初中英语定语从句练习.doc

定语从句 一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。 2，代替先行词。 3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语,不能省略。 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy( whom) I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3) The man (who/whom) you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 (关连词不可以省略)关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. -The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. - Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) Well go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. - Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等1) This is the watch which/that I am looking f or. (T)2)This is the watch for which I am looking. F2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) -The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T) -The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (F) (2) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) - The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)四关系副词引导的定语从句 1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) (2) The time when we got together finally came. 2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.难点分析 （一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况1 当先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,something , few, all, none, little, some,much,any,every等代词时， (1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? (2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. (3) All that can be done has been done (4) There is little that I can do for you. 注意：someone, anyone, somebody, anybody关系代词既可以用that和who 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰 (1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 (1) This is the best film that I have seen. (2)This is the best novel that i have ever read. 4. 当形容词被the very, the only, the same, the last等修饰时 (1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, (2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. (3) The white flower is the only one that I really like. (4) The last place that we visited was the chemical works. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时,为避免重复，要用that. (1) Who is the man that is standing there? (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。1. This is the factory where we visited last week. 2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. 3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two. 4. The house in that we live is very small. 5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow. 6. Ive read all the books which I borrowed from the library. 7. This is the best film which I have ever seen. 8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.9. Everything which we saw was of great interest. 10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.11. The reason which he didnt go to school is that he was ill.12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard. 14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors. 15. Were going to visit the school where your brother works there. 16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.17. That is the way which they work. 18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.19. Who is the man who has white hairs?20. I will never forget the days which we had a goodtime together at the sea. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1. What surprised me was not what he said but_ he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 2. There was _ time _ I hated to go toschool. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when 3. I work in a business_ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that 4. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 5. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _ made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which6. _ is reported in the newspapers, talks be- tween the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What 7. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose8. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that9. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine. A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which 10. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. itB. that C. thisD. which11. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which12. There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the large B. the large of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句55题1. _ is known to the world, Chinas Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the mens 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games. A. That B. Which C. As D. It2. I dont know the reason _ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason _ you havent told me.A. why; that B. that; why C. because; which D. of which; that3. When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people _ she had visited.A. that B. who C. where D. which4. Because of the traffic jam _ I was caught, I was late for the meeting.A. by which B. in which C. that D. where5. There are three things _ make Sydney famous ? its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. A. what B. that C. when D. where 6. The soldiers had to sleep in their wet clothes, _ most uncomfortable.A. which I think it was B. which I think was C. which I think D. that I think was 7. The humans are destroying nature day by day, _ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A. who B. when C. where D. which 8. _ China got the second place in the 2004 Olympic Games made the wholenation very excited.A. Whenever B. Whether C. If D. That9. _ was of little importance. A. Whether he passed the examination or notB. No matter he might pass the examinationC. He might pass the examination D. What he passed the examination10. _ was known to them that Bob had broken his promise _ he would give them a rise.A. What; what B. It; which C. As; that D. It; that 11. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A. For now B. Since that C. Now that D. By now 12. _ he was, he sat up late studying last night. A. As tired B. Though tired C. Tired as D. Tired although 13. - Would you like a cigarette?- No. Its several years _ I gave up smoking.A. after B. since C. when D. before14. It is an interesting story and one cant put it down _ one has finished reading it. A. after B. when C. unless D. until15. - Will you go to Marys birthday party?- No. _ invited, I cant go. Ill be too busy then. A. If B. Unless C. Even if D. When 1This is the best factory _we visited last year . A. where B. which C. in which D. that 2.Is this the factory _computers are built ? A. that B. which C. in which D. in that 3.please pass me the dictionary _cover is red . A. whose B.its C. which D. which of 4.The man _has arrived . A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about 5. Do you know the comrade _we are talking ? A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that 6. They visited the house _the great writer was born . A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where 7. The comrade _is speaking at the meeting is my teacher . A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 8. He asked us to watch carefully everything _he did in class . A. who B. that C. what D. where 9. Ill visit the professor tomorrow ,_he will be back from Shanghai . A. who B. that C. when D. which 10.The school _I study is a new one . A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which 11. China has many islands,_the largest is Taiwan . A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which 12. The city _my mother grew up is not far from here . A. what b. where C. that D. which 13. Our teacher lives in the house _door facts to the north . A. which B. his C. that D. whose 14. Do you know the man _your father nodded ? A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom 15.Wresting is a sport in _people easily get hurt . A. that B. when C. which D. what 16. I told you _I know . A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom 17.China has a lot of famous writers ,one _is Lu Xun . A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them 18. Is this factory _we visited last year ? A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one 19. Who is the man _was there ? A. who B. which C. that D. whom 20. Is there anything _I can do for you, sir ? A. that B. which C. whose D. who 21. I still remember the day _she first wore that green dress . A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which 22. The knife _we used to cut the bread is very sharp . A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which 23. The games _the young men competed in were difficult . A. in which B. which C. it D. who 用合适的关系词填空，并说明其做的成分：1.I dont like people _ get angry easily. 2.Here is the man _ you want to see.3.This is the girl _ wallet was stolen yesterday.4.Do you know the woman to _ she was talking.5.Do you know the woman _ she was talking to.6.Dont buy potatoes _ are green. 7.The fish _ they sell are not fresh.8.The tool with _ he is working is called a saw.9.The tool _ he is working with is called a saw.1. What surprised me was not what he said but_ he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 2.Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 3. _is reported in the newspapers, talks be- tween the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What 4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. thisD. which5. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which6. _ is known to the world, Chinas Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the mens 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games. A. That B. Which C. As D. It7.When she came back , Lucy told us about the cities and the people_she had visited. A. that B. who C. where D. which8. There are three things _ make Sydney famous. A. what B. that C. when D. where 9. - Would you like a cigarette?- No. Its several years _ I gave up smoking.A. after B. since C. when D. before10. It is an interesting story and one cant put it down _ one has finished reading it. A. after B. when C. unless D. until11. - Will you go to Marys birthday party?- No. _ invited, I cant go. Ill be too busy then. A. If B. Unless C. Even if D. When 12.Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learnB. who C. thatD. who learn13.Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that againstsB. that againstC. who is againstD. who are against14.Mr. Smith is one of the foreign experts who _ in China. A. worksB. is working C. are working D. has been working15.Have you seen the girl_?A.that I told B.I told you of C.whom I told you D.I told you of him16. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. Who C. from whomD. to whom17. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talkedB. you talked about it C. which you talked withD. you talked about18. The matter _ you were arguing about last night has been settled. A. thatB. what C. whyD. for which19. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school. A. whichB. that C. whoD. whom20. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing? A. whichB. who C. whomD. that21. All the apples _fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. thatB. Those C. whichD. what22. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all whichB. what all C. that allD. all23. This is the biggest laboratory _ we have ever built in our school.A. whichB. what C. whereD. /24. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. thatB. / C. whichD. it25. Is there anything _to you?A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belongD. which belongs26. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.A. thatB. Which C. whosD. Whose27. Please pass me the dictionary _cover is black. A. whichB. which of C. itsD. whose28. He is the only one of the boys who _the piano well.A. plays B. Play C. playingD. are playing29. He asked me _ I needed. A. thatB. which C. whatD. /30. That scientist _ work is successful has been made a model worker. A. whichB. who C. whosD. Whose