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环球雅思学科教师辅导教案 学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课类型T-时态T-语态星 级教学目的1. 复习初中八种时态和两种语态2. 做题进行训练提升授课日期及时段T-八种时态 look ! They are 。I have a friend. His / Her name is.He / She playstwice a week. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。一般现在时的基本用法 用动词原形或第三人称单数形式表示1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every, sometimes, often , usually , at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Does Tom like playing football ?5) 某些动词如 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start 等，在一般现在时句中可用来表示按计划、规定将要发生的动作。 The train comes at 3 oclock. 6) 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Ill help you as soon as you have problem. Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him. 二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 I worked in that factory last year. It was very cold yesterday . I used to go fishing on Sundays.三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 用法：1)表示现在正在发生或者进行的动作。常用的时间状语为now 或从上下文体现出来。或句首出现look, listen , be careful 等词，引起人的注意，说明某一动作正在进行。 What are you doing now? I am looking for my key. Look . Some children are playing games over there . 2) 表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）。 The students are preparing for the examination. 3) 某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有 arrive, come, go,leave, start等。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. 【注意】有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态表示状态的动词，尤其是静态动词，如：be, have, 表示认识、知觉和情感的动词，如：know, think, hear, find, see, like, want, wish, prefer等。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。例如： I was watching TV when she came to see me. 【注意】过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情，但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态，强调动作的连续进行，而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实，例如：They were building a house last month. （上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）They built a new house last month. （上个月建造好了，动作已经完成）五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.基本结构：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +d one.一般疑问句：have或has。【注意】 1. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，但强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响；一般过去时常与具体的过去时间状语连用。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此不能和表示过去时间的状语连用。试比较：I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了，不涉及现在）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） 2. 瞬间动词，如come, go, arrive, die, buy, borrow, leave, join, marry, begin, finish, end等不能与for, since状语连用。但可以改变为其他表示相同意思的延续性动词。如： 误：The old man has died for a few years .正：The old man has been dead for a few years . The old man has been dead since a few years ago . The old man died a few years ago . It is a few years since the old man died . A few years has passed since the old man died . 瞬间动词的变化： die be dead , buy have , borrow keep come / go to +地点 be in + 地点 arrive in /at + 地点 be in + 地点 , join + 组织 be in + 组织 或 be a member of +组织 ， leave be away from , begin be on finish / end be over , marry be married , wake be awake , get up be up . 3. have / has been to与 have /has gone to 的区别 前者表示“曾经去过某地”，已回来。常与ever , never , before 以及表示次数的词连用。后者表示“去某地了”，还没回来，不在说话地点。 She has been to Shanghai . ( t她现在不在上海，而就在说话地。) She has gone to Shanghai . (可能在去上海的路上，或者已在上海，或者在回来的路上，总之现在不在这里。)六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句：had放于句首。 We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year. When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes. 七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。一般将来时有下面几种形式： （1）助动词will+动词原形 。表示将来的意愿，决心，许诺， 命令等时常用will，征求对方意见， I will do my best to catch up with them. Shall I open the door? （2）be + going + to +动词原形。表示打算、计划，最近或将来要作的某事。 I am going to fly to Beijing next week. Im going to visit my grandparents next month . （3）be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. We are to meet the guests at the station. （4）be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。 They are about to leave. （5）come , go , start , move , leave , 等词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事情。 Chen Hui is coming tonight . They are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow . （6）在时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作。 Well start if it doesnt rain tomorrow . If you are ill , you must go to see the doctor . Ill give the note to him as soon as he comes back .will 与be going to的区别（1） 表示“带意愿色彩的将来”常用will。 如：Ill stay with you and help you . Ill tell you about it .（2） （2）在问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用will 。主语是第一人称时，常用shall。如Will you go to the park with me ?What time shall we meet ? （3） 表示客观将来用will Ill be 15 years old next year . It will be Teachers Day next Friday .（4） be going to 常用与口语，主要用来表示：(1) 即将发生的动作或存在的状态。如： Were going to help farmers with their work . There is going to be an English film this evening . (2) 打算或准备要做的事情。如： What are you going to do tomorrow ? Im going to pick apples .(3) 根据某种迹象判断可能要发生的谋事。如： Look at the clouds . Its going to rain . I feel even worse . I think Im going to die . 八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。They were going to have a meeting.I told him that I would see him off at the station. 几种常见时态的相互转换英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常見的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用別的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday初中英语8种时态分类练习1.一般过去2.一般现在。现在进行 4一般将来5过去进行6现在完成7过去完成8过去将来 一般过去时专练( )1. The mother asked the boy _ down the ladder, but he went on _ instead.A. come; climbingB. to come; to climb C. to come; climbing D. coming; climbing( )2. The teacher asked the students to close the windows _ the wind from _ the papers away.A. to stop; blowingB. stopping; blowingC. to stop; blow D. stopped; blow( )3. The sick man stayed in bed, _ very terrible.A. felt B. feeling C. is feeling D. was feeling( )4. Yesterday I heard a story _ by my friend.A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell( )5. The boy was made _ there for an hour by his father.A. standing B. stand C. to stand D. stands( )6. I saw him _ into the small store.A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone( )7. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _ him clearly.A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard( )8. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _ around the sun.A. was moving B. moved C. has moved D. moves( )9. Oh, its you. Im sorry I _ know you _ here.A. dont; are B. didnt; are C. didnt; were D. dont; were( )10. Mr LuXun died in 1936. He _ a lot of famous novels.A. wrote B. was writing C. has written D. would write( )11. - How was your weekend on the farm?- Great! We _ with the farmers.A. enjoy ourselves B. went fishing C. will work D. make friends( )12. - What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?