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第一单元知识总结( be) enthusiastic about (doing)对（做）狂热痴迷迷恋Eg. you dont sound very enthusiastic about the idea.be amazed at/by/that时大为惊奇be amazed to do sth 因做某事而感到晾奇much to ones amazement令差人（非常）惊讶的是in amazement惊讶地Eg.The_expression on her face suggested that she was_when she heard the newsA amazing;amazed B amazed;amazing C amazed, amazed D amazing; amazing2. 用这种方法：with this method/ by this means/in this way/in this manner(注意介词的差别)Eg. Only with this _can you solve the problem. A. way B. means C.approach D method3. 【辨析】that,one,ones,the one与the ones(those)替代词辨析 例句that用来代替前面出现的表特指的单数可数名或不可数名词，相当于“the十单数可数名词不可数名词”，后面常常有后置定语The weather here is differentfrom that in Beijing这里的天气和北京的不一样。 it用来指代上文中的同一个人或物，可做作主语、宾语I bought a pen and it cost me tendollar.我要一支钢笔，这花了我10美元。one用来代替前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于“a/an+单数名词”，前常有形容词修饰Ive lost my pen. Im going tobuy a new one tomorrow我把1钢笔丢了。我打算明天再买一-只新的。 ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，是泛指概念，是one的复数形式 He likes American novels, especially me 20th century ones.他喜欢美国小说，尤其是20世纪的小说。 the one 用来代替前面特指的单数名词，有时可用that代替（尤其在有后置定语的情况下）I like the book, the one which lies on the left.我喜欢那本书，左边的那本。the ones(those)用来代替前面特指的复数名词，有时可用those代替（尤其在有后置定语的情况下）1 want to buy some apples. The ones that look fresh我想买些苹果，看起来艰新鲜的那些。 Eg. To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then_from her colleagues A. that B one C ones D thoseintroduce oneself:介绍某人自己introduce A to B: 把A 介绍给Bintroduce sb to sth:使某人了解某物introduce sth into:把某事物传入/引入Eg.When first_into the market. these products enjoyed a great success A introducing B introduced C.introduce D being introduced倍数的表示方法：(l)A is+倍数一as十adj (bill. long.wide，high .deep.weighty)+ as B Their garden is three Limes as big as ours 他们的花园是我们的三倍大。(2)A is+倍数+比较缎(bigger. longer, widerhigher . deeper, weightier)+ than B Their garden is three times bigger than ours.他们的花园是我们的三倍大。（3) A is十倍数+the sizelengthwidth/height/depth/weight+ of BTheir garden is three times the size of ours他们的花园是我们的三倍.Eg. Its said that the power plant is now_ large as what it was A twice as B as twice C twice much D much twicelook forward to 期盼，盼望（to 为介词，后接n/pron/doing sth 做宾语） Im looking forward to the weekend我盼着过周末呢。Were really looking forward to seeing you again我们非常盼望能再见到你。Eg. we have been looking forward to_from you but just now at the gate I look forward only to_no mail man coming. A hearing;seeing B. hearing,see C. hear;seeing D. hear;see be impressed by/with对留下印像 impress sb with sth /impress sth on sb某物给某人留下印象 impress.on/upon sb /ones mind 使某人铭记；使某人深感be disappointed a by因而失望（或沮燕）be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而感到沮丧be disappointed that 对失望Eg._at failing in the maths exam.John wouldnt like to talk about it to his parents A Disappointed B. To be disappointed C. Disappointing D Having disappointed my doing sthWould you mind if I.Would you mind (my) turning off the TV?lWould you mind if I turned off the TV?Eg.-Do you mind if l record your lecture? - Go ahead . A. Never mind B. No way C. Not at all D. No. Youd better notcover:覆盖，掩盖，遮盖/行走（一段路程)/占.面积/足以支付，够.的钱Snow covered【he ground天雪覆盖了大地。By sunset we had covered thirty miles到日落时我们已走了30英The reserve covers an area of some l.140 square kilometers保护区占地面积托妁为I 140平方千米。Will $100 cover the cost of the chair? 100美元够付椅子钱吗?Eg. I often dream of jogging out with snow_the ground A covered B covering C cover D to cover divide_ into 把分成 be divided into被舟成 divide sth. Between among sb和某人分某物 1.The park,_two sections along a stream,will have a couple of small bridges built over the stream A. parted from B. separated from C. joined in D. divided into2.Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _one-year-old twins at head. A isolated B separated C. divided D. removed易混词 辨析 例句divide指把一个整体分成若干部分He divides his energies between politics and business他把精力一部分用在政浩上，一部分用在生意上。seperate指把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开The police tried to separate the two men who were fighting警察努力把两十打架的人分开辨析】take part in .join in.join与attend 易混词 辨析 例句 take part in指参加群众性活动，重在说明主语积极参加该项活动动并在其中发挥一定的作用，part前有形容词修饰时，一定要带冠词About 400 students tookPart in the protest. 大约400名学生参加了抗议活动。 join in 多指参加某种括动，尤指和其他人一起参加，如参加竞赛、娱乐活动、谈话等She listens but she never join in the discussion她只是听，但他从不参与讨论。 join 通常指参加某个组织或团体，并成为其中的一员；也指加入某人，和某人一起活动She joined the company three month ago.她3个月前进入这家公司。 