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2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例W washwash away wash表示“洗(手、衣服等)”,既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词; wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”,作及物动词短语用。 EXERCISES The flood some of the houses in the village He his face and hands,then went downstairs You must before dinner (Keys: washed away washed wash) wear;have on;put on;dress;(be)in颜色(服装、眼镜等) wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等,以强调“穿(戴)着”的状态。例如: Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter 吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。 have on作“穿(戴)着”解,同wear一样,也表状态,但不用于进行时态。例如: Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today(Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today) 小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。 put on着重强调“穿(戴)上”的动作。例如: I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter 冬天,我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。 dress既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。例如: 1)Her mother is dressing her 她母亲正在给她穿衣服。 2)The nurses are dressed in white 护士穿着白衣服。 “(be)in颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态,在句中作表语或定语。例如: He is in uniform today 他今天穿着制服。 work onwork at work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”,后面接名词、代词或Ving,强调做具体的事;还可表示“继续工作”、“努力说服”,既可作及物动词短语用,又可作不及物动词短语用。例如: Miss Liu is working on a new book刘老师正在写一部新书。 Well work on till midnight我们将继续工作到午夜。 work at表示“致力于”、“从事于”、“研究”、“学习”,后面接名词、代词或Ving,强调把时间和精力等用在某一方面的事情上,侧重于说明所从事的工作性质。例如: Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention张先生正从事于一项新的发明。 He has worked at this subject for many years他研究这门学科已经好多年了。 would do sth; used to do sth这两个短语都可以表示“过去经常做某事”,但区别是: would do sth表示过去某一段时间内习惯性的行为、活动;used to do sth在时间上主要是同现在对比,暗含“现在已不这样了”的意思;其后既可接表示动作的动词,也可接表示认知或状态的动词。 2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例V vast; huge 两者都是形容词,意思是“巨大的、庞大的”。 在强调面积和范围的宽广或博大时,用vast;指体积或容量等方面“巨大、超过一般标准”时,用huge。如: This area is covered in vast forests 这个地区被一片广阔无垠的森林覆盖。 Thats a huge ship 那艘船好大。 very; right; just 三者都含有“正好;就是”之意, very是形容词,用来修饰名词,位于the, this,my等限定词后; right和just作副词,用来修饰谓语(常为动词be)或作状语的介词短语等,须放在the, this,my等限定词之前。如: At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam 就在学期开始的时候,他们举行了一次考试。 He is just the actor I want他正是我所想要的演员。 The police looked at the thief right in the eye警察目不转睛地盯着小偷。 2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例U used to; be used to; get used to used to意为“过去常常(做某事)”,后接动词原形。常用来表示今昔对比,含“(现在)已不那样做了”之意。如: She used to work hard她过去工作很努力。(暗指现在工作不努力了。) be used to 有两个含义:“被用来做某事”,后接动词原形。“习惯于;适应”,后接名词、代词或ving,表示一种状态。如: Computers are used to do many things for people now 现在计算机被用来做许多事情。 He is used to hard work 他现在习惯于艰苦的工作。 She isnt used to living in the countryside now 她不习惯在乡下生活。 get used to 意为“习惯于”,表示一个动作,含“由不适应向适应的转变”,其后接名词、代词或ving。如: Youll soon get used to the weather here你很快就会适应这儿的天气。 2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例T take along; take care of; take place; take out 1) Miss Wang a handkerchief and blew her nose 2) Mr Zhang some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there 3) Since 1996, great changes in our school 4) My grandmother was illI must stay at home to her 析: took out。表示“拿出;掏出”。 took along。表示“携带;随身带着”,其中along是副词。 