- He _ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives( )13. Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.A. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy( )14. - Liu Mei cant come tonight.- Why? But she _ me she would come.A. tells B. told C. is told D. had told( )15. He turned off the light and then _.A. leaves B. has left C. will leave D. left一般过去时专练1-5 CABAC 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BBCBD一般现在时与现在进行时专练( ) 1. Father usually _ his newspaper after dinner.A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading( ) 2. The Blacks often _ to the cinema on Saturday evenings.A. go B. goes C. is going D. are going( ) 3.Look! The boy _ with his mother in the pool.A. is swimming B. is swimming C. are swimming D. are swiming ( ) 4.- What is Tom doing in the classroom? - He _ something on the blackboard.A. draws B. draw C. is drawing D. are drawing.( ) 5.Old Tom usually _ up at six and _ sports in the garden.A. gets, dos B. gets, does C. get, does D. gets, do( ) 6. Its ten oclock and Jack _ still(仍然) _ his homework.A. is, do B. is, doing C. are, do D. are, doing( ) 7. The waiters _ to work at five every morning.A. start B. starts C. starting D. are starting( ) 8.I _ a letter, so I cant go out with you.A. is writing B. am writing C. am writeing D. am writting ( )9.A hundred days _ quite a long time.A. is B. are C. have D. has( )10. -_ late for the meeting next time. Sorry, I wont.A. Dont B. Dont be C. Wont be D. Be not( )11. My mother _ noodles, but my father _.A. likes, doesnt B. dont like, do C. likes, didnt D. didnt like, do( )12. The picture _ nice.A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking( )13. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A. dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. isnt rain( )14. We are always ready _ others.A. to helping B. to help C. help D. helping( )15. I often hear her _ about the boy.A. talking B. talk C. to talk D. talked( )16. Hes already a little weak in Chinese, _ he ?A. is B. isnt C. has D. hasnt ( )17.Potatoes are _ in the field by the farmers.A. grow B. growing C. grown D. grew( )18. Does she have a watch? Yes, she _.A. have B. do C. has D. does( )19. She _ English very much now.A. is liking B. likes C. liked D. is teaching( )20. She has no paper to _ . Why not give her some?A. write B. be writing C. write on D. write in( )21. Does Mr Know-all know _ keys?A. to make B. how to make C. how make D. making( )22. Does your mother _ English now?A. teaches B. teach C. taught D. is teaching ( )23. Jack usually _ mistakes last term. But this term he does better.A. makes B. made C. does D. did( )24. The boy is too young, please _ carefully.A. look after him B. look him after C. look at him D. look him at( )25. She _ you to come to my birthday party.A. hopes B. wishes C. want D. lets( )26. -Where is Frank now? - He _ his bike in the yard.A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up D. fixed( )27. Bob often _ his mother with the housework on Sundays.A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped( )28. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A. dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. isnt rain( )29. If it _ tomorrow, I will go by car.A. rain B. will rain C. rains D. would rain( )30. -What a nice garden! She _ it every day.A. is cleaning B. has cleaned C. cleans D. clean( )31. -Where is Peter? - He _ his homework in the room.A. is doing B. does C. did D. do( )32. The teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound.A. travels B. traveled C. was D. will be( )33. My mother told us that Taiwan _ part of China.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )34. Do you know bananas _ in Hainan?A. grows B. is grown C. grew D. are grown( )35. The clothes _very soft.A. are felt B. are feeling C. feel D. feels( )36. The supermarket is far from Marys house. So she _ only once a week.A. goes shopping B. has been there C. was shopping D. has gone there( )37. Dont make so much noise. We _ to the music.A. are listening B. listen C. listened D. have listened( )38. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was ( )39. Oh, Mrs. King, your sweater looks nice. Is it _ wool ? - Yes, and its _ Inner Mongolia.A. made of, made by B. made of, made in C. made by, made for D. made by, made from一般现在时与现在进行时专练1-5BAACB 6-10BABAB 11-15AABBB 16-20 BCDBC 21-25 BBBAC 26-30 CCBAC 31-35 AAABC 36-39 AACB3.一般将来时专练( )1. Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take part in C. taking part in D. will take part in( )2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got( )3. If he _harder, he will catch up with us soon. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied( )4. - Dont forget to ask him to write to me. - I wont. As soon as he _, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming( )5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.- Really? Where _ he _?A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. would; go( )6. Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come; is D. comes; will be( )7. There _ a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is ( )8. - Shall we go shopping now?- Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing( )9. I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years time.A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover( )10. It is said that about 400 cars _ in the factory next month.A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be produced( )11. - Are you free this afternoon?- No. Ill have an English composition _ this afternoon.A. to write B. wrote C. to be writing D. to be written( )12. - Come back home every month. - I _.A. will B. must C. should D. can( )13. A robot _ think of itself; it _ be told what to do.A. cant; must B. couldnt; can C. may not; will D. mustnt, may一般将来时专练1-5 BBBCB 6-10 CBDBD 11-13 AAA4.过去进行时专练二、 用动词的适当形式填空。1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes, he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.10. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.12. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.13. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.14. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.15. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.答案：二、1. were waiting; ran 2. was telephoning; came 3. jumped; was moving4. was testing; went 5. didnt want; were all working 6. was putting; rang选择题。Bcdac,cdaac,cbdda用动词的适当形式填空。1.was having 2.was going,were doing 3.were doing,were watching 4.was listening 5.were not making 6.Were having were cleaning 7.was raining 8.did do(do) 9. was waiting 10.was going/would go 11.was leaving 12.is coming /will come 13 was waiting 14.was making 15. was looking ,heard5.现在完成时练习I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (se
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