attend正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼，葬礼、典礼或上课、上学等only 12 people attended the meeting只有12个人出席了会议。I wished to take part in /join in the party held by Tom . but our teacher told us to attend the lecture which called on us to join the army to make our world more peaceful.我想去参加汤姆组织的聚台，可是我们老师告诉我们去听报告，这个报告号召我们为了使世界更加和平而参军。1. How many countries_the last Olympic Games?2. Would you like to_ us _the game?3. The meeting is on the fifth and were hoping everyone will_.4. He started to sing and dance.and I_.练习一单词拼写1 The teachers words are strongly_（留下印象）on me.2. She is very_ (热情的) about helping her classmates.3. Do you have any p_experience of this type of work?4.How_ (令人难堪的) it was that I forgot my teachers name when I met her on the street .5. As you get older your a_towards death will change.6. A new m_of teaching foreign languages will be adopted in that area.7. Its bad b_for a man to smoke in public places where smoking is not allowed.8. The scenery is so beautiful that it is beyond d_.9. Before operating the machine, you should read the i_carefully in order not to make mistake二单项填空1. Everyone looked_ when they knew the news that Michael Jackson was announced（宣布）dead at the hospital after suffering a heart attack on June 25.A. amazing amazed B amazing;amazing C amazed; amazing D. amazed; amazed2. -Can you help me out? Yes. I will solve the problem with this_. A. way B method C. mean D. means3.You dont look_like your mother. But _like your father. A. anything; something B. everything; nothing C something; anything D. nothing; everything4.John come here. I would like you_to my friend Mary. A. Introduced B. to introduce C. to introduce you D. Introducing5.The shy girl wore a(an)_look when she could not answer her teachers question. A amazed B embarrassed C curious D amused6. It is never easy to ask him to help others ,_he is very selfish A. in the end B. In a word C. In the way D. in other word7. Our new library is _the old one. A. four times as large as B. four times the size C.four times the size larger than D. Three times larger than that10.I am looking forward with hope_you in the near future. and we will talk face to face .A. for seeing B. to seeing C to see D. of seeingll. My first _of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A expression B. attention C.satisfaction D impression12. I dont expect anyone will take part in the activity,_?A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they13. The art show is _being a failure; it is a great success. A .far from B next C. along with D. nothing like14. Most of the students in our class show a good _their study. A. attitude on B. attitude C. attitude of D. attitude in 15._is known to us that china is developing at a rapid speed and is becoming strongerA.It R.That C.As D.This语法讲解：一般现在时：(1)现在的状态; (2)经常或习惯性动作; (3)主语具备的性格和能力; (4)真理。1、 标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）, on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）2、结构：（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+表语: 否定式是在be动词后加not， 疑问句是将be动词提前到句首（即在主语之前）（2）当谓语由实义动词充当:主语不是第三人称单数时:句子结构为：主语+动词原形+其它 否定式为：主语+dont+动词原形+其它 疑问句为：Do+主语+动词原形+其它？主语是第三人称单数时：句子结构为 主语+动词（词尾加s或es）+其它。 否定式为：主语+doesnt+动词原形+其它。疑问句式：Does+主语+动词原形+其它？行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式 1.+s 2.辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches 4.特殊have-has do-does go-goesEg.1.He walks to schoo1 every day他每天步行去上学。2.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west太阳东升西落。 Light travels faster than sound光比声音传播得快。注意：表示已经作出的决定、安排好的事情、将来注定要发生的情况。这种用法 多用来谈论时间表、节目单、日程表等已安排好的事情，通常要加上表示将 来的时间状语。这类动词通常为表示开始、结束和位置变化等的词，如 start.begin, finish, leave.move, arrive及take等。 The train arrives at 8:30 and leaves at 8,45. 这列火车8：30进站，8：45出站。用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中代替将来时态。 We ll give him the message after he finishes dinner. 他吃完晚饭我们就将把这十消息告诉他。 If it rains tomorrow, we shall stay at home 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里 Even if you fail, you will have gained experience 即使失败，你还可以获得经验。典例1 Life is like walking in the snow.Granny used to say, because every step_. A. has shown B is showing C. shows D. showed典例2 Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains,_some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. A keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。1.标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听）2.