have taken place。表示“发生”,相当于一不及物动词,无被动语态。 take care of。表示“照料;照管;照顾”。 tell from; tell between 二者均为习惯用法:tell A from B意为“区分A和B”,也可以说成tell the difference between A and B。如:Can you tell American English from British English 你能分辨出美国英语和英国英语吗?To tell the truth, I really cant tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians 老实说,我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人。 the same as;the same that the same as是表示“相似或同一类的人和事”之意。例如: Many of the sports were the same as they are now 过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。 This is the same book as Mr Wang lost 这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样。 而the same that作“同一个人或同一件事”解。例如: This is the same book that Mr Wang lost 这本书就是王先生丢失的那本书。 That is the same bike that I lost 那辆自行车就是我丢失的那辆。 think ofthink aboutthink over 这三个词组都与“想”有关,但所表达的含义有所不同。 think of多用来指“想起,认为”。 如:Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents昨晚我睡觉前,想起了我的父母。 What do you think of that book?你认为那本书怎么样? think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考”。 如:Think about what you have done!想想你所做的这一切吧! think over意思是“仔细考虑,认真思考”。 如:Before you answer this question,please think it over在回答这个问题之前,请认真考虑一下。 this kind of, of this kind 二者都表示“这种”,但“this kind of名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与kind保持一致;“名词of this kind”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与该名词保持一致。如: This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce 这种女演员不难找,可是这种导演却不多见。 though;although;as 这三个词都可以表示“虽然”、“尽管”。though和although引导让步状语从句时,常可互换,只是although的语气更强一些。如: ThoughAlthough it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors 此外,though可以用于省略句,although很少这样用though引导的从句可以部分倒装,although引导的从句不用倒装语序。如: Though poor, he is always neatly dressed Poor though I am, I can afford it as表示“虽然”、“尽管”引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序,将表语、状语等置于句首。 Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer 注意:as引导让步状语从句时,若充当表语的名词位于句首,则该名词前面不用冠词。 through; over; across; into 1) The PLA man jumped the water to save the boy 2) The highway goes under the river the tunnel 3) There is a bridge the river 4) The ship sailed the Atlantic 5) The students walked the gate with Mr Liu 析: into。意为“进入;到里”,含动作方向为由外向里之意。 through。意为“通过;穿过”,侧重于指从物体的中间穿过。 over。此处意为“(位置)横跨;在上面”,表示动作时为“越过”之意。 across。意为“横过;穿过”,一般指从房间、原野、海洋等一端横越到另一端或两个动作方向成十字交叉状。 trip;journey;travel;tour trip是非正式用语,指短时间内往返的商业旅行或观光旅行。如: We went on a pleasant trip to the nearest seaside during our vacation 在假期里我们到最近的海滨作了一次愉快的旅行。 journey常指由某一地点到另一地点的旅行,也指旅行的路程,是比较正式的用语。如: He made a long journey from Beijing to London 他从北京到伦敦做了一次长途旅行。 travel泛指旅行、游历,是最为普通的用语,但无路程的含义。如: He came home after five years of travel 五年的旅行后,他回到家中。 tour常指访问多处的观光旅行,常指周游后回到原出发地之意。如: Confucius began to make his tour among the states 孔夫子开始周游列国。 try on; try out try on指“试穿(衣服、鞋子)”及“试戴(帽子)”等,其中的on为副词,当宾语是代词时,该宾语要放在on之前;如果宾语是名词,该宾语放在on之前或之后均可。例如: try on a coattry a coat on 试穿衣服 The new hat is for youPlease try it on 这新帽子是给你的,请试试看。 try out指“试验或试用”某种机器、理论或方法,其中的out为副词,当宾语是代词时,try out要分开用。例如: We tried out this new crop on a large area last year 去年我们大面积试种这种新庄稼。 Ill try it out and see if it works 我来试试看能否行得通。 