2012高考英语常用经典句型50必背.doc

高考英语常用经典句型50必背1、as 句型：(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照；正如”例：We do farm work as the old peasant teaches us.As (it is) in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south. 正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。(2) as形容词副词原级（a an）名词as ;否定式：not as/so - as例：He is as good a player as his sister他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。(3) such + n. + as to do 如此以致于例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此以致于例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。(5) such - as-象之类的 （接名词或定语从句）例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。(6) the same 名词as 和一样的 （接名词或定语从句）例：He is not the same man as he used to be 他不是从前的那样子了。(7) as 引导非限制性定语从句例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。(8)引导时间状语从句。与while意义相近例：We get wiser as we get older. 随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。(9) 引导原因状语从句，与because的用法相近例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。(10) 引导让步状语从句例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。2、prefer 句型：(1) prefer to do sth例：I prefer to stay at home.我宁愿呆在家里。(2) prefer doing sth例：I prefer playing in defence.我喜欢打防守。(3) prefer sb to do sth例：Would you prefer me to stay?你愿意我留下来吗？ (4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿.而不愿.例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth例：I prefer watching football to playing it.我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。(6) prefer sth to sth例：I prefer tea to coffee.我要茶不要咖啡。3、when 句型：(1) be doing sth - when -例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。(2) be about to do sth - when -例：We were about to start when it began to rain.我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。(3) had not done sth - when -/ hardly - when -例： He had not fallen asleep when the telephone rang.他刚要入睡电话就响了。(4) had just done - when -例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。4、seem 句型：(1) It +seems + that从句例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.看来好像每个人都很满意。(2) It seems to sb that -例：It seems to me that she is right.我看她是对的，(3) There seems to be -例：There seems to be a heavy rain.看上去要有一场大雨。(4) It seems as if -例：It seemed that she couldnt come to class.看样子她不能来上课了。5、表示“相差；增加了；增加到”句型：(1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸(2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。(3)She is three years old than I她比我大三岁。(4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50%6、what 引导的名词性从句(1) what 引导主语从句例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡. indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的(2) what 引导宾语从句例：We can learn what we do not know. 我们能学会我们不懂的东西。(3) what 引导表语从句例：That is what I want.那正是我所要的。(4) what 引导同位语从句例：I have no idea what they are talking about. 我不知道他们正在谈论什么.7、too句型：(1) too.to do sth例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians（Politics is so important that it cant be left to the politicians）政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。(2) only too - to do sth例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.我要回到家里就非常高兴。(3) too + adj + for sth例：These shoes are much too small for me.我穿这双鞋太小了。(4) too + adj + a + n.例：This is too difficult a text for me.这篇课文对我来说太难了。(5)cant too +形容词无论也不为过例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。8、where句型：(1) where 引导的定语从句例：This is the house where he lived last year. 这就是他去年住过的房子。(2) where 引导的状语从句例：Where there is a will，there is a way有志者事竟成。He left his key where he could find他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。I will go where I want to go我要去我想去的地方。(3) where引导的表语从句例：This is where you are wrong.这正是你错的地方。注：引导状语从句的where= 介词+the place where （定语从句）例：Go where(ver) you are most needed.到最需要你的地方去。9、wish 句型(1) wish that sb did sth希望某人现在做某事例：I wish I were as strong as you. 我希望和你一样强壮。 (2) wish that sb had done sth希望某人过去做某事例： I wish you had told me earlier要是你早点告诉我就好了。(3) wish that sb would/could do sth希望某人将来做某事例：I wish you would succeed this time. 我希望你这次会成功。10、would rather 句型：(1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做而不愿做例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。(2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事例：I would rather have taken his advice.我宁愿过去接受他的意见。(3) would rather sb had done sth宁愿某人过去做过某事例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.我真希望通过上星期的考试(4) would rather sb did sth宁愿某人现在或将来做某事例： Who would you rather went with you? 你宁愿谁和你一起去？11、before 句型：(1) before sb can/ could 某人还没来得及例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. 他还有四年时间变毕业了。(3) had done some timebefore（才）例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。(4)had not done - before -不到就例：We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。