astronaut Anatoly Solovyev He has been on 16 spacewalks and spent more than 82 hours outside in space 第 2 页 共 11 页 1 About the spacewalk we can know A some things can be fixed by astronauts during spacewalks B all experiments must be placed on the outside of a spacecraft C an astronaut can get out of a spacecraft any time while in space D a spacewalk lets scientists learn how being in space affects different things 2 How many ways to keep the astronauts safe during spacewalks A Two B Three C Four D Five 3 What s the meaning of the word tethers in Paragraph 2 A 吊篮 B 系绳 C 笼子 D 钩子 4 Astronauts train for spacewalks by A floating in space B using virtual reality C going on spacewalks outside a spacecraft D training in water in a common swimming pool 5 According to the passage which is NOT true A China can finish a spacewalk independently 第 3 页 共 11 页 B Astronauts can breathe and drink in spacesuits C Astronauts can move around in space with the help of SAFER D Anatoly Solovyev is the first person to go on a spacewalk in the world 2 12 分 2019 八下 仁寿期末 阅读短文 从每题所给的 A B C 和 D 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 In most parts of the world many students help their schools make less pollution They join environment clubs In an environment club people work together to make our environment clean Here are some things students often do No rubbish lunches How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school No car day On a no car day nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers Cars give pollution to us so remember Walk jump bike or run Use your legs It s lots of fun Turn off the water Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic 立方 meters of water an hour In a year that would fill in a small river In the environment clubs students repair those broken toilets We love our environment Let s work together to make it better 1 Environment clubs ask students A to run to school every day B to take exercise every day C not to have lunch at school D to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again 2 From the passage we know the students usually have lunch 第 4 页 共 11 页 A at school B in shops C in clubs D at home 3 On a no car day will take a car to school A both students and teachers B only students C neither students nor teachers D only teachers 4 After students mend toilets they save A a small river B a club C a lot of water D a toilet 5 The writer wrote the passage to ask students to A clean schools B make less pollution C join clubs D help teachers 3 10 分 2018 八上 天台期中 阅读理解 Birdwatching is a fun hobby Many people enjoy it every day You can also enjoy it Birdwatching does not have to take a lot of time or money With materials 材料 around your house you can build a good birdhouse You can start birdwatching in 30 minutes in your very own yard 第 5 页 共 11 页 It s very easy Materials you will need Milk box Glue Scissors Brown paint Tools for painting To build a better birdhouse Clean and dry the milk box Glue the top of the milk box shut Cut holes into the milk box for the birds to get into the birdhouse The size you use will determine which birds use the house You can cut one hole per side or two A good place to cut is about four inches 英寸 from the bottom 底部 Paint your milk box brown The color helps the birdhouse mix with the tree Cut holes into the milk box in the bottom of the box to let out any dirty things Add at least two small holes on the top of the box The top holes are to let in clean air Do this after painting or the paint could fill in your holes Put the box in a tree You can see the birdhouse from a window of your house Now you can watch your birds in any weather 1 People need to paint the birdhouse brown because it can make the birdhouse A look larger B look more natural C look stronger D look more beautiful 2 The underlined word determine probably means in Chinese A 决定 B 符合 第 6 页 共 11 页 C 判断 D 适应 3 From the passage we can know that A building a birdhouse alone takes a lot of time B you should cut the holes on the top before painting C bird watching won t cost people much time or money D you can t watch your birds in the birdhouse on rainy days 4 What s the best title for the passage A How to go birdwatching B Different kinds of birdhouses C How to build a birdhouse D A better place to watch birds 4 10 分 根据短文理解 选择正确答案 Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood powered or coal powered stoves One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun Crosby Menzies a solar power expert in a South African company described his latest solar cooker called the Sol 4 It is four square meters of mirrors six to eight meters in length It is quite a large cooker The Sol 4 works by reflecting 反射 light from the sun off large mirrors The mirrors direct 把 对准 the light at a cooking pan Then the light heats the pan with solar energy Within two minutes the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions In just four minutes water can be boiled That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity The cooker is also much friendlier than other models because people do not have to stand in 第 7 页 共 11 页 the sun to use it And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke At present the cooker only works when the sun is shining But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight Each cooker costs about 2 000 which is a large amount of money for most Africans To solve that problem Crosby Menzies has created a non governmental organization called Solar Cookers for Africa It plans to raise money through donations to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment 1 This passage is mainly about A solar cookers B smoke pollution C solar power experts D breathing illnesses 2 The Sol 4 is mainly used to A shorten the time of cooking B reduce the cost of making cookers C raise money through donations to help African people D reduce the number of deaths caused by harmful smoke 第 8 页 共 11 页 3 The underlined word individuals most probably means A cookers B mirrors C people D experts 4 Which of the following about the Sol 4 is TRUE A It is six to eight square meters of mirrors B It can work in any weather condition now C It can also heat the pan by lighting firewood D It is more environment friendly than other cookers 5 From the passage we can infer that A the Sol 4 will be designed in a smaller size B more Africans can use the solar cookers in the future C the Sol 4 is the first product of the South African company D the African government will provide poor people with solar cookers 5 10 分 根据短文内容 选择正确答案 D Do you know a kind of bird called tawny owl Where does it come from It comes from Finland 芬 兰 What color is it It is brown Are all the tawny owls brown No Tawny owls come in two colors pale gray and brown And in Finland it often snowed in winter Many tawny owls were pale gray But 第 9 页 共 11 页 as the Finnish 芬兰的 winters get warmer there are more brown ones Why is that The University of Helsinki team tries to study tawny owls They find that tawny owls get the color from their parents The gray owls could get food easily in the snow in the past But now the winter is warmer There is little snow so the brown owls can live well too The number of the owls is getting bigger The leader of the team Dr Patrick Karell said that the birds change their color to meet the weather We are sure the weather change can do something to the animals 1 Tawny owls come in two colors A pale gray and black B pale gray and brown C blue and brown D yellow and brown 2 What was the weather like in Finland in the past A It was warm B It was windy C It was snowy D It was rainy 3 What does the underlined word meet mean A To see and talk with sb B To change something to suit different conditions 第 10 页 共 11 页 C Tb suffer from sth D To fight against sth 4 Which of the following is WRONG A The tawny owl comes from Finland B In Finland it was cold in winter C There is little snow so the brown owls can live well D There is little snow so the gray owls can live well 第 11 页 共 11 页 参考答案 一 阅读理解 共 5 题 共 52 分 1 答案 略 2 答案 略 3 答案 略 4 答案 略 5 答案 略