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2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列9名词性从句（教师版）考前必读名词性从句是英语中比较复杂的结构，既涉及词汇的用法，也涉及句法结构，是整个高中阶段英语学习的重点和难点之一。在学习名词性从句时，应注意从以下几个方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各种成分，尤其是主语、宾语、表语、同位语的特点；二是要掌握引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词的分类及用法(that，if，whether的用法区别)；三是要注意名词性从句中的特殊情况(that的省略，语序问题，时态问题，语气问题)；四是要注意疑问连接词what，when，where等引导名词性从句不表示疑问的情况；五是要注意whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引导从句的用法。特别需要注意的是要掌握it替代从句的用法易错点睛易错点1混淆同位语从句和定语从句【易错题l】Lifeislikealongrace _wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.Awhy Bwhat Cthat Dwhere【错因透视】同位语从句与定语从句的区别：(1)同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容，是对这一内容的完全解释；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：The news that I have passed the exam is true我通过了考试这一消息是真的。(同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)The news that he told mejust now is true他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。)(2)引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(that在从句中不充当任何成分。)The idea that he gave surprises many people他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)来源:易错点2不了解从句的间隔现象而造成误选【易错题l】News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. which B. what C. that D. where【错因透视】像定语从句的先行词与定语从句间隔一样，有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspectthem几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。The thought came to him that maybe the enemyhad fled the city他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。易错点3混淆how farhow soonhow oftenhow long等引导名词性从句的短语连词【易错题l】I wonder youll water this kind of flower.Every other day.A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much易错点4 混淆引导名词性从句的连词和连接副词【易错题】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_ it got any better.A. when B. how C. why D. if【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是误解了句子的意思，认为是“看什么时候情况会变得好一点”。句子的意思是：最初他不喜欢这份新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这件工作是否会变得更好。故用if引导宾语从句。【答案】D跟踪练习（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.AthatBwhatCwhichDwhere【答案】B（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）After _ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel managers office.AthatBhowCwhatDwhy【答案】C【解析】 考查宾语从句。此处 After 用作介词，“_ seemed an endless wait” 为宾语从句，因从句中缺少主语，所以用 What。注意 that 引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分。故选C。（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）Whom do you expect to have _ the problem of over-loaded school buses?AsolveBto solveCsolvedDsolving（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）What has made him look like lacking sleep?_ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times a night to attend to her.AForBBecauseCThatDWhat（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）All of us have already known _ she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad.Ahow Bthat Cwhat Dwhich【答案】C【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：我们都已经知道她将选择的是出国的机会。“what she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad” 是宾语从句，在从句中，what she will choose 是从句的主语，what 在主语从句中作 choose 的宾语。（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Blog, a shared online journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experience and hobbies, _ more and more popular with people of all ages.Ahad become BbecomeCbecoming Dis becoming（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）More than 200 million people in China suffer high blood pressure, and 70% of them are unaware of the fact _ they have the illness.AwhatBwhenChowDthat【答案】D【解析】 考查同位语从句。“that they have the illness” 是同位语从句，解释说明 the fact 的具体内容。Sometimes advertisements make _ possible for companies to sell the customers _ money can not buy.A. ; that B. it; what C. that; which D. it; whoseThe news spread quickly through the village _ the war had ended, _ made villagers wild with joy.A. which; that B. that; what C. that; which D. what; which【答案】C【解析】考查同位语从句和定语从句。第一空that引导的从句与the news构成同位关系；第二空是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。所以应该选C项。When shall we gather again?Anytime _ we are engaged in our work.A. except that B. except when C. except it D. except forExcuse me，sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station?Sorry，Im a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask，Im afraid，_ is a native.Asomeone Bwhoever Cwho Dwhomever【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。Im afraid是插入语，句子的主干是“You are supposed to ask whoever is a native”。whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。Mary is interested in _ is in the shops，but buying a new coat is not on the top of her shopping list.Awhich Bwhat Cthat DwhereIts thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story，believe it or not， _ we got lost on a rainy night.Awhich BthatCwhatDwhen【答案】B【解析】通过对句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入语，在此句中that引导的句子和the story是同位关系。From _ seemed to be a great, cloudy distance, he smiled at her, and she smiled too.A. it B. that C. what D. which【答案】C（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）_ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.AIt BThat CSuch DWhat
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