(5) It was not +一段时间+ before不多久就例：It wasnt two years before he left the country.还没到两年他们离开了那国家。12、强调句型：(1) It is was 被强调部分that（who）.例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。(2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) .例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗？ (3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that .例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?明天你究竟怎样去看望她？(4) do +谓语动词（强调谓语）例：They do know the place well. 他们的确很熟悉那个地方。13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型：(1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth.例：You should like to have written to your mother.你本应当给你母亲写信。(2) was / were going to do sth.（用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么）例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。(3) was / were going to have done sth. 表示未完成原来的计划和安排例：Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time.Lily 原打算清理她的卧室，但她没时间。(4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think,want, wish .常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式；或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望例：She had supposed him to be very rich.她原以为他很有钱。(5) wish that had done sth.表示过去未曾实现的愿望例：I wish he had been here yesterday. 要是他昨天在这儿就好了。(6) 情态动词should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成时，表示过去本该做，打算做，想做而未做的事情should have done =ought to have done本应该做而没做would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做could have done = 本可以做某事而没做might have done本可以做而没做例：They ought to have apologized.他们本该道歉的。14、倍数句型：(1)倍数比较级than.，例：The room is twice larger than that one这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark.(2)倍数as原级as.，例：The room is three times as large as that one这个房间是那个房间的三倍。(3)倍数the size heightlength weight width of.例：The room is three times the size of that one这个房间是那个房间的3倍大。15、 It is - that - 句型(1) It is 名词 从句It is a fact/an honour -that+陈述语气从句例：It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转是事实。It is a pity/shame/no wonder that+ 虚拟语气从句例：It is a pity that he should not come. 他若不来可真是遗憾。(2) It is 形容词 从句It is natural/important/necessary/strange that + 虚拟语气从句例：It is important that enough money be collected to fund the project.重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。It is obvious/apparent/clear that+ 陈述语气从句例：It is clear that she doesnt like the dress at all.这很清楚她一点儿也不喜欢这条裙子。(3) It 过去分词 从句It is generally/commonly believed /accepted/thought/heldthat .+陈述语气从句例：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。It is suggested/ordered/desired/requested/decided that +虚拟语气从句例句：It is suggested that we should hold a meeting next week.建议我们下周开上会。16、It 不及物动词 从句(1) It seems that例：It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.看来Alice根本就不准备来参加聚会了。(2) It happened that.很偶然.例：It happened that I won the football lottery last week.我上星期偶然中了足彩(3) It occurred to sb that.例句：It suddenly occurred to me thatI knew how to solve that problem.我突然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题.(4) It appears that.例： It appears that Tom might change his mind.看来汤姆会改变主意。17、比较句型：(1)原级比较：例：English is not so difficult a subject as Russia.英语不是和像俄语一样难的科目。Their bones are not as thick as adults.他们的骨头和成年人的不一样厚。(2)一方超过另一方：例：The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year.今年的气候比上一年的气候要热得多。(3)一方不如另一方：例：The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before.修复工作是如此的糟，以致于它使得一些建筑没有以前安全了。(4) The + -er + S + V, - the + -er + S + V -The + more + Adj + S + V, - the + more + Adj + S + V -（愈.愈.）例：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。(5) more. than与其说倒不如说例：Smith is more diligent than intelligent.与其说Smith聪明倒不如说他勤奋。(6) no +形容词比较级+ than = as +形容词的反义词+as例：I am no better at English than you. 我的英语不比你好。(7) that 在前后比较中代替不可数名词和特指的单数可数名词例：The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from thatof Father Christmas.(8) one 在前后比较中代替泛指的单数可数名词。例：I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Nanjing, because I want to live nearmy Moms. 与南京相比我更喜欢在北京有一套公寓，因为我想跟我妈妈住一起。(9) those 在前后比较中代替 特指的复数可数名词。例：Salaries are higher here than those in my country.这儿的工资比我们国家的高。(10) ones 在前后比较中代替泛指的复数可数名词例：Cars do cause us some health problems - in fact far more serious onesthan mobile phones do.汽车确实给我们的身体健康带来问题，事实上比手机造成的问题更严重。18、感叹句型：(1) What a + Adj + N + S + V!例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!信守我们的诺言是多么的重要啊！(2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么.！）例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事！(3) How + S + V!例句：How I want to go to Beijing. 我多么想去北京啊！19、表法猜测的句型：(1) must have done sth 一定做过某事 否定形式：cant have done例：She must have come here last night. 她一定是昨晚来的。She cant have gone there她不可能到那儿去。