结构:主语+be+v-ing形式 肯定句:主语+be（is/am/are）+现在分词 否定句:主语+be（is/am/are）+not+现在分词 一般疑问句:be（is/am/are）+主语+现在分词 特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+sth? 1.-ing: eat-eating现在分词的构成：2.辅音字母+e: take-taking 3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing.）Eg. 1.We are having an English lesson now现在我们正在上英语课。(正在进行的动作) 2.The workers are building new factory工人们正在建一座新工厂。（现阶段正在进行的动作）注意：有些非延续性动词，如：go（去），come（来），leave（离开），arrive（到达），return（返回），begin(开始)，die(死)，lose（失去），finish（完成）等，其现在进行时可以表示将要发生的动作。 MV uncle is coming back from abroad我舅舅耍从国外回来。常与always，forever，constantly，continually，all the time等时间副词（短 语）连用，表示反复发生的或习惯性的动作。这种用法的现在进行时常表 示不满、抱怨或赞赏等情感。 She is always finding fault with others.她总是挑别人的毛病. John is thinking of others all the time. 约翰总是为别人着想.典例1 Hurry up，kids!The school bus_for us! A. waits B was waiting C. waited D. is waiting典例2 They are living with their parents for the moment because their ownhouse_ . A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C.is rebuilt D. has rebuilt英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，如：interest，bore，worry, surprise, frighten，move(使感动)，excite, tire, puzzle(使迷惑)，disappoint, encourage, satisfy(使满意)， delight 使高兴，please, inspire(使鼓舞)，astonish(使惊讶)，discourage等。它们有下列特点：(1)这类动词的形客词有两种 种是-ing形式，意为“令.的”；ed形式，意为“（人）感到的”。(2)ing形式多用来修饰事物，而-ed形式多用来修饰人。Eg: 1.The film was so moving that the audience were deeply moved.2.When I saw his excited look,I knew he had known the exciting news and became as excited as him当我看到他兴奋的神情时，我就知知道他已经知道了那个令人兴奋的消息，而且我也变得和他一样兴奋。 典例1 He was walking in the dark street when he heard someone_out a_scream A. let; frightening B let;frightened C let; frightening D to let;frightened典例 2 -Did you enjoy yourself at the party? -Yes. Ive never been to_ one before. A. a more excited B the most excited C. a more exciting D the most exciting语法练习：1. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area_We must action immediately before there is none left. A. have run out B. are running C. have been run out D. are being run out2. Listen! Someone_ in the next room. Whos that? A. is singing B sing C. was singing D. will be 3. If nothing_, the oceans will turn into fish deserts. A. does B. had been done C.will do D.is done4. The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers_ one of the main pipes. A. had repaired B. have repaired C. repaired D. are repairing5.Hurry up! Mark and Carol_us. A. expect B. are expecting C. have expected D. will expect6. Mr Smith told his students that practice_perfect. A. makes B. would make C. will make D. Made71f we_now to protect the environment ,well live to regret it. A. hadnt acted B. havent acted C. dont act D. wont act8.She said nothing. And_ tears came to her eyes.A. surprised B.surprising C. exciting D. excited9. Mr Smith is a_ teacher. Everybody is to get close to him. A. frightening; frightening B. frightened;frightenedC. frightened; frightening D. frightening;frightened10.The story he told us was very _ and we were_. A. moving; moved deeply B. moved;moving deeplyC. moving; moved deep D. moved, moving deep11. in the spoken English of some areas in the US. The r sounds at the end of the words_. A. are dropped B. drop C. arc being dropped D. have dropped12 . Planning so far ahead_no sense -so many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made13. The questions the reporter asked sometimes were_and they made me_. A. embarrassed;embarrassing B. embarrassing,embarrassed C. embarrassed;embarrassed D. embarrassing;embarrassing14.1_ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. A. will do B. Do C. am doing D. had done15. -Have you got any information about your missing dog from the police? -No.I_the police say they ll let me know when there is any newsA. waited B. was waiting C. have waited D. am waiting1.单词拼写 1.I would _(感激) it if you give me a chance to do the job. 2. Tom_(承认) that he had broken the window. 3.Jay Chou,who has created so many songs is an able and_(精力充沛的)singer 4.What is your first _(印象) of our new school 5. We will adopt (采取) a more_(科学的)approach to solving the problem 6. Mary is always very n_before taking an exam. She cant eat anything and doesnt sleep well 7. The injured passer-by should be taken to the nearest hospital i_,or he will die. 8. Children should show r_for their teachers and parents. 9. What I said is very important. You should take it s_. 10. Youll have to be very p_ and wait for your turn.