资源描述
高考作文分类专项（一） 人物人品课标解读：指本人、家人、邻居、同学、老师、朋友和其他人的情况介绍。包括姓名、年龄、生日、出生地、地址、电话号码、QQ号、电子邮箱、职业、品格、性格、习惯、毅力、责任、个性心理、意志品质、业绩或成就；所在学校、年级、班级，等等。球星影星、同时代的出现在各领域的名人(contemporary famous people)、科学家、领袖人物、历史人物(historical persons)及其趣闻轶事。命题预测：自我介绍；名人简历；名人轶事；写竞选演讲稿；写求职书或应聘信；推荐信等。一、基础积累（一）必备词句：1.年龄(1)a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩(2)a boy aged five 一个五岁的男孩(3)in my teens /twenties在我十/二十多岁时(4)at the age of five在五岁时(5)As a child, I liked to. 我小时候喜欢2.出生(1)was born in . 出生在(2)be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家(3)was born into a peasant family出生于一个农民家庭3.外表(1)a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一个高1.8米的男孩(2)overweight胖的；thin瘦的；slim苗条的；strong强壮的(3)look young for ones age 显得比实际年龄年轻(4)good-looking 长得好看；plain-looking 长得一般(5)well dressed 穿得漂亮；neatly dressed 衣着干净整洁能力(1)efficient办事高效率的(2)intelligent有智力的；creative 富创造力的(3)a boy with great ability 能干的男孩(4)a qualified teacher 一名合格的教师(5)speak fluent English 讲流利的英语(6)have a gift for 有的天赋(7)be skilled in 在方面熟练(8)be experienced in 在方面有经验4.健康(1)be in good health/shape/condition 身体健康(2)energetic精力充沛的；well-built身材健美的(3)suffer from. 患上5.经历(1)graduate from. 从毕业(2)major in 以为专业(3)gain scholarship 获得奖学金(4)get good grades获得好成绩(5)get a masters degree 获得硕士学位(6)be given the title of. 获得称号(7)win a gold/silver/copper medal 获得金/银/铜牌(8)gain/win the first prize/place 获得一等奖/第一名 (二) 相关短语1.be born in a poor family出生贫穷家庭2. attend school 上学3.at the age of 在岁时4.during his childhood在他童年时5.sense of humour幽默感 6. be always ready to总是乐于7. modest and honest谦虚诚实8. be regarded as被认为是9. have a gift for在方面有天赋10. work hard at致力于11. devote ones life to致力于12. graduate from 从毕业13. take an active part in积极参加14. open-minded and optimistic乐观开朗15. be admitted to被录取; 考入 16. go abroad for further studies出国深造17. be honored for因而受到尊敬18. dream of being a writer梦想成为作家19.make contributions to对做出贡献20.have a strong interest in对有浓厚兴趣（三）相关句式1. When he was a boy, he showed a great interest in maths.他小时候就对数学非常感兴趣。2. Born in a small town in 1812, Charles Dickens was able to attend school for only two years owing to his poor family.查尔斯狄更斯于1812年出生在一个小镇, 由于家里穷,只上了两年的学。3. As a teacher, she is kind, helpful and patient, so all of us like her.作为一名教师, 她善良、助人而有耐心, 因此我们都喜欢她。4. Wang Ping, an 18-year-old girl from Class 3, Senior 3, loves reading books.王萍, 来自高三三班的一个十八岁女孩, 热爱读书。5. She is always ready to help her fellow classmates improve their reading.她总是乐于帮助同学提高他们的阅读。6. She devoted herself to scientific research and made great contributions to her country.她为科研献出了一切, 对国家作出了巨大贡献。7. He is considered to be one of the greatest scientists in China.他被认为是中国最伟大的科学家之一。8. She was awarded the Nobel prize in Chemistry for her scientific achievement.她因在化学方面的科研成就被授予了诺贝尔奖。技巧点拨：1. 介绍人物特征时, 多使用一般现在时。若描述人物具体的过去行为, 则使用一般过去时。2. 积累常用的人物外貌描写和性格描写的语汇。3. 描写人物性格特征时, 可使用以下句型结构, 丰富人物形象。(1)“so + adj. /adv. + that”, 例：Mary is so diligent that she always comes first in her study.(2) adj. +enough to do sth., 例：Bob was confident enough to solve all the problems by himself.