(2) may have done sth可能做过某事否定形式：may not have done例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident.Philip 可能在这次车祸中伤得很严重。(3) might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done例：She might have known what the bottle contained.她或许知道这个瓶子里装的是什么。(4) should have done sth 估计已经做了某事否定形式：should not have done例：She should have arrived in her office by now.她此刻估计已经到达办公室了。20、动词不定式常用句型：(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.例句：It took me years of hard work to speak good English.为了讲一口流利的英语,我花了多年时间刻苦操练.(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth例：Lincoln said that it was not right for the South to break away from theUnion.林肯说南方脱离联邦是不对的。It was careless of Tom to break the cup.(3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do. 某人除了做别无选择.例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for wed missed the last bus.由于错过了最后一班公共汽车,除了乘坐的士,我们别无选择.(4) Its not /just like sb. to do sth.的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.例：lts not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the mostimportant thing in life.上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的.(5) .形容词副词enough to do sth例：I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa.(6) It pays to + V - （.是值得的。）例句：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。(7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住这儿一定会花很多钱的。(8) do all he could to do sthdo what he could to do sthdo everything he could to do sth例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland.他们在尽最大努力去帮助祖国。(9) It is hard to imagine/ say 很难想象/说例：It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours eachday.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。Its hard to say whether the plan is practical.这个计划是否实际很难说。21、动名词常用句型：(1).have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth.(有困难做某事)例：People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.来自那两个国家的人们在相互理解上是没有困难的。(2) upon/on doing sth, 一就例：Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that hecouldnt say a word.一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。(3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.例：There is no difficulty in solving this social problem.解决这个社会问题毫无困难。(4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth例：There is no need in sending such expensive present.没有必要送这样贵重的礼物。(5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth例：They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.他们说孩子们花太多的时间在闲聊和玩游戏上，而不是集中在学习上。(6) Its no use / good/ worth doing sth例：Its no use talking with him. He wont listen to you.跟他谈没用，他不会听你的。(7) Its a waste of time/money/energy doing例：Its a waste of time watching TV programme as this.22、as if/though 句型：例：He spoke to me as if I were deaf.他那样给我说话，就像我是聋子似的。The new students talked as though they had been friends for years.新来的学生们说话很亲热，就像多年的老朋友似的。23、IF虚拟条件句(1) 与过去事实相反例：If the man had pointed with his first finger while he was in Brunei, everyone would have thought that he was very rude.在Brunei，如果那人用第一个手指指着的话，那人人都会认为他很不礼貌。(2) 与现在事实相反例：If I were in your position, I would call the police immediately.如果我处在你的位置，我会立即打电话给警察。(3) 与将来事实相反例：If I had (should have) time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.如果我明天有空的话，我当然会帮助你的。(4) 虚拟条件句中的倒装：例：Should it rain, the crops would grow better.如果天下雨的话，庄稼会长得更好。Were I your father, I would not give you the money.如果我是你父亲的话，我就不会给你那钱了。Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk如果不是那船长的话，那船就会沉没了。24、Not - until 句型(1) 陈述句 not - until - 直到才例：Last night I didnt go to bed until 11 oclock. 昨晚我11点钟才睡觉。(2) 强调句It wasnt untilthat. 直到才.例：It wasnt until yesterday that I got your letter.我直到昨天才收到你的来信.(3) 倒装句 Not until.did. 直到才.例：Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我开始工作,我才意识到我已蹉跎了很多岁月.25、since 句型：(1) Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。(2) It is +- + since +持续性谓语动词（表否定）例：It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住这儿了。(3) It is + - + since S + 瞬间谓语动词（表肯定）例：It is years since I stopped smoking）我戒烟已经数年了。26、If only.! 真希望!若是那该多好啊!(1) 谓语动词用过去式表现在：如：例：If only I knew his name! 要是我知道他的名字就好了。(2) 谓语动词用过去完成时表过去：如：例：If only we had followed your advice! 我们要是采纳你的意见就好了。(3) 谓语动词用could/would表将来：如：例：If only I could see him again! 要是我能再看到他多好啊！If only she would accept my invitation!要是她接受我的邀请该多好啊!27、让步状语从句：(1) Adj./n./adv. + as/ though+ Subject（主词）+ be, S + V- （虽然.）例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。(2) No matter what等特殊疑问词.无论什么.例句：No matter what happens, Ill always stand by you.不论发生什么事,我都永远支持你.(3) However + adj/adv + S + V,尽管例：You wont be able to do it alone, however much you try.不论你多努力，你一个人也做不来。(4) whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever + S + V，无论什么/哪里例：Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。