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必修四教案 Unit 1 Women of achievementTeaching goals 1 Target language 榆林教学资源网 http:/www.ylhxjx.com/a. Key wordsachieve, achievement, condition, welfare, institute, connection, campaign, organization, specialist, behave, behavior, worthwhile, nest, observe, observation, respect, argue, entertainment, inspire, support, devote . tob. Key sentencesWatching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. But the evening makes it all worthwhile. we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. 2 Ability goals a. Learn Warming Up, and know how to tell the great women and the famous women.b. Learn the way to describe a person from what the person did, what she/he looks like 3 Learning ability goals Teach Ss how to describe a person.Teaching important points a. By reading A protector of African wildlife, students can learn from Jane Goodall in at least two aspects: one is what is the humane way to study animals; the other is that it was her great personality - universal love and mercy（博爱与慈悲 ）that made her successful. If everyone had such kind of heart, they would give everything benefit for all living things. Then our world will be full of love and peace, without any war and starvation.b. Ask students to answer these questions: 1) What made her a great success?2) What should we learn from Jane Goodall?Teaching difficult points Let everyone believe that all of us can become Jane Goodall.Teaching methods Inspiration, Questioning and Discussion.Teaching procedures & ways Period 1-2. Warming up and pre-readingStep 1. Lead in.1. Discuss the following questions.1）What are the differences between a famous person and a great person?great- of excellent quality or abilityimportant- powerful or having influence2) What makes a person great? (The quality of a great person)Hard working intelligent determined generous helpful honest kind brave. confident unselfish energetic passionate; make great contribution to man kind; get on well with others; never loss heart; be active in social activities; do public service without paid.Most of the great people are also important people. But important people may not also be great people.3)Name some great women in Chinese history. What are they famous for? Step 2. Warming uphttp:/www.ylhxjx.com/T: In pairs discuss the six women on Page 1. Which of these women do you think is a great woman ? Give reasons for your choice. Before you decide, think about the following questions.1. Did she follow her ideas and sacrifice anything so that her ideas could be realized? Did she unselfishly give up anything to achieve her goal?2. Did she go through struggles and difficulties ?/ Did she suffer for her ideas ?NameAmbitionProblemSacrificesElizabeth Fryto help improve prison conditionsShe was criticized for neglecting her family and enjoying fame.Less time was spent with her husband and family.Soong Chinglingto work for civil rights,democracy and peace.Her relatives held political opinions completely different from hers.After her husband died, she lived alone.Jane Goodallto work with animals in the wild.She lived a hard life in the wild.She gave up the comforts of life to study the chimps.Jody Williamsto prevent the making and use of landminesIt isnt easy to persuade governments to stop the making and use of landmines.She had lost her own personal time because of the demands of the jobJoan of Arcto drive the English from FranceWomen were not allowed ot fight like a manShe lost her life.Lin Qiaozhito help women and children with their illnesses an healthWomen had greater difficulties getting into medical college and getting further trainingShe never got married or had a family of her ownStep 3 Pre-reading1. Why do you think Jane Goodall went to Africa to study chimps rather than to a university?2. Do you think her work is important? Why? Period 3-4. Reading StepReading Task 1 Pre-readingSs read the passage in four minutes and give the main ideas to each paragraph.The first one is about a day in the park. The second one is her way of doing her research and some achievement. The third one is her attitude and feeling to the animals.The last one is a short summary to her.T: Thanks. Well, lets draw a chart of the text together according to the main ideas weve found.Task 2 Making a chart A protector of African wildlife A day in the park Janes way to study chimps Her attitude to and her achievement the animals Period 5-6 Language points.Step 1.Difficult sentences:1.