(3) “a person with + n.”, 例：John, a person with imagination, is able to make up many new stories.4. 可使用副词或“with+n.”的状语结构进一步描写人物行为动作。例：(1) David carefully positioned the cup on the edge of the shelf.(2) David positioned the cup on the edge of the shelf with care.5. 使用同位语、定语从句、非谓语丰富人物信息。例：(1) Mr. Smiths, an experienced professor, is willing to help and therefore is thought highly of by all his students.(2) Chen Ming, who was once the champion of the English Speech Contest, is glad to share his learning methods with us.(3) Zhang Ming, furthering his study at Cambridge University, does a part-time job to earn extra money.二、考场再现，举一反三(一)你校将在假期组织部分学生赴英国学习。作为该项目的负责人, 你需负责将两位赴英学生的情况介绍给英方家庭。写作内容请根据以下表格内容, 写信给英方家庭介绍这两位学生的情况。 姓名李华陈伟特点开朗、乐观待人友善.有点害羞爱好体育活动、阅读、听音乐与李华一样担心的问题饮食不习惯沟通困难期望多了解英国的历史文化多交朋友，提高英语水平例题导写1. 弄清写作内容。考生需要对比、介绍李华和陈伟两位学生特点、爱好、担心的问题和期望这四方面的情况。有两种写作思路供选择，思路一：先介绍完李华的情况, 再介绍陈伟的情况。思路二：对比地介绍李华和陈伟在特点、爱好等四个方面的情况。学生可使用but, while, however, on the contrary等连词和副词(短语)承接句子。2. 确定全文时态。描写人物特征，应使用一般现在时。陈述“期望”时,也可使用一般将来时。3. 切忌生硬翻译表格内容。部分学生可能会根据表格直译, 写成：The character of Li Hua is optimistic and active. Li Huas hobbies are sports, reading and listening to music. 地道的表达应该是：Li Hua is (considered to be) optimistic and active. Li Hua is keen on sports, reading and listening to music.4. 本文涉及人物在相同方面的描述, 写作时要注意变换表达, 增添语言色彩。请尝试使用多种表达翻译：(1) 爱好、喜欢like to do; like doing; be keen on; be fond of; enjoy (doing)sth.; be interested in (2) 担心、害怕be worried about sth.; be worried that .; worry about sth.; be concerned about sth.; be afraid of sth.; be afraid that.; sb. fear that .(3) 习惯、适应(3) adapt(oneself)to; accustom oneself to; be/get accustomed to; be /get used to(4) 做有困难(4) find it difficult to do; have difficulty / trouble in doing sth. / with sth.5) 期望(5) look forward to(doing)sth.; hope /long/desire /expect to do sth.; be eager to do sth.参考范文Dear Mr. & Mrs. Smith， Thank you for your offer to host two of our students. The boys names are Li Hua and Chen Wei. Here is a little bit about them. Li is an open-minded and optimistic boy and Chen Wei is very friendly but a little shy. Both boys love sports, especially basketball and football and they also enjoy reading and listening to music. As its the first trip to the U.K, they both feel a little anxious. Li Hua is worried that he has trouble adjusting to British food while Chen Wei is more concerned about being able to communicate clearly with others. Li Hua is really looking forward to learning more about the history of UK and culture and Chen is eager to make some new friends and improve his English.Once again thank you for your generosity.Sincerely Yours，Secretary of the project5. 连句成篇Li Hua is active and optimistic while Chen Wei is friendly and a bit shy. However, they both enjoy playing sports, reading and listening to music. When it comes to what they worry about, Li Hua is concerned about (1) _ and Chen Wei is afraid of the situation (2) _. In terms of their expectations, Li Hua desires to(3) _. As for Chen Wei he wants to(4) _ _ and improve his English. (1.whether he will be accustomed to the diet; 2.in which he will have difficulty in communicating with others;3.know more about the culture and history of Britain; 4.make more Friends.) 