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中考英语作文十大常见错误分析俗话说“千里之行始于足下”。英语书面表达能力的形成不是一日之功,必须从平时的课堂学习一点一滴抓起,持之以恒。一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体,任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而,很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意,或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现名词不变复数、第三人称单数不加s,前后不一致,以及时态语态、句子完整性等方面的错误。1. 审题不清如2004年中考作文要求写一项最喜欢的课外活动,有些考生将作文的主题定位为“我最喜欢的活动”,偏离了“一项、课外活动”这一主题。依据作文的评分原则,若文章内容不切题,则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确,都会被判为零分。2.拼写错误拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功,但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分,而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差,同时也直接影响内容的表达,通常会降低作文的档次。3.名词单复数问题误 my father and my mother is all teacher。正 my father and my mother are both teachers。4.缺少动词在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的,但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有 动词来构成,如:“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语,而用形容词,但英语形容词不能作谓语,一定要写成:im tired。误 i happy i can come to beijing zoo。正 i am happy i can come to beijing zoo。误 the apples cheap. ill take some。正 the apples are cheap. ill take some。5.缺少介词、冠词等还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法,不了解中英文语言习惯的不同,也会出现明显的错误,造成丢分现象。误 because heavy rain we cant hold the sports meeting。正 because of the heavy rain we cant hold the sports meeting。6.代词的误用英语中代词的形式很多,包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分;此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词,而英语中物主代词是不可省略的,代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。误 i mother and i went to the shop to buy a present for i father。正 my mother and i went to the shop to buy a present for my father。7.句子不完整有的考生因为对句子结构认识模糊,所以出现只写半句的现象,这也是造成失分的原因之一。误 many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college. for example, my friend in high school。(这段文章的第二句话没有动词,他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。)正 many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college, for example, my friend in high school。8.前后不一致所谓不一致,包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等。例1. when one have knowledge, he can do what he want to do。(人一旦有了知识,他就能想干什么就干什么。)剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has ;同理,want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。改为 when one has knowledge , he can do what he wants (to do)9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化,而对英语来说,这些都至关重要。例:误 when i get to the station the train leave。正 when i got to the station the train had left。10.综合性错误综合性错误是指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等,以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。这些都是靠考生平时知识的积累,所以考生应该从平时练习出发,每天坚持写英语日记,多读适合自己英语水平的原版著作,提高自己的英语素养。如何写好文章开头开头是作文在阅卷老师面前的第一次亮相,它将决定你所写的文章在阅卷老师心中所留下的第一印象。如果第一印象好,就意味着有了良好的开端,也就成功了一半。Good beginning is half done,我们该怎样一提起笔就让自己成功一半呢?1. “开门见山”式开头一般来说,文章的开头应尽量做到“开门见山”,即要用简单明了的语言引出文章的话题,使人一开始就能了解文章要说明的内容。 对于叙事类的文章,可以在开头把人物、时间、事件和环境交代清楚。如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头可以是:Last month,my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us。 对于论述性的文章,可以在开头处先阐明自己的观点,接着展开进一步的论述。如“The Time and the Money(时间和金钱)”的开头可以是:Most people say that money is more important than time. But I dont think so. First,when money is used up,you can earn it back,but2. 回忆性开头在描述事件或游记类的文章中,采用回忆性的开头往往更能吸引人的眼球。这种类型的开头中通常含有描述自己心情或情绪的词汇,如never forget (永远无法忘记)、 remember (记得)、unforgettable (难以忘怀的)、 exciting(令人激动的)、surprising(令人惊讶的)、sad (难过的)如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头还以这样写:I will never forget my first trip to Huangshan. 或It was really an unforgettable experience I had。3. 疑问性开头在叙事类或论述性的文章中,都可采用疑问型开头,这样既可以吸引阅卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。如“Planting Trees(种树)”的开头可以是:Have you ever planted trees? Dont you think planting trees is 再如“Traveling Abroad(出国之旅)”的开头可以是:If you have anopportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?4. 倒叙式开头在有的文章,特别是叙事类的文章中,可以采用倒叙的写作手法,先写出事件的结果,再陈述过程。