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our 今天我们的第一件事2.This means going back .由定语从句修饰的place做go 的宾语3.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.only+副词 （部分倒装）Only in this way can we learn English better.4.But the evening makes it all worthwhileStep 2.Words and expressions1.mean doing sth. 意味着做 Eg. Doing such a thing means wasting time. mean to do sth 打算做某事 eg. Do you mean to go without money?2. leave sb. doing 让某人做某事e.g They went off and left me sitting there all by myself.3. wander的用法1）可以解释为漫步，逛，常与about搭配e.g We love wandering about the hills 2）还可以解释为脱离，迷失e.g Dont wander off the point4. worthwhile adj. 值得做的,值得花时间(金钱)的It is worthwhile to do/ doing It was worthwhile to visit Paris. = The visit to Paris is worthwhile. 去巴黎访问是值得的. Its worthwhile discussing/ to discuss the question again.这个问题值得再讨论。 It is a worthwhile book 那是一本值得一读的书.5. observe 观察到，注意到 She observed his actions with interest.她很感兴趣地观察他的行动 His neighbour observed a stranger go into his house他的邻居看到了一个陌生人进入他的家6. “Only + 状语”开头的句子要用倒装 Only in this way can we learn English better. Only then did I realize my mistake. Only you understand me. I met her only yesterday.7.work outEg. I cant work out the meaning of the poem.(理解，说出) Things have worked out badly. （进行，发展）Work out his income （算出） Work out a plan （制定，拟定）8. have/ has been doing 现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去就已开始，一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去Eg. He has been reading since this morning.今早起，他一直在看书 He is very tired; he has been working hard all day He has been writing a letter.他一直在写信He has written a letter.他已写过信了9. argue 争论；辩论；说服榆林教学资源网 http:/www.ylhxjx.com/ argue for / argue against 主张反对argue about sth. argue with sb. argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事10. inspire sb. to do Eg. His speech inspired us greatly. The teacher inspired us to make greater efforts. The memory of his childhood inspired his first novel(促成；赋予灵感) inspired 有灵感的 inspiring激励人心的 Period 7-8 Grammar points.Step I RevisionReview the text by checking the answers for Exercises 2, 3 and 4 on Page 4 and 5. These exercises are about the useful words that appear in the text.Step II Word-formationThere are two tasks in this part. One is leading in, in which teacher trys to give students as many words as possible. Let them guess the meanings of the words. The second one is to finish Exercise 1 on Page 4. Derivation is one of the most important word-formation. It is helpful in enlarging students vocabulary. Teachers can give them enough words, and let them guess the meaning of these words. As a result of this, students will be interested in the word-formation, and begin to use the method to guide their word study in their daily life.T: Just now we reviewed some words in the text. Now please look at these words on the blackboard and say the meanings of them.Organize Organization State StatementDiscuss Discussion Entertain EntertainmentDirect Direction Consider ConsiderationDecide Decision Agree AgreementPrepare Preparation Achieve AchievementInform Information Treat TreatmentDeter- Determination Improve ImprovementExpress Expression Encourge EncouragementExamine Examination Enjoy EnjoymentEducate Education Govern GovernmentFeel Feeling Find FindingBegin Beginning Mean MeaningT: From the above chart we can see that with knowledge of word-formation, we can enlarge our vocabulary. Today, well focus our attention on the Noun Suffix. There are many Noun Suffixes in English. In this unit, well learn -ment, -ing, -ation, -ist and so on. Now lets finish Step 3 Exercise 1 in Page 4.Let students finish Exercise 1. Check their answers with the whole class.T: Here are some other noun Suffixes on the screen. Read it and write down them in your note books. Noun Suffix-er(fighter)-or(sailor)-ist(artist)-ant(assistant)-ee(employee)-ian(librarian)-tion(attention)-ment(government)-dom(freedom)-ness(carefulness)-ism(socialism)-ship(friendship)-ure(pleasure)-ty(society)-ence(reference)Let students do it, and then check the answers with the whole class.Step4 Discovering useful structuresTell students what they should do next. Ask them to read the EXAMPLE in Exercise 1 on Page 5. Make sure that they know what they should do. Finish Exercise 1, and check the answers.Step 5 主谓一致两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接，谓语用复数Tom and Dick _ (be) good friends.但若表示一个集合体时则用单数。A singer and dancer _ (be) present at the party.The worker and writer _ (be) talking to the students.Bread and butter _ (taste) good.