(5) whether or not例：Whether you like it or not, youll have to do it.不管你喜欢不喜欢，你必须做这件事。(6) even if/though例：Even if/Even though the exercise is very difficult, you must do it.即使那练习很难，你都必须做。28、违反常规的冠词位置句型：(1) so/as/that/too/how +adj. + a/an + n.例：He is as good a student as you. 他和你一样是个好学生。This is too difficult a problem for me.对我来说这是一个太难的问题。You can hardly imagine how clever a boy he is.你几乎想象不到那孩子有多聪明。(2) quite/rather/what/such/many + a/an + (adj) +n例：She sang quite a beautiful song. 她的歌唱得很漂亮。He was such a fool as to believe what she said.他是这样的一个笨蛋以致于相信了她说的话。(3) all/both/half/twice the + n例：All the students in her class like her very much.她班上所有的学生都喜欢她。29、表示最高级的句型：(1) Nothing is + - er than to + VNothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V例：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。(2) no one (nobody, nothing)+so/as+原级as例：Nobody is so blind as those who will not see.没有人像那些视而不见的人如此的瞎了。(3) 比较级than + any other +名词单数比较级than +anything(anyone)else比较级than + any of the others例：Bamboo probably has more uses than any other plant in the world.(4) 否定词 +比较级例：It cant be worse.这是最糟的I cant agree any more.我非常同意。(5) be the last -例：This is the last thing I want to do. 这是我最不想干的事。30、more - than 句型：(1) more - than与其不如例：He is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work.在工作上与其说他慢不如说他懒。(2) more than超过；不仅仅是；非常例：These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together. 这些旗子不只是不同颜色的布料和丝线逢在一起。(3) not more than最多，不超过例：They finished the project in not more than one year.在不超过一年的时间内，他们完成了那项工程。(4) no more than仅仅例：The officials could see no more than the Emperor.那些官员能看到的仅仅是皇帝。31、形式宾语与宾语补语句型：(1) 形式宾语代动词不定式例：I think it necessary to explore the space. 我认为探索太空是有必要的。(2) 形式宾语代从句例：They found it strange that no one would take the money.他们感到很奇怪谁也不要这一笔钱。(3) 过去分词做宾语补语表示宾语被动的动作：例：I had my pen stolen. 我的笔被偷了。(4) 现在分词做宾语补语表示宾语正在进行的动作。例：They found her lying in bed reading a novel.他们发现她躺在床上看小说。(5) 以名词（间或可用代词）作宾语补足语：例：In 1849, he went to England and made London the base for hisrevolutionary work.1849年他到了英国，并且把伦敦作为他的革命工作的基地。I think him an honest man.我认为他是一个诚实的人。(6) 介词短语做宾语补语：如：例：I cant find him in the office.我在办公室外没有发现他。(7) What do you find the hardest in. 你觉得最大的困难是什么例句：What do you find the hardest in learning English你觉得学英语最大的困难是什么32、特殊的条件句：(1) Suppose/ Supposing -, 假如例：Suppose/Supposing he is absent, what shall we do?假如他缺席，我们怎么办？(2) On condition that只要；如果例：Ill come on condition that John is invited, too.如果约翰也被邀请，我就来。(3) provided (that)/ providing - 只要I will come provided (that) I am well enough. 只要我身体好，我一定来。You may go out providing you do your homework first.只要你先做作业，你便可以外出。(4) so/as long as例：As/So long as you work hard, youll succeed in the end.只要你好好干，终究会成功的。(5) 祈使句+and + 陈述句(表肯定）例：Give him an inch and hell take a mile.(= If you give him an inch, hell take a mile. ) 他会得寸进尺的。(6) 祈使句+ or/otherwise +陈述句 (表否定）例：Start at once, or / otherwise youll miss the train.(= If you dont start at once )(= Unless you start at once, youll miss the train.)立即动身，否则你会错过那班火车的。(7) wont.unless. 除非否则我不会.例句：I wont write to him unless he writes to me first.我不会写信给他的,除非他先写给我.33、特殊的比较句型：(1) A differs from B in that (A不同于B在于)例：She differs from her sister in the colour of her eyes.她眼睛的颜色跟她姐姐不同。(2) .varies from person to person (是因人而异的)例：The opinion of the problem varies from person to person.对这个问题的看法是因人而异的。(3) A is superior(inferior) to B.A 优越于B例：The modal is technically superior to its competitors.这一款式在技术上优越于与之竞争的产品。Some consider digital TV to be superior to satellite TV. (4) be different from例：Its meaning can be completely different from the meaning of its components. 它的意思有时候跟它的合成的意思完全不一样。(5) be inferior to例：Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.现代音乐常被人认为不如过去的。(6) A and B have sth in common. A 和B 有共同点。例：The Japanese and Chinese cultures have a lot in common.日本与中国的文化具有许多相同点。34、必须背诵的There be 句型：(1) There is no immediate solution to the problem .对于这个问题没有立即的解决的方案。(2) There is no denying that + S + V .（不可否认的.）例：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from badto worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。(3) There is no doubt that. 毫无疑问例句：There is no doubt that health is better than wealth.毫无疑问,健康胜于财富.(4) Theres no point in. 是无意义的.例句：Theres no point in getting angry when things have happened.对已发生的事生气是没有意义的.(5) Theres no way. 绝不可能.例句：Theres no way one could succeed without hard work.一个人不努力绝不可能成功.(6) There is no one but - （没有人不.）例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。(7)There is no need/use/harm/hurry in doing sth例：There is no need in spending money mending the broken car.没有必要花钱去修理那破车了。There is no use in regretting when time passed by.时间过去了再后悔就没有用了