如“Catching Thieves (捉贼)”的开头可以这样写:I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friends even though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell you. Its a story。十字诀初中英语作文分为四等。一等文:13-15分;二等文:9-12分;三等文:5-8分;四等文:0-4分。教给大家十个字,搞定初中英语写作,帮你拿到一等文。要点+结构+逻辑+语法+亮点要点:实际上中考微博英语写作就等于两个字,翻译!因为中考英语写作一般会给出几个要点,要求必须在文章中有所体现。文章写的再好,只要缺少要点就会扣分。所以要点,也就是文章的第二段内容,要做到全,围绕中心。结构:中考最流行的结构就是三段式,深受各地区中考英语写作阅卷老师的喜爱。为什么尼?因为这种结构十分清晰。“观点要点总结”让人一目了然。三段式的第一段:简单明了,开门见山,不超过2句话,如,我们想表达小强很强壮,第一段直接说XQ is extremely strong. 观点明确,这一句足矣。第二段:分2-3点说为什么他强壮。1. 每天吃10顿饭,He has ten meals everyday!详举吃的是什么。2. 每天运动2小时,He does exercise 2 hours a day! 详举做了什么运动。第三段:经过第二段的论证,可以得出结论。但请注意,不能完全照抄第一段,要有升华。也可以提出希望和建议等。如,Howstrong and robust XQ is! I hope to be him one day!逻辑:这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑词。最常用的就是表示递进的,转折的,总结的逻辑词等。递进:除了first, second, third, finally 等还可以使用高级点的,如first of all(首先),inaddition, whats more, moreover(都是另外的意思),in a word, all inall(表示总结的)。转折:but, yet,however等。真正有经验的阅卷老师会很注意这些逻辑连接词,因为这些词体现了这个文章的思路。语法:其他几点都不是硬性的要求,不那样做不能说是错,只能说是不好,但是语法却是硬性的。如,单词的使用,时态等。亮点:当我们将前八个字都做得很完美的时候也只能得到一个二等文的上。要想得到一等文,最后两个字,亮点至关重要。大家设想如果我们是阅卷老师。有两篇写人美丽的作文摆在我们面前,都是结构清晰的三段式,要点都很全,都用了一些逻辑词,都没有语法错误,但是A篇只用了beautiful,good-looking,B篇却用到了attractive,charming,catching等,我坚信正常人都会给B篇高分的。这些高级一点的词汇,词组,句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。所以,以后写英语作文要养成一般词汇限量用的好习惯。中考英语作文必备的10个“万金油”句型1. 不用说 It goes without saying that = (It is) needless to say (that) = It is obvious that 例:不用说早睡早起是值得的。It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours。2. 在各种之中, Among various kinds of , /= Of all the , 例在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular。3. 就我的看法;我认为In my opinion, = To my mind, = As far as I am concerned, = I am of the opinion that 例:In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health。就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。4. 随着人口的增加 With the increase/growth of the population, 随着科技的进步 With the advance of science and technology, 例:With the rapid development of Taiwans economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass。随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。5. 是必要的 It is necessary (for sb。) to do / that 是重要的 It is important/essential (for sb。) to do / that 是适当的 It is proper (for sb。) to do / that 是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb。) to do / that 例:It is proper for us to keep the public places clean。It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean。我们应当保持公共场所清洁。6. 花费 spend on sth. / doing sth. 例:我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。We shouldnt spend too much time on something we arent interested in。7. how 引导的感叹句例:那至少可以证明你很诚实。At least it will prove how honest you are。8. 状语从句A)如果你不,你就会 If you dont , youll 例If you dont keep working hard, youll lose the chance。如果你不坚持努力工作,你就会失去这次机会。B) 如此 ,以至于 so that 例:At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up。当时,我非常伤心,最后都想放弃了。C) 每当我听到我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear , I cannot but feel excited。每当我做我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do , I cannot but feel sad。每当我想到我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of , I cannot but feel nervous。每当我遭遇我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with , I cannot but feel frightened。每当我看到我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see , I cannot but feel surprised。例:Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad。= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad。每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。9. 宾语从句我认为, / 我认为不 I think / I dont think that 我想知道是否 I wonder whether 例:He doesnt think I should stop him joining the club。他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。10. Since + S + 过去式, S + 现在完成式。例:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard。自从他上高中,他就一直很用功中考指导:英语作文万能开头14句1、关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为There are different opinions among people as to _ 。Some people suggest that_。