2016届二轮复习代词学案(江苏专用).doc

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2016届二轮复习 代词 学案(江苏专用) 代词的用法1 【2014安徽卷】 You can ask anyone for help. _ here is willing to lend you a hand.AOne BNo oneCEveryone DSomeone【答案】C考查不定代词。句意:你可以向任何一个人求助,这里的每一个人都愿意帮助你。故选C。2 【2014全国大纲卷】 Whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.A. He B. ItC. This D. That【答案】B考查代词的用法。句意:“谁在门外?”“是送牛奶的。”因为不知道门外是什么人,故用it指代不清楚的人。故选B。3【2014福建卷】 In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in _, knives and forks.Aanother Bothers Cboth Dall【答案】B 考查代词辨析。句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,而在其他的国家,【人们用】刀叉【吃饭】。another“另外一个”,后接单数名词;others其他的人或物; both两者;all意为“所有的”,指代可数名词时表示“三者及以上”。根据句意可知选择B项。4【2014江苏卷】 Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none.Asomething BanythingCeverything Dnothing【答案】C考查不定代词。句意:好的家庭对于所有家庭成员来说意味着许多,但不是每个人的全部。everything意为“一切,全部”,符合语境。something某事; anything任何事; nothing什么都没有。5【2014江西卷】 When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon?_. Ill be in all day.AAny B. None C. Neither D. Either【答案】D 考查代词。句意:“我什么时候打电话方便,早上还是下午?”“都可以,我将整天在家。”根据文中提到的in the morning or afternoon可知,此处指在两者之间作出选择,故排除A、B两项;又根据“Ill be in all day.”可知应该是两个时间段均可以。6【2014山东卷】 Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.Athat Bthis Cit Dher【答案】C考查代词。句意:苏珊向我清楚地表明她希望为自己开创新的生活。that she wished to make a new life for herself是宾语从句,it为形式宾语,本句为“make itadj. to sbthat从句”结构。故选C。7 【2014陕西卷】 Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.A. it B. you C. one D. this【答案】A考查代词。Id appreciate it if/when/that是固定句式,it作形式宾语,故选A。8【2014四川卷】 Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.AbothBneitherCnone Deither【答案】B考查代词。both两者都;neither表示两者的全部否定;none表示三者及以上的全部否定;either表示两者中选择其一。此处是表示两者的全部否定,故用neither。句意:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特生活过,但这两个地方她都不喜欢,并搬去了剑桥。9【2014浙江卷】 An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making _ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.Aeach Bit Cthis Done【答案】B考查代词辨析。句意:去年这里的平均降水量为18.75厘米,这使得去年成为加利福尼亚自1850年建州以来最干旱的一年。这里用it来指代上文提到的last year。each每个,每一个;this意为“这,这个”,常用来指代下文提到的事物;one泛指某一个。故选B项。10 【2014重庆卷】 A smile costs _, but gives much.A. anythingB. somethingC. nothing D. everything【答案】C考查代词的用法。句意:微笑什么都不会花费,但却带来很多。but表示转折,nothing与much形成语义上的对比。故选C。1【2013安徽卷】This project requires close teamwork._will be achieved unless we work well together.ANothing BAnything CSomething DEverything【解析】句意为:这项工程要求紧密的团队合作,如果我们不能很好地一起工作,我们将会一事无成。本题考查不定代词。根据句意可知设空处应为表示否定的nothing。【答案】A2【2013山东卷】Ive lived in New York and Chicago,but dont like_of them very much.Aeither Bany Ceach Danother【解析】句意为:我在纽约和芝加哥生活过,但是这两个城市我都不太喜欢。本题考查不定代词。根据题干中的New York and Chicago可知,此处应该是考查“两者中的任何一个”,四个选项中只有either合适。【答案】A3【2013陕西卷】Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,she lost_of her enthusiasm for life.Asome Bneither Cnone Dall【解析】句意为:虽然Rosemary已得重病多年了,但是她丝毫没有失去对生活的热情。考查不定代词。根据句意可知空格处需要用表示否定意义的词,排除A和D项;neither表示两者都不,不符合语境。none没有一个【人或事物】,故为答案。【答案】C4【2013重庆卷】Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is_.Aanother Bthe other Cone another Done【解析】句意为:【废品】回收是保护环境的一种方式,而循环利用是保护环境的另外一种方式。本题考查不定代词的用法。another再一,又一;the other两者中的另外一个;one another彼此,相互。【答案】A指示代词5【2013辽宁卷】To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then_of her colleagues.Athat Bone Cones Dthose【解析】句意为:令Della高兴的是,她先是赢得了她学生的信任,然后又赢得了同事的信任。考查代词的用法。空格处补全为the trust,是特指的不可数名词,用that指代。