2.请尝试使用不同表达完成句子翻译。(1)他是个既聪明又友好的人。He is _.(both smart and friendly/clever as well as friendly/intelligent and nice(as well);) (2)他是如此的诚信, 以致所有认识他的人都称赞他。He is _those who know him all _him.He is _those who know him all _ him.(such an honest person that; think highly of; so honest that; praise)(3)他的谦虚, 给我们留下了很深刻的印象。His _left us a deep _.We were all _. (4)每当我们向他求助时,他总是很耐心地帮助我们。Whenever we _, he will always help us _.Every time we _, he will always _.(modesty;impression;deeply impressed by his modesty;ask him for help;) (Patiently;turn to him for help;give us a helping hand with patience)（二）你校同学李华刚被评为“ 河南三好学生(Merit Student of Guangzhou)”, 以下是李华的个人资料：姓名李华现任职务学校学生会主席、班长爱好阅读、运动、登山特长演讲、英语口语、钢琴曾获奖项学校英语演讲比赛一等奖、校园才艺大赛第一名师生评价李华乐观开朗、多才多艺(versatile), 是一名深受师生喜爱的学生写作内容请根据以上表格内容, 在校园博客上宣传介绍李华, 内容包括：1. 李华刚被评为“广州市三好学生”, 呼吁大家向她学习；2. 李华现任职务、爱好、特长、曾获奖项; 3. 师生对李华的评价。参考范文 Li Hua, who has just been awarded with the title of Merit Student of Henan, is the model that we should learn from. Li Hua, the monitor and the chairman of the Students Union of our school, likes reading, sports and mountain climbing. She is good at delivering speeches, oral English speaking and playing the piano as well. With her hard work, she once won the champion of the School English Speech Contest and came first in the talent show of our school. Li Hua, considered as optimistic and versatile, is liked by both students and teachers.这篇人物介绍的写作涉及课外单词, 如“河南三好学生”、“多才多艺”。既然题目已经给出这些单词的提示，学生必须按照题目提供的生词进行写作, 切勿随意编造或改写单词。其次，本文也涉及了较多固定用语，如“学校学生会主席”(chairman of the Students Union of our school)、“英语演讲比赛”(School English Speech Contest)、“校园才艺大赛”(the talent show of our school或School Talent Show)等, 学生要大写专有名词的首字母,并要在日常学习中积累与此相关用语, 如团委(the Student League)、校园歌手大赛(School Singing Contest)等等。 本题五个句子全是介绍李华的信息, 为避免累赘, 写作时要避免通篇使用Li Hua或she。首句必须使用Li Hua作主语, 具体指出描述对象, 但在接下来的句子中, 可穿插使用she、Li Hua作为句子的主语。特别需要注意的是,学生必须细心审题, 李华是女孩, 该细节提示可在写作内容第一点“呼吁大家向她学习”找到。 (三) 写竞选学生会部长演说辞来自学校学生会板报上的消息，学生会干部(包括学生会主席、文娱部长、体育部长、学习部长、生活部长、纪律部长等)即将改选。假设你叫李明，有兴趣去竞选某一部长，请用英语写一份演讲稿。写作内容1.曾任班长二年； 2.选择竞选某一职位，并说明理由；3.如果当选，你将为本校同学做些什么。Ladies and gentlemen， Good afternoon. Thank you for coming to this election campaign today. I am Li Ming， from Class 3， Grade 2. With the trust and complete support of my class， I am delighted to announce that I am running for the Entertainment Secretary of the Student Union. As a diligent boy with great organizing ability， I have always been considered to be a good team member and have served as monitor for 2 years. I not only perform well but also do well in singing and dancing. I once won the first place in Guangzhou Singing and Dancing Contest and was given the title of Excellent Student Leader in Guangdong. If I am elected, I believe I will cooperate well with my fellow members of the Union and organize colourful activities to enrich our school life. Thank you very much!
展开阅读全文