考试管理中心 2009-08-23 22:59 2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例T take along; take care of; take place; take out 1) Miss Wang a handkerchief and blew her nose 2) Mr Zhang some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there 3) Since 1996, great changes in our school 4) My grandmother was illI must stay at home to her 析: took out。表示“拿出;掏出”。 took along。表示“携带;随身带着”,其中along是副词。 have taken place。表示“发生”,相当于一不及物动词,无被动语态。 take care of。表示“照料;照管;照顾”。 tell from; tell between 二者均为习惯用法:tell A from B意为“区分A和B”,也可以说成tell the difference between A and B。如:Can you tell American English from British English 你能分辨出美国英语和英国英语吗?To tell the truth, I really cant tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians 老实说,我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人。 the same as;the same that the same as是表示“相似或同一类的人和事”之意。例如: Many of the sports were the same as they are now 过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。 This is the same book as Mr Wang lost 这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样。 而the same that作“同一个人或同一件事”解。例如: This is the same book that Mr Wang lost 这本书就是王先生丢失的那本书。 That is the same bike that I lost 那辆自行车就是我丢失的那辆。 think ofthink aboutthink over 这三个词组都与“想”有关,但所表达的含义有所不同。 think of多用来指“想起,认为”。 如:Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents昨晚我睡觉前,想起了我的父母。 What do you think of that book?你认为那本书怎么样? think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考”。 如:Think about what you have done!想想你所做的这一切吧! think over意思是“仔细考虑,认真思考”。 如:Before you answer this question,please think it over在回答这个问题之前,请认真考虑一下。 this kind of, of this kind 二者都表示“这种”,但“this kind of名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与kind保持一致;“名词of this kind”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与该名词保持一致。如: This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce 这种女演员不难找,可是这种导演却不多见。 though;although;as 这三个词都可以表示“虽然”、“尽管”。though和although引导让步状语从句时,常可互换,只是although的语气更强一些。如: ThoughAlthough it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors 此外,though可以用于省略句,although很少这样用though引导的从句可以部分倒装,although引导的从句不用倒装语序。如: Though poor, he is always neatly dressed Poor though I am, I can afford it as表示“虽然”、“尽管”引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序,将表语、状语等置于句首。 Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer 注意:as引导让步状语从句时,若充当表语的名词位于句首,则该名词前面不用冠词。 through; over; across; into 1) The PLA man jumped the water to save the boy 2) The highway goes under the river the tunnel 3) There is a bridge the river 4) The ship sailed the Atlantic 5) The students walked the gate with Mr Liu 析: into。意为“进入;到里”,含动作方向为由外向里之意。 through。意为“通过;穿过”,侧重于指从物体的中间穿过。 over。此处意为“(位置)横跨;在上面”,表示动作时为“越过”之意。 across。意为“横过;穿过”,一般指从房间、原野、海洋等一端横越到另一端或两个动作方向成十字交叉状。 trip;journey;travel;tour trip是非正式用语,指短时间内往返的商业旅行或观光旅行。如: We went on a pleasant trip to the nearest seaside during our vacation 在假期里我们到最近的海滨作了一次愉快的旅行。 journey常指由某一地点到另一地点的旅行,也指旅行的路程,是比较正式的用语。如: He made a long journey from Beijing to London 他从北京到伦敦做了一次长途旅行。 travel泛指旅行、游历,是最为普通的用语,但无路程的含义。如: He came home after five years of travel 五年的旅行后,他回到家中。 tour常指访问多处的观光旅行,常指周游后回到原出发地之意。如: Confucius began to make his tour among the states 孔夫子开始周游列国。 try on; try out try on指“试穿(衣服、鞋子)”及“试戴(帽子)”等,其中的on为副词,当宾语是代词时,该宾语要放在on之前;如果宾语是名词,该宾语放在on之前或之后均可。例如: try on a coattry a coat on 试穿衣服 The new hat is for youPlease try it on 这新帽子是给你的,请试试看。 try out指“试验或试用”某种机器、理论或方法,其中的out为副词,当宾语是代词时,try out要分开用。