其余三个选项用来指代可数名词。【答案】A6【2013四川卷】The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than_on the small ones.Aone Bthis Cthat Dit【解析】句意为:在主街道上绿色信号灯的时长比小道上的要长。本题考查代词。首先将题干改为:The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than the traffic on the small ones.然后考虑用that代替特指的不可数名词“the traffic”,以避免重复。【答案】C7【2013天津卷】At our factory there are a few machines similar to_described in this magazine.Athem Bthese Cthose Dones【解析】句意为:在我们工厂有几台机器和这本杂志里描述的那些机器相似。本题考查代词。首先将题干改为:At our factory there are a few machines similar to the machines described in this magazine.然后考虑用those替代特指的复数名词【the machines】,以避免重复。【答案】C人称代词8【2010四川卷】On my desk is a photo that my father took of_when I was a baby.Ahim Bhis Cme Dmine【解析】句意:我的桌上有一张我父亲在我小时候给我拍的照片。此题考查代词,但呈现方式为定语从句形式。先行词是a photo,代入定语从句后为:My father took a photo of me.我父亲为我照了一张相。【答案】C反身代词9【2011安徽卷】Surprisingly,Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_almost an overcoat for her.Athem Bher Citself Dherself【解析】考查代词。句意为:令人惊讶的是,苏珊美丽的长发一直垂到她的膝盖之下,使它看起来像是她的一件大衣。them他/她/它们;her她;itself它自己;herself她自己。因为主语是Susans beautiful hair,所以made后的反身代词是指“头发本身”,故选itself。【答案】C10【2010上海卷】If our parents do everything for us children,we wont learn to depend on _.Athemselves Bthem Cus Dourselves【解析】句意为:如果我们的父母为我们孩子们做了所有的一切,我们就不会学会独立。由句意和句中的we 可排除A和B两项;空格处用反身代词作介词宾语。【答案】Dit的用法11【2012陕西卷】No matter where he is,he makes_a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.Ahim Bthis Cthat Dit【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意为:不管他在哪儿,早餐前都要去散步,这是他的惯例。句中it用作形式宾语,不定式to go for a walk before breakfast是真正的宾语。【答案】D12【2011江西卷】Why dont you bring_to his attention that youre too ill to work on?Athat Bit Cthis Dhim【解析】考查 it作形式宾语。句意为:你为什么不告诉他你病得太严重不能继续上班?这是一个宾语从句,由于宾语that youre too ill to work on太长,所以用形式宾语it代替,而将真正的宾语置于句末,而A、C、D三项均不能作形式宾语。【答案】B1一定语境中的全部否定【neither,none】和部分否定【not all/both/every或all/both/every.not】是考生的易错点,尤其要注意全部否定的另外一种形式:not.either。2要根据语境的准确信息来选择something,anything,everything和nothing。3熟练掌握含有it的句型是解决这类选择题的关键,如:make it a rule.;bring it to ones attention.等。一、人称代词的用法人称代词有主格如I,we,they,he,it等和宾格如me,us,them,him,it等之分。主格在句中作主语、表语等成分,宾格在句中作宾语、同位语等成分。1在没有谓语动词的句子中,人称代词常用宾格。Glad to meet you.很高兴见到你。Me,too.我也是【见到你我也很高兴】。2代词they【不分性别】指代已提到过的一些人或事物,在口语中还可代替he or she,此外,they还可泛指一般人。The Browns phoned.Theyre coming round this evening.布朗夫妇打过电话了。他们今天晚上过来。【代替已提到过的一些人】If anyone arrives late,theyll have to wait outside.谁要是迟到,谁就得在外面等着。【代替he or she】二、反身代词的用法1反身代词在句中可用作宾语、表语、同位语等。2常见的带反身代词的一些固定搭配by oneself 独自地for oneself 亲自enjoy oneself玩得愉快behave oneself 举止良好seat oneself 坐下来devote oneself to专心于come to oneself 苏醒过来三、指示代词的用法1this,that,these,those的用法this与these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物;that与those指时间或空间较远的人或物。The books on the desk are better than those/the ones 【the books】 under the desk.桌子上的书要比桌子下面的好。2that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词,相当于the单数/不可数名词。【2013济南3月模拟】The basic design of the car is very similar to that of the earlier model.这款车的基本设计与之前车型的设计非常相似。【2013四川省宜宾五校第二次调研考试】The scenery in the southern mountains is quite different from that of the city in the north.南部山区的风景与北部城市的风景迥异。3such,so的用法【1】such指如前所述的这样的人或物。Such is Cao Mao Sister,a diligent farmer with great passions in music.这就是草帽姐,一个勤劳同时又对音乐有很大热情的农民。【2】so作指示代词时,代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情,一般用在 believe,think,expect,suppose,imagine,guess,hope等后面。