(a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure)2用 and 连接的两个名词若被 no, each, every, many a 修饰，则谓语动词用单数。No bird and no beast _ (be) seen in the bare island.Many a boy and many a girl _ (have) made such a funny experiment.At Christmas each boy and each girl _(be) given a present.3两个主语由not onlybut also, or, eitheror, neithernor等连接时，谓语动词与第二个主语保持一致Either he or I _ (be) to go there._ (be) either you or he going to attend the meeting?4.主语后有as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides,等，谓语应于前面主语保持一致http:/www.ylhxjx.com/A professor, together with some students, _ (be) sent to help in the work.No one but the teachers _ (be) allowed to use the room.5一些集合名词做主语，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的成员，谓语用复数如audience, committee，class(班级),crew（全体船员或机组人员), family, government, public(公众)等，但people, police, cattle等用复数My family _ (be) a big family.My family _ (be) listening to the radio.The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.6.通常作复数的集体名词 有些集体名词，如police, people, cattle, militia, poultry(家禽),)等，通常作复数，用复数动词。Domestic cattle _(provide) us with milk, beef and hides.7.通常作不可数名词的集体名词 有一些集体名词，如machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise (商品)，clothing 通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：The merchandise _(have) arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory _ (be) made in China.8表示时间、重量、长度等名词，尽管是复数形式，但作为一个整体看，谓语还是用单数。Five minutes _ (be) enough.One dollar and seventy eight cents _ (be) what she has. 9. all 作为主语，代表人物时，一般用作复数；代表整个事件或情况时，一般 看作单数。All that I want _ (be) a good dictionary. All _ (be) out of danger.All _ (be) silent. 人人都缄口无言。万籁俱寂。10形容词加定冠词 the 表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。 What a life the poor were living! The young _happy to give their seats to the old.11who, which, that 作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词。 Those who want to go should sign your names here. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.12. 以-ics结尾的学科名称 某些以-ics结尾的学科名称，如physics(物理学)、mathematics(数学)、mechanics(机械学)、politics(政治学)、statistics(统计学)、economics(经济学)、linguistics(语言学）athletics(体育学)、等，通常作单数用。例如：13. 其他以-s结尾的名词英语中有一些由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾，如scissors(剪子)，pincers(钳子)，glasses(眼镜），shorts(短裤)，trousers(裤子)，suspenders(吊裤带)等。这一类名词，如果不带一把、一副、一条等单位词而单独使用，通常作复数。例如：如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、复数形式。 例如：One pair of scissors isnt enough.14.以-s结尾的地理名称某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如the United States, the United Nations, the Netherlands等，尽管带有复数词尾，但系单一政治实体，故作单数用。但若不是国名，而是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称、通常作复数用。例如：The West Indies, apart from the Bahamas, are commonly divided into two parts. The Himalayas（喜马拉雅山脉) have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life.The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.15. 英语中还有一些以-s结尾的名词，如:arms(武器), clothes(衣服), contents(内容，目录)，fireworks(烟火), goods(货物), minutes(记录), morals(道德，品行), remains(遗体), stairs(楼梯), suburbs (郊区), thanks(谢意), wages(工资)等，通常作复数。16.凡是由-ings结尾的名词，如: clippings (剪下来的东西), diggings (掘出的东西), earnings (收入), filings (锉屑), lodgings (租住的房屋), surroundings (环境), sweepings (扫拢的垃圾) 等, 通常作复数用。例如： The clippings of the hedges are usually burnt.The sweepings of the godown(仓库) have been disposed of.17. 还有一些以-s接的单、复数同形的名词，如: headquarters(总部), means(方法、手段), series(系列), species(种类), works(工厂)等，随后动词的单、复数形式取决于这些名称是作单数，还是用作复数。例如：A headquarters was set up to direct the operation (指挥作战). Their headquarters are in Paris.The only means to achieve success is to appeal to arms (诉诸武力).18. remains用于遗体意义时，随后的动词通常作复数：His remains lie in the churchyard.The martyrs remains were buried at the foot of the hill.但作遗迹或剩余物解释时，可作复数或单数用：Here is the remains of a temple.The remains of the meal were/was fed to the dog.19. 如果作主语的名词词组由“分数(或百分数)+of-词组”构成，其动词形式依of-词组中名词类别而定。例如：Two thirds of the swampland(沼泽地) _ (have) been reclaimed(开垦).Over sixty per cent of the city _ (be) destroyed in the war.Thirty-five per cent of the doctors _ (be) women.20. 如果主语是all of .,some of .,none of .,half of .,most of .等表示非确定数量的名词词组，其后的动词形式依of-词组中的名词类别而定。例如：Most of the money _ recovered by Deputy Player.Most of the members _ there.All of the cargo _ lost. All of the crew _ saved.21.两数相减或相除，动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数，也可复数。Forty minus fifteen (40-15) leaves twenty-five.Forty divided by eight (40/8) is five.Seven and five (7+5) makes/make twelve.Five times eight (5+8) is /are forty.22. 主语是由“a kind/sort/type of ,this kind/sort/type of +名词”构成，动词用单数。