例如: We tried out this new crop on a large area last year 去年我们大面积试种这种新庄稼。 Ill try it out and see if it works 我来试试看能否行得通。 考试管理中心 2009-08-23 22:59 2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例S satisfaction; content satisfaction“满足”,为名词,指达到希望时所感觉到的较强的满足感,其形容词为satisfactory(指事物,不可用人作主语)或satisfied(可用人作主语)。例如: His success gave me great satisfaction 他的成功令我非常满意。 Your work is satisfactory 你的工作令人满意。 I am satisfied at your success 我对你的成功感到满意。 content“满足”,为普通用语,语气较弱,其要求值不高,一般的事情只要过得去或没有什么不满就算content,可作名词或形容词(可用人作主语)。例如: He takes content in nothing 他这人从不知足。 He takes content in everything 他这人容易满足。 He is content to live in the countryside 他满足于住在乡下。 search;search for; searchfor;in search of search vtsearch sb搜某人的身;search a place 搜某个地方。如: The policeman is searching a thief那警察正在搜小偷的身。 search for sbsth搜寻、寻找某人、某物。如: They searched for that man everywhere他们到处寻找那个人。 searchfor sbsth搜寻找某人、某物。如: They searched the woods for a lost child他们在树林里搜寻一个丢失的孩子。 insearch of中的search为名词,意为“寻找;寻求”。如: They went to Australia in search of gold他们去澳大利亚寻找金子。 search; search for; look for search用作及物动词,后跟“人”时,意为“搜身”;后跟地点名词时,表示“对某地进行搜查”。也可在宾语后加for短语,表示搜查具体目标。如: The policemen searched everyone at the party 警察对参加聚会的每个人都进行了搜身。 The enemy searched the mountain for the Red Army, but they failed 敌人在山上搜寻红军,但没找到。 search for意为“寻找”,可视为是searchfor的省略式,此时search为不及物动词。如: She searched for her lost cat everywhere,but failed 她到处寻找走失的猫,但没找到。 另外,search用作名词,常构成短语:in ones search for相当于in search of, 后者search前不用冠词或人称代词。如: They went out in their search for foodThey went out in search of food他们外出寻找食物。 look for意为“寻找”,但没有search for注意力集中,地点名词不可直接跟在look后作宾语,其前需加介词。如: What are you looking for on the playground 你在操场上找什么呢? set up;set out;set off;set about set up 建立政权、组织、国家等。如: The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse政府已成立工作组调查毒品泛滥问题。 set out 出发;动身。如: They set out for Beijing yesterday他们昨天动身去北京。(此种情况下out可用off替换)。 set out to do sth开始做某事。如:She set out to break the world land speed record她决心打破陆上速度的世界纪录。 set off使(地雷、炸弹)等爆炸。如:Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off 要格外小心这些烟火,稍有火星就会引起爆炸。 set sboff doing sth使某人开始干某事。如: Her imitations always set us off laughing她模仿别人的动作,每次都把我们逗笑。 set about用于set about sthdoing sth结构中,表示开始做某事,着手干某事。如: The new government must set about finding solutions to the countrys economic problems 新政府必须立即找出解决国家经济问题的办法。 sosuch 两者都可以表示“如此”、“这样”。so是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词;such是形容词,用来修饰名词,如果修饰单数可数名词(名词前常有形容词修饰),其后需加不定冠词a或an,即把不定冠词置于such的后面,形容词的前面。 例如:He writes so well他字写得这么好。 He told us such a funny story他给我们讲了一个很有趣的故事。 另外,当名词前有many,much,few,little等词修饰时,用so,不用such;当单数可数名词前有形容词修饰时,也可以用so,但要调整冠词的位置,即冠词置于形容词之后,单数可数名词前。例如: They made so much noise,our teacher got angry他们吵得这么历害,老师生气了。 Its so cold a day to day(Its such a cold day today)今天是这么寒冷的一天。 so as to; in order to; soas to so as to与in order to二者均表示“以便;为了”,后接动词不定式作目的状语,可以换用;但so as to引导的目的状语不能置于句首,而in order to则可以。如: He stopped working in order toso as to take a rest他停止工作以便休息。 In order to make a living, he had to work day and night为了谋生,他不得不日夜工作。 “so形容词副词as to”的意思是“如此的以致于”,引导表示结果的状语。如: He ran so fast as to get a pain in his side他跑得太快,结果导致腹侧疼痛。 sometimessometimesome time sometimes是个频度副词,意为“有时”,表示动作发生的不经常性,常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。如: Sometimes I have lunch at school有时我在学校吃午饭。 