Is he coming tonight?I think so./I dont think so.他今晚来吗?我想是的。/我认为他不来。4one,ones,the one,the ones的区别替代onea/an单数名词ones零冠词复数名词the onethe单数名词,有时可用that代替the onesthe复数名词,有时可用those代替Mr Zhang gave me a very valuable present,one 【 a present】 that I had never seen.张先生给我一件非常有价值的礼物,一件我从来没有见过的礼物。The book on the desk is better than the one 【the book】 under the desk.桌上的那本书比桌下的那本书好。四、it的用法1it作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词ing形式、名词性从句。He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held. 他没有把何时何地召开会议搞清楚。【2011上海高考】Its no use complaining without taking action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。2表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it,构成固定结构,这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate等。They would appreciate it,to be frank,if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.坦率地说,如果货物尽快被送到他们会感激不尽。【2013皖北协作区高三联考】A lovely day,isnt it?Yes.I love it when the weather is like this.Why not go out for a walk?天气不错,不是吗?是的,我非常喜欢这样的天气。出去走走怎么样?3When it comes to.当涉及到When it comes to saving energy,big changes start with small steps,like turning off the lights.当提到节能的时候,大变化从细微的行动开始,比如随手关灯。4it的高频搭配make it成功;确定时间为【后接时间类名词】as it is事实上;照原样get it明白了【2012全国卷】Sarah made it to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.今天早晨萨拉及时到达机场,赶上了飞机。五、不定代词的用法1none,nothing,nobody/no one的用法比较none既指人也指物,后面可接of短语,一般用来回答how many,how much和which的提问nothing只指事物,后面不能接of短语,用来回答what的提问no one/nobody只指人不指物,其后不接of短语,一般回答who的提问【2013长春第一次调研】How much bread is there?None.I wish you could offer me some.还有多少面包?一点都没有了。我希望你能给我一些。【2013河南豫北三校高三下学期联合考试】What have you been doing today?Oh,nothing special,just hanging around.今天,你都干什么了?哦,没有什么特别的,只是闲逛。2other,the other,another,others的用法比较the other,otherthe other可单独使用,特指两个人或物中的“另一个”;也可修饰名词表示“另外的”。other不能单独使用,只能修饰名词,表示泛指意义another可单独使用,也可修饰名词,泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few复数名词”形式,表示“另外的【多少】”others单独使用,表示泛指意义,意为“其他的人或事物”,常与some一起出现;特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the others【2010新课标卷】Ill spend half of my holiday practising English and the other half learning drawing.我准备把我假日时间的一半用来练习英语,另一半时间学习绘画。【2013齐鲁名校联合测试】The microblog has become another classroom for me,and the teachers are all big names in academia.微博已成为我的第二课堂,这里的老师们都是学术界的大师级人物。【2013济宁检测】You are a team star!Working with others is really your cup of tea.你是队里的明星!与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。3it,one,that的用法比较it特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物that可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词,指代单数可数名词相当于the one。其复数形式为those,相当于the onesone指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为ones【2012浙江高考】Studying Wendys menu,I found that many of the items are similar to those of McDonalds.研究一下温迪的菜单,我发现其中的很多条目和麦当劳【的菜单】相似。【2013青岛一模】Weve been looking for a cheap house but havent found one yet.我一直在找一个便宜的房子但是还没有找到。4both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者或三者以上allanynone【2013威海两校4月模拟】Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday or Sunday?Im sorry.Neither will suit me.Ill be away on business during that period.星期六或星期天陪我去购物好吗?对不起。那两天都不行。我那段时间将正在出差。【2013河北高三教学质量监测】As the two dictionaries are useful,Ill take both and either of them is very important to me.由于这两本词典都有用,我会把它们都带走,每一本对我来说都非常重要。