2、俗话说(常言道),它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。There is an old saying_。 Its the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct inmany cases even today。3、现在,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,;其次,。更为糟糕的是。Today, _, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, _ Second,_。 What makesthings worse is that_。4、现在,很普遍,许多人喜欢,因为,另外(而且)。Nowadays,it is common to _。Many people like _because _。 Besides,_。5、任何事物都是有两面性,也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and _is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages。6、关于人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说),在他们看来,Peoples opinions about _ vary from person to person.Some people say that _。To them,_。7、人类正面临着一个严重的问题,这个问题变得越来越严重。Man is now facing a big problem _which is becoming more and more serious。8、已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。_ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on theirway。9、在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。_ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well。10、根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出。很显然,但是为什么呢?According to thefigure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that_while. Obviously,_,but why?11、Recently, the problem of has aroused peoples concern。最近,问题已引起人们的关注。12、Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well。互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题。 13、Nowadays,(overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face。如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。14、With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为冲刺高分四步骤法多关注焦点、热点、人文关怀类题材李老师告诉记者,近几年的中考书面表达命题常见题型一是根据所给标题写作,即命题作文,如 My school/family/class/hometown 等;二是根据英语情景提示写作或者是根据表格提示写作,即话题作文;三是根据一幅图画或者带有一些图片说明的题目,即看图写作。这三种都属材料作文,特点是给出特定的书面材料,并准确地记述、描写、转达某一活动的内容或动机,从而达到书面语言交际的目的。体裁有记叙文、描写文、说明文和应用文(英文书信、E-mail、感谢信)、日记、请假条、便条、讲稿、启事、电话留言条、贺卡、发言稿(值日报告)、介绍、通知、看图写话等。李老师着重强调了一点,近年的中考英语作文基本上是材料作文。这些题材与生活实际紧密联系,并关注社会焦点、热点问题,体现人文关怀。所设计的情景密切联系现实生活,写作题材源于生活,使学生有话可说,有利于写出真情实感,也有利主动性、创造性地发挥。所以,学生在复习时要多关注社会焦点、热点问题、人文关怀类题材。打牢基础,养成勤练习的好习惯李老师表示,要想在有限的篇幅和时间内,使书面表达行文流畅,语言丰富、得体,就要按题目的需要和自己实际英文水平,扬长避短,选用最熟悉的最有把握的词、句,注意时态、语态等多种句式的交替使用。“最主要的是一定要平时打牢基础,练好基本功,养成练习的好习惯;多研究中考书面表达的要求,重视技巧训练;适时进行备考训练。”李老师提醒学生要掌握中考书面表达对学生的能力要求。这些能力包括:在所学词汇、语法和句型的基础上写出句意完整、语法准确的句子;能根据所提供的材料、信息、图片、图表及英文词汇完成应用文、话题作文和看图作文;切中题意,文理通顺;上下文连贯,逻辑正确;要素完整,语言得当;格式正确;无拼写错误及大小写错误,书写规范整洁,标点正确。四步骤法轻松“拿下”书面表达李老师结合自己多年的教学心得,以及近几年编写指导学生中考英语的经验,就中考英语书面表达如何能够在考场有限时间内得高分,给出了四个步骤,初三学生不妨一试,并在寒假里按此法多多练习。认真审题 包括文字说明、图表、短文提供的资料和信息,以及参考词汇、字数要求等,准确把握人物关系和故事情节,理解主题大意,审清文体,确定格式,确定人称、主体时态。列出要点 结合提示信息,把涉及的所有写作要点逐条列出,编写要点提纲,组织语言。如:1.开篇句:I think that.。我认为.;It is often said that.。人们经常这么说.2.连接句:Among all the given reasons, one should be mentioned。在所有理由中,有一个值得一提;The main reason why.is that.。之所以.。的主要原因是. 3.结束句:一般情况下,记叙文和说明文采用自然结尾法;夹叙夹议和发表观点类的文章则往往有结束语,首尾呼应。结尾的形式也因文章类别和开头的风格而灵活多变。如:Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that考虑到所有这些因素,我们可以做出这样的结论另外,书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语:Best wishes; I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year等。完成写作 写作时语言要纯正地道,避免母语的影响;用多种表达方式,避免重复和呆板;使用熟悉的短语、句式,提高准确率。如:1.并列关系的过渡词:and, as well as, not only. but also, neither.nor. both.and2.转折关系的过渡词:but, yet, however3.时间关系的过渡词:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last4.空间关系的过渡词:near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right5.比较关系的过渡词:in the same way, just like, just as6.对照关系的过渡词:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of7.递进关系的过渡词:also, and, then, too, in addition8.因果关系的过渡词:because, since, then, so, therebefore9.解释说明的过渡词:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually.10.强调的过渡词:in fact, in deed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important11.目的的过渡词:for this reason, for this purpose12.列举的过渡词:for example, such as13.总结性的过渡词:in conclusion, finally仔细检查 查格式是否有误;人称、时态是否恰当;语法结构是否正确;注意英汉表达的差异;字母大小写;字数是否合乎要求等
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