sometime是个副词,意为“某时”,指时间上不确定的某一点,常用于过去时或将来时。如: I saw him sometime in July七月有一天我曾见到过他。 some time是个名词短语,意思是“一段时间”,在句中常与for,take等词连用。如: Ill stay here for some time 我将在这儿呆一段时间。 sow;plant;grow sow意为“播、撒、播种、种”,其后跟(the)seeds或“植物(结成种状的)”。如: Its time to sow wheat now 现在该种小麦了。 Dont sow the seeds of hatred 请不要撒下仇恨的种子。(比喻用法) plant意为“栽、插、移植”,其后跟作物(多为苗状的)。如: He plants rice fastest in the village 他在那个村子里插秧的速度最快。 The garden was planted with Chinese roses 园子里栽上了月季。 grow作及物动词时,意为“种植、培植”,后接宾语(不表明种状还是苗状,强调种植后的栽培及管理过程);作不及物动词时,意为“生长、发育”;作系动词时,意为“变得”。如: They can only grow potatoes in the fields 他们只能在地里种土豆。 It grows up straight and thin 它长得又直又细。 It began to grow dark 天渐渐黑了。 spend/take/pay spend“花费”常用于 Sbspend(s)some money(time)on sth或 Sbspend(s)some money(time)(in)doing sth其主语一般是人。 如:He spent 20 yuan on the pen他花了20元钱买了这支钢笔。 I spent a week(in)finishing reading the book我花了一周时间读完这本书。 take常用于占用或花费“时间”,其句型为:Sthtakes sbtime 或 It takes sbtime to do sth 如:The work will take us two hours这项工作将花费我们两小时。 It took me three days to travel to Beijing我在北京旅游了三天。 pay“付款、给报酬”,它可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。pay常用于以下几种句型:Sbpay(s)sbmoney意为“某人付款给另一个人或某人给另一个人多少报酬”。 如:He pays me fifty yuan a week他每周给我五十元的报酬。 pay for sth意为“付款、给报酬”。 如:He has paid for the meal他已付了那顿饭的钱。 pay money for sth意为“花多少钱买某物”。如:My father paid 40 pounds for the desk我父亲花了40英磅买了这张书桌。 stepwalk 这两个词都与“走、步行”有关,它们都可以作动词或名词。step多用来指“短步,台步或急步”,而walk多用来表示“漫步,散步或稳步”。 如:作动词The young man stepped into the house那位年轻人走进房子里。(表示走的动作短、急)The young man walked into the house那位年轻人走进房子里。(表示走的动作慢、稳) 作名词 We heard his steps of coming home我们听到了他回家的脚步声。(表示脚步声) Lets have(take)a walk,shall we?咱们散散步,好吗?(表示四处走动走动) steady;firm firm常译为“坚固的”,“坚决的”,表示具体的事物地位牢固不易动摇;也可表示意志、信仰的“坚定”。如: We must stop people walking on this floor until it is firm 我们一定不能让人在这地板上走动,要等地板牢固了才行。 Our friendship is as firm as a rock 我们的友谊坚如磐石。 steady则意为“稳固的”,“扎实的”,强调保持平衡不动摇,如指有形物,则指根基的稳固;也可用于指运动中的平稳。如: It is hard to hold a steady position on the beam 在平衡木上保持平衡是很困难的。 He is making steady progress他正取得稳步的进步。 stoppauseend 三者都表示“停止”,都可作动词用。 stop后跟to do时,表示停下来去做另一件事;后跟doing时,表示停止正在做的事情。如: He stopped to greet us 他停下来向我们打招呼。 I have stopped smoking 我已戒烟了。 pause含有“休、止”之义,强调“中止”。如: end多指“自然的结束”。如: The book ends on page 364 该书在第364页结束。 struggle; fight fight意为“打仗,战斗,和作斗争”。常构成词组:fight for为而战;fight against为反对而斗争;fight with和一起战斗。如: Lincoln fought hard for freedom of all people林肯为全民的自由而奋斗。 Some countries who fought with each other in World War II fought against each other in the Cold War 有些在二战中并肩作战的国家在冷战中却互相进行争斗。 struggle意为“挣扎”,也可指“斗争”,与fight相比,斗争更为费力,处境更难。struggle against和(同)斗争; struggle for为斗争。如: The Canadians struggled all through the years with us against the Japanese 那些加拿大人那些年一直和我们一起同日本人斗争。 The book is about their struggle for liberation 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。 supply; provide 两者均可表示“供应;供给”,指对于缺乏或不足的事物进行补充或供给,用法如下: supply常与tofor或with连用,其结构是:supply sthtofor sb或supply sbwith sth。例如: They supply food tofor the survivorsThey supply the survivors with food他们供应食物给幸存者。 provide常与for或with连用,其结构是:provide sthfor sb或provide sbwith sth。例如: He provides food and clothes for his familyHe provides his family with food and clothes他给家人提供衣食。 考试管理中心 2009-08-23 22:59 2010高考英语常用词汇辨析500例R raise; keep; support; feed 这四个词都有“抚养”、“养家”、“赡养”的意思,但也有区别。 raise意为“抚养(指人);饲养(指动物或禽畜)”之意。