This kind of man annoys me.但若在kind/sort/type之前的限定词是these/those,同时，of-词组中的名词又是复数，则动词用复数：These kinds of men annoy me.Those types/sorts of machines are up to date. 23.如果主语是由“many a+名词”或“more than one +名词”构成，其意义虽属多数，但随后的动词仍遵循“语法一致”原则，用单数。例如：Many a man has done his duty. More than one game was lost.24. 1)由who, why, how, whether等wh-词引导的名词性分句作主语，其后的动词通常用单数。 2).两个由and连接的并列名词性分句作主语，如果主语表示两件事情，动词用复数。例What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.3). 以what-分句作主语的SVC结构 在以what-分句作主语的SVC结构中，主句补语是复数名词，如果主句谓语动词可用复数。 25. 1).在“one of+复数名词+关系分句”结构中，关系分句动词通常依照语法一致原则用复数形式。例如：Joan is one of those people who go out of thier way to be helpful. 2). 在这类结构之前有定冠词the或者有the only 等限定词和强调词时，关系分句动词形式依one而定，用单数。例如：Selfishness is the one of her many faults which defeats itself. Period9 Listening Step1 Listening to the material on Page 7There are three tasks in this step: the first listening, the second listening and the third listening. Teachers should ask students to glance the whole exercises before listening, so that they can realize what is the main task in listening.Period 10 writing Unit2 Working the landAims:Talk about agriculture: a pioneer in farming -Yuan LongpingTalk about organic farming & green foodHow to write a brief summaryTry to consolidate how to express suggestions & adviceMaster the usage of the -ing form as the subject and objectLearn how to design English postersSuggestions & advice:I would rather . If I have a choice Id choose because .I dont like . because . You need to .Id prefer . because .May I suggest .Its a great pity that .Let me suggest Leng Jianli because.Should I/We .? Perhaps we should consider Leng Jianli because.Its better to .But what/how about Vocabulary:Sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietman, circulate, satisfied, freedomExpressions :rid . of, be satisfied with, lead a . life, would rather, refer to, search for, thanks to, wouldrather Period 1-2 Warming up and pre-reading.Step 1 Lead-in. Poem By Li ShenFarmers weeding at noon,Sweat down the field soon.Who knows food on a tray,Due to their toiling day.Step 2.Warming up (Questions)1. Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?2. Have you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?3. Are you from a farmers family? What do you know about farming?Step 3 Pre-reading and talking1. Rice is a main food in all East Asian and Southeast Asian countries. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?Tips: It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice every day throughout the world；suffer from starvation/die of hunger; panic, get into trouble2. If you had the chance to help end hunger in the world, what would you do?3. Do you know who Yuan Longping is ?A brief introduction:Yuan Longping is known as Chinas “father of hybrid rice”. Its said that in China, we eat depending on “Two Ping” - Deng Xiaoping, who made the policy of System of Production Responsibility, & Yuan Longping, who invented hybrid rice.Yuan Longping, who was born in September, 1930, graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute. He has been working on agriculture education & the research into hybrid rice since he left the institute.In the 1960s, when China was suffering from serious famine, he came up with the idea of hybrid rice, which has a high yield ( or output). Ten years later, he succeeded in inventing a new species that produced a 20 percent higher yield than common types of rice. Yuan devoted himself to the research into agriculture, & was honored by UNESCO & FAO(联合国教科文组织）. Although he is 74 years old, he is still working on the research into agriculture. Period 3-4 ReadingStep 1 Lead-in。1. Listen to the tape carefully then answer these questions. 1）When and who did become the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output? 2）What did Yuan Longping invent?2. Read the passage once again,then find out these sentences true or false. 1） Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist. 2 ）Dr Yuans kind of rice is the most suitable for Chinas farmland. 3） Dr Yuan would rather work than relax. 4 ）Dr Yuan has dreams when he is asleep and also when he is awake. 5 ）Dr Yuan enjoys a simpler life than most rich and famous people.3.Find out the topic sentences of each paragraph Para. 1: He became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. Para.2:He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. Para.3:He cares little about spending t
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