5someone/somebody/something,anyone/anybody/anything,everyone/everybody/everything,no one/nobody/nothing的区别某任何每个,所有没有人someone/ somebodyanyone/ anybodyeveryone/ everybodyno one/ nobody物somethinganythingeverythingnothing【2010天津高考】Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.我的一生中,印象最深的就是第一次去参观故宫。【2010福建高考】When you introduce me to Mr Johnson,could you please say something for me?当你向约翰逊先生介绍我时,请为我说句好话,行吗?【2013乌鲁木齐第一次诊断】I dont like work and nobody does,but I think I like what is in the workthe chance to find myself.我不喜欢工作,我想没有人会喜欢。但是我喜欢在工作中找到发现自己的机会。1【2014江西高中毕业班新课程教学质量检测卷】It is not so difficult to learn English well._you need is listening,speaking,reading and writing it every day.AEverything BAll CEach DSomething【解析】考查代词。句意为:学好英语并不是那么难。你所要做的是每天听、说、读和写英语。everything每件事情;all全部;each每个;something某事。空处为先行词,后面跟的是定语从句,根据后面的“听、说、读和写”可知,这是英语学习的全部。【答案】B2【2014江西重点中学高三3月联合考试】The cultural background of China is totally different from_of the US.Aone Bthat Cthese Dthose【解析】考查代词。句意为:中国的文化背景与美国的完全不同。that指代前文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词,故此处用that指代The cultural background。【答案】B3【2014福建龙岩三校二模】So,which would you take,the green sweater or the blue one,madam?_.Can I see some others?I want a pink one.AEither BNeither CNone DAnyone【解析】考查代词。从“I want a pink one.”可知,这位顾客对售货员介绍的蓝色毛衣和绿色毛衣都不满意,所以用Neither,表示“两者都不”。【答案】B4【2014济南4月巩固性训练】It makes good sense to buy a large packet because_will work out cheaper in the end.Ait Bthis Cone Dthey【解析】考查代词。句意为:买大盒的是很明智的做法,因为大盒的最终算下来更便宜。此处代词指代前面提到的a large packet,属同一事物,故选it。【答案】A5【2014潍坊市高三联合考试】Who is standing over there?It must be_from an express company.Aeverybody Bsomebody Cnobody Danybody【解析】考查不定代词的用法。句意为:谁站在那儿?肯定是快递公司的某个人。表示不确定的某人要用不定代词somebody。【答案】B6【2014福建三明三校联考】Its said that Tom is a wise manager in your company.Oh,no,he is_but a wise leader.Aanything Banyone Canybody Danywhere【解析】考查代词。句意为:听说你们公司的Tom是个英明的经理。哦,不是。他一点儿也不英明。anything but表示“一点儿也不”,符合语境。【答案】A7【2014安徽高三皖西四校第二次联考】How can I get to the wooden tower?There are two paths here and,I hear,_of them leads to it.Aboth Bnone Call Deither【解析】考查代词。根据前面的two paths,可排除B项和C项,因为all指三者或三者以上范围内“全部”,none指三者或三者以上“没有一个”;由谓语动词leads可排除A项。either【两者中的】任何一个,符合语境。【答案】D8【2014福建省普通高中质量检查】Shall I attend my friends comingofage ceremony,Mum?No,unless you see to _that you will be home before 10:00 pm.Aone Bthis Cit Dher【解析】考查代词。句意为:妈妈,我可以参加朋友的成人礼吗?不行,除非你确保在晚上10点之前回家。see to it that.确保,it在句中作形式宾语。【答案】C9【2014日照模拟】It is a new kind of robot invented by the Chinese,_that can feel pain when being used in a dental training course.Aone Bit Cthat Dthe one【解析】考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用one代替前面提到的单数可数名词robot,表示泛指,故可排除the one。it指上文提到的那个事物,即同名同物,that指代同名异物,但为特指,均可排除。【答案】A10【2014青岛一模】Weve been looking for a cheap house but havent found_yet.Aone Bother Cit Dthat【解析】考查代词。句意为:我们一直在寻找一个便宜的房子但是还没有找到。other表示“其他的”,it指代同名同物,that表特指,指代单数可数名词或不可数名词,均可排除。此处onea cheap house,泛指任何一个便宜的房子,符合句意,故答案为A项。【答案】A11【2014齐鲁名校联合测试】The microblog has become_classroom for me,and the teachers are all big names in academia.Aother Bthe other Cothers Danother【解析】考查不定代词。句意为:微博已成为我的第二课堂,这里的老师们都是学术界的大师级人物。根据句意可知这里所说的课堂应该是不同于学校中课堂的“另一个”不同形式的课堂,故选another,表示不确定的“另一个”。【答案】D12【2014成都第一次诊断】Which cup do you like,Tommy?_.I think theyre both ugly.ANothing BNone CEither DNeither【解析】考查不定代词。根据答语中的“theyre both ugly”可知,Tommy对两个杯子都不喜欢,所以选Neither。【答案】D
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