短文填词（根据课文内容补全短文） My first _（印象）of Mrs Li is that shes_（紧张的）and shy. She always_避免）making us embarrassed. if I make a mistake or pronounce a word_(不正确地），she just smiles so that I dont feel_ （十分地）stupid Mrs Chen is a_ (严格的）teacher. She is serious and doesnt smile much but we_（欣赏）her because her teaching is well_（有组织的）and clear Mr Wu is a young teacher with much_（精力). He talks loudly and fast He is_(有趣的) and often tells jokes.so his class is the one you do not fall asleep in I like my new teachers. Im going to make progress with them teaching me.III.单项填空 1. It was_ to be chosen as a torch bearer (火炬手) that he would never forget it A. so great honour B. such great honour C. so great an honour D. such great an honour2. You cant avoid_your job tomorrow_ you work hard today. A. losing; unless B to lose; though C. losing; until D to lose; if3. Dont promise anything _ you are one hundred percent sure. A. whether B. after C. how D unless4. -You know,your grandpa has difficulty_listening.so. -So I have to be patient _him. A in;with B on:with C. in ; to D. at;for5 People hate _ when you dont say what you mean . A. that B. it C. them D. these6.-Did he admit_the window? -No He behaved as if nothing had happened. A. to break B. to have broken C. being broken D. Breaking7. Tom studied very hard last term and, as_ result.he made_ progress.A a; / B./; a C.a;a D./; /8.My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever,_he could neither eat nor sleep. A. as a result B. after all C . however D . otherwise9.-Come on. please give me some idea about the project. -Sorry, with so much work_in my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled10. From space the earth looks blue. This is _about seventy one percent of its surface by water. A .why B. how C.because D.whether1l. You look well. The air and the sea food in Sanya must_ you,l suppose. A. agree with B. agree to C.agree on D.agree about12.Cathy is taking notes of grammatical ruler at Sunshine School.where she_for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying13.Sarah.hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to_before the party. A. get changed B. get change C.get changing D. get to change14. Mum is coming. What present_for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C.do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got15 . Tell John not to leave the house unless he _that all the lights_. A.will make sure;turn off B. makes sure.;are turned off C. will make sure;will turn off D. make sure;will be turn off语法讲解：后接ing形式的动词及动词短语1.下列动词（短语）用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀： 考虑建议盼原谅(consider,suggest advise,look forward to，excusepardon) 承认推迟没得想(admit，delay/put off，fancy)。 避免错过继续练(avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practise)， 否认完成停欣赏（deny, finish，enjoy/appreciate）， 不禁介意准逃亡(mind,allow/permit,escape)。 We dont allow smoking in the hall.大厅内不准抽烟。 1 wouldnt mind accepting his money!我愿意接受他的钱！2. be used to(习惯于)，look forward to, lead to,devote to, stick to, object to, get down to,pay attention to,cant stand(无法忍受)，give up,feel like,insist on, put off, apologize for 等动词短语也要用动名作宾语。 Hes used to reading in the morning他习惯于最读。 Were really looking forward to seeing you again.我们非常盼望能再见到你。3.动词allowadvise，forbid，permit等后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果后面有名词 或代词作宾语，则其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即： doing sthallow/advise/forbid/permit sb to do sth1. Still remember_ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to take B .to be taken C. taking D. being taken5.动词need，require，want作“需要”讲时，如果物作主语，与后面的动词构成被动关系，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或动词不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要被做。即： sth need(s)require(s)wants doingto be done某物需要 cleaning.Th window needs/requires/wants to be closed. (2)be worth+ n(表示钱数或相当于钱的名词) 值”值得 doing of sth3. be worthy+ of been done 值得. to be doneEg, 那个地方值得参观。_.1.The thief didnt admit_my bike at first. A. to steal B. to have stolen C. stealing D to stealing 2. Dont take them medicine. It cant help _rid of your cold . A .got B. to get C. getting D. to get 3.Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to_some schools for poor children. A. set up B. have set up C. setting up D having set up4. The foreign friends you referred to_looking forward to _around our school. A. are; being shown B. being; being shown C.b
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