如: He raised the children himself;his wife died years ago他的妻子多年以前就去世了,他一手把孩子拉扯大。 He raised those goats from new-born kids那些羊从小羊羔时就是他喂养的。 keep表示“养活(指人);饲养(指动物或禽畜)”。如: John has his wife and six children to keep(support)约翰要养活妻子和六个孩子。 They kept some hens and pigs他们养了一些鸡和猪。 support意为“养活”,不用于饲养动物。如: She supports her old mother她赡养老母亲。 He has a large family to support他要养活一大家子。 feed意为“喂养;饲养;以为食”。如: Have you fed the babycow yet?婴儿牛喂了吗? She fed meat to her dog. She fed her dog withon meat她用肉喂狗。 Foxes feed on small animals狐狸以小动物为食。 rather thanwould rather(than) rather than是连词,前后两端所连的词性是一致的,通常译为“而不是”或“与其说是不如说是”,有时可用短语介词instead of替代。例如: He was writing a letter rather than(instead of)reading the newspaper他那时正在写信而不在看报纸。 John should go rather than(instead of)Jean应该去的是约翰,而不是简。 These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty这些鞋子谈不上漂亮,但穿起来倒很舒服。 Evans is a doctor rather than a teacher与其说埃文斯是个老师,不如说是个医生。 would rather表示选择或主观上的愿望,其中的would亦可理解为had。它表示“宁愿、宁可”的意思。如果要把取舍的双方都表达出来,则应该用would(or:had)ratherthan,表示“宁愿也不”的意思。例如: My aunt invited me to the film, but I said Id rather go on a picnic with the girls 我的姑妈邀请我去看电影,可是我说我倒愿意跟女孩子们一起去野餐。 I am sure they would(or:had)rather die than give up我深信他们一定会宁死不屈。 refer to; referto refer to意为“谈及”,“提到”;“查阅”,“参考”。如: You are the very person I referred to just now你正是我刚才所指的人。 Please refer to the map of the city when you first drive here 当你第一次在这儿驾驶时,请参看市政地图。 referto意为“把提交给”,“把归功于”“让处理查找”,可用于被动语态。如: The dispute was referred to the United Nations争端被提交联合国解决。 He referred me to the notes他建议我参看一下注释。 We referred our great development to the correct leadership of the Party 我们把我们所取得的巨大发展归功于党的正确领导。 reply;answer 二者均可表示“回答”,可作名词和动词。answer 为一般用语,主要用于对问题、指责等的回答;reply的用法较正式,多用于对问题作出解释、辩论或陈述性回答。二者作名词时都指“的答案或答复”,均与 to 连用。例如: Answer this question 回答这个问题。 I asked her the reason, but she didnt reply 我问她为什么,她却不回答。 I received no reply answer to my request 我的要求没有收到任何答复。 answer 后面可直接跟宾语,而reply 跟宾语时须与 to 连用;answer 可表示对电话、敲门等作出的“应答”,reply 则不能。例如: You must reply toanswer this letter right away 你应当马上回复这封信。 Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话? 如果是指练习题的“答案”,一般用 answer。例如: The answer to 610 is 60 6乘以10 的答案是60。 reporter; journalist reporternews reporter“新闻记者”,特指外出采访的记者。 journalist“记者”泛指新闻工作者,如报纸的编辑、采访记者、摄影记者都可以叫journalist。 roadstreetwaypath road意为“路”,“道路”,指供车辆或人通过的广阔平坦的大道,常指“公路”,“马路”等,两侧一般没有建筑物。例如: Jim and Li Lei meet on the road吉姆和李雷在路上相遇。 The car is running along the road汽车沿着这条路行驶。 street指城镇、乡村两旁有建筑物的“街道”。“在街上”可以说on the street,也可以说in the street,前者是美国英语,后者是英国英语。例如: Go along the street,and take the third turning on the right沿着大街走,在第三个路口往右拐。 There are many shops in the street 街上有许多商店。 way意为“道路”,指street,road或任何可以通行的路,含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用way。way还可指路程距离。例如: How can I get there? I dont know the way 我怎么能到达那里?我不知道路。 I asked the way to the station我打听去车站的路。 It was a long way from here 它离这儿很远。 path通常指“小路、小径”,只供人行走的路,可以是人们践踏而成的路,如山中、林间的羊肠小道;也可以指公园、田间的小路,还可以指供人或事物移动的“路线”等。例如: They walked along the path across the field他们沿着穿越田野的路走去。 room;place;space room有两层含义,一为“房间”,是可数名词;二表示人或物体所占的“空间或场所”、处事的“余地”等意思,是不可数名词,可用little,much,no,plenty等词修饰。可构成make room for给让出地方;take up room占地方;leave room for留出空间给等短语。 place指人们从事各种活动的“地方,场所,位置”,是可数名词,常用的短语有take ones place就坐,
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