高三英语短文改错复习指导.doc

高三英语短文改错复习指导 一、高考短文改错不难-可以提高！ 高考英语短文改错题，是命题者将中学生常犯的各种典型错误更集中、更系统地整理出来，放入一篇内容较为浅显、话题为中学生比较熟悉的文章中设计而成的。文章的句子结构难度与教材课文难度相当或略低于课文，看起来就像一篇中学生的习作。短文改错中所设置的错误定位在基础（即学英语的人应该掌握的最基础的，最常用的知识）而非一些质量低制作粗糙的练习中的“偏”、“难”、“怪”。因此短文改错只要复习训练落实到位可以在短时间内迅速提高到5-9分。 短文改错考查的是学生的写作能力中的校正意识与校正能力，即学生能否根据所掌握的基础语言知识（基本语法知识、习惯短语、固定搭配及常见介词连词用法）和语篇整体意识（短文篇章整体意思的连贯、一致）识别、改正语篇中的语法错误、词汇错误及篇章逻辑错误。 尽管高考短文改错定位于考查基础，但在每年高考中考生的得分率并不高。究其原因主要有下面几个： 1） 平时训练的少或使用的训练材料偏难（不对高考路子）因而总做不好从而对短文改错产生畏惧、厌烦情绪，陷入恶性循环：越做不好就越不想做；越不想做、不认真总结规律就越做不好越害怕、厌烦。 2） 没有对高考真题以及做过的题进行认真研究归纳，不知道高考短文改错考哪些考点和命题规律。 3） 对于高考短文改错必考或常考的基础语言知识缺乏有针对性的补救，因此导致知识的“死角”和能力的“石化”-即这次练习不会的下次还不会 二、研究高考短文改错的考点与命题规律-下点工夫！ 高考短文改错的短文共设置9个错误，分为多词、少词、错词。最近10年以来的一般规律是多词/少词错误为3个，错词错误为6个。下面对三类错误所涉及的考点进行详细的介绍，希望同学们对自己没过关的基础知识点进行认真补救落实。 （一）多词类错误 多词类错误所涉及的多余的词一般为虚词或功能词即：冠词、连词、介词、助动词be/have 不定式符号to,多代词it/them等。 A A.不用冠词的一般规律（记全、记熟） （1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。 China , America, Smith Air is matter. （2）可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。 This dictionary is mine. （3）季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。 March, May Day, National Day, Teachers Day,Childrens Day, Womens Day Have you had supper? Spring is the best season of the year. （4）称呼语或指家用雇用的nurse、cook等名词前及表示头衔职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时，一般不加冠词。 Whats this, Father? We made him our chairman. Ask nurse to put the child to bed. Professor Li. （5）学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 Do you study physics? He likes playing football/chess. （6）复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。 They are peasants/ workers. （7）在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land 但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus需注意。 A某些固定词组中不用冠词（这需要平时尽量多归纳、积累） 名词词组中： husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork 介词词组或短语动词中： to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to,at, from)university（college）,to（in, into, from）church, to(in,into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town,at (from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot go to school 上学 at home在家/on time 准时 / at last终于/in fact 事实上/on holiday在度假 on duty值日/at times有时候/after class课后/at night在夜间/by bus乘公交车/by sea乘船， with pleasure 乐意地/with anger 生气地/with kindness 亲切地/ go to bed/上床睡觉 in time 按时/at first起初/lose heart 灰心/at work 在工作/on show 在展出 in trouble 处于困境/on fire 着火/stay at home 呆在家里/with joy 高兴地 with difficulty 吃力地 put sth. into use把。投入使用 注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。 （9）as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词不带冠词。 Child as she is, she knows a lot of French. （10）系动词turn（作“变成”解）后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。 The young girl has turned writer. = The young girl has become a writer. （11）在单数名词 + after + 同一单数名词（表示“一个接一个”）结构中，单数可数名词前不加冠词。 She did experiment after experiment. 类似的还有：shop after shop, mistake after mistake （12）形容词的最高级前、序数词前也有不用定冠词的情况。 “most + 形容词原级”作“十分、非常、极”解时，前面不用定冠词。 Oh, its most beautiful. 当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词前通常不用定冠词。 She is the tallest and fattest girl in our school. 当形容词最高级作表语，不表示与其他人或物相比时，其前不用定冠词。 The market in the country is busiest in winter. 形容词最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时，不能用定冠词。 A wolf in a sheeps skin is our most dangerous enemy. 序数词前面一般加定冠词表示“第”之意，但在second、third等词前加不定冠词表示“又一，再一”之意。 why you took a second arrow 注意：下句中“a first”表示“第一名、冠军”。 He is a top student in our class, he often gets a first in maths. （13）no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后面的名词不用冠词。 No such thing has ever happened in this village. 要判断是否多连词必须理解熟记下列句子结构的基础知识 1）构成句子的必要条件:每个句子必须有主语（祈使句除外）和谓语动词 2）熟悉谓语动词的形式 ，能够识别句子中的谓语动词 3）能够区分并列连词和从属连词 连词主要可分成三类： A并列连词（Coordinating Conjunctions） 并列连词用来连接平行对等（即互不从属）的词、词组、或分句。按其表示的不同意思有下面几种： 1）表示转折意思 but , yet , while 2）表示因果关系 for , so , 3）表示并列关系 and , , not onlybut /also , bothand , 4）表选择关系的连词 or；either.or;neithernor B从属连词（Subordinating Conjunctions） 从属连词是用来引起从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说，从属连词主要引起名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）和状语从句，不会引起定语从句。 1)引起名词从句的连词： that , whether , if What/which who/whom/whose When,where,why,how 2)引起状语从句的连词 a)时间状语从句： when (whenever) , as , while, before , after, until/ till,notuntil/till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every(last,next,by the) time, the moment( instantly, directly) b)地点状语从句： where (wherever) c)原因状语从句： as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , not thatbut that d)目的状语从句： that , so that , in order that , for fear that , in case e)结果状语从句： that , so that , such that f)条件状语从句： if , unless ,so/as long as, on condition(that ) g)让步状语从句： though /although , even if (though) however+adj/adv=no matter how whoever=no matter who whatever=no matter what whichever=no matter which whomever=no matter whom whenever=no matter when. wherever=no matter where no matter whether h)比较状语从句： than , asas ;倍数词as+adj/adv+as i)方式状语从句： as , as if (though) C.引导定语从句的连接词 关系代词：which ;that ;as Who;whom;whose 关系副词：when;where;why 4.如果句子中只有一个谓语动词，则不需要连词；如果句子中有两个谓语动词则只需要一个连词。 试刀： 1If you think too much about the negative results,and then you will lose heart. 2.I dont understand that why you have so much faith in them. 3.Although I am a little behind you in studies,but I wont fear anything. 4.Because you always do things without plan,so you often dont realize you have forgotten what have remembered until that happens. 5.Most students feel it is hard to remember words.Because they dont get into the habits of going over them regularly. 6.I have a good friend.He who likes playing basketball very much. 7.I decide to take some medicine with myself in case that I may get sick. 8.The question is that whether we can get enough money in such a short time. 1.不及物动词后没有接宾语，但不及物动词后加了介词。要识别这类错误必须能区分及物动词和不及物动词，并熟记常见的不及物动词以及与其搭配的介词。 2.双宾语动词：1）双宾语动词+间接宾语（指人）+直接宾语（指物） 2）双宾语动词+直接宾语（指物）+介词+间接宾语（指人） send sb. sth=send sth. to sb. buy sb. sth.=buy sth.for sb. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. introduce sb. sth.=introduce sth. to sb. provide sb. sth.=provide sth. for sb. 3副词前误加介词（副词前的介词一般应省略） 4.this,that,last,next修饰的时间名词前不需要介词。 Im sure they will be back in next week. We were worried about you had an accident. The boys who are talking about are going to join in a speech contest. Her strength made me stronger and gave to me courage to face difficulty. 误用被动语态而多BE：1)不及物动词、表示感觉的联系动词（taste,smell,feel,sound,look+adj）不能用于被动语态. The accident was happened last week and caused many deaths. Great changes have been taken placed in my hometown . His father was died of a heart disease. She decided to see the doctor she had been known for many years. The man had been died before he was sent to hospital. 2)有些动词既可作及物动词（表动作），也可作不及物动词（表状态）；因此当它们表状态时就不能用于被动语态。The city has been changed greatly in the past 15 years. A map of the world is hung on the wall of our classroom. 这种错误主要因为对现在完成时与一般过去时的区别、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别没有理解导致，在该用一般过去时的情况下误用现在完成时或过去完成时而多has(have)或had。 The native Americans have arrived in the new land around 30,000 years ago. I went to the bookstore and had bought some books on basketball. She already traveled to a few European countries. I had had the first good sleep in two months last night. 这种错误主要出现在定语从句中：当定语从句的引导词为关系代词并且在定语从句中作宾语，则动词后的代词it/them必须去掉避免重复。 He likes the gift you sent it to him on his birthday. She decided to go to the doctor she had known her for many years. This is the shop I visited it last week and bought the gift for you. Are you talking about the the same boys as I mentioned them this morning? What do you think of the book I bought it for you. Im sure that you will find one you like it. 1熟记只能接原形作宾语补足语的动词：see,notice,watch,observe;feel;hear,listen; make sb. do:have sb. do (但是get sb. to do) 2.注意并列连词结构对等原则：并列连词后若接句子，则前面也必须为句子 To do as I say,not as I do. I usually do what most people to do. To work hard and you will become better. (二)少词类错误 少词的错误与多词的错误异曲同工，一般也是少冠词、连词、介词、以及BE，HAVE,以及代词it/them. 1掌握不定冠词的基本用法才能判断是否少不定冠词A/AN 不定冠词的用法 切记：可数名词的单数形式不可光秃秃地用，即使前面有形容词修饰。 1） 表示“一，一个”，用在单数可数名词前 例：There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅图画。 He has an apple in his hand. 他手里拿着一个苹果。 提示: A. a (an) 虽表示“一个”，但不强调数量，而是强调类别；one则强调数量。 例：I bought a computer. 我买了一台电脑。（不是收音机和电视机） I bought one computer. 我买了一台电脑。 （不是两台） Would you like an ice cream? 来一客冰淇淋好吗？（不是别的食物） She gave one ice cream to them each. 她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。（不是两客） B. 表示数量对比时，要用one, 不用a(an)。 比：我有一支红铅笔，但是他有三支。 I have a red pencil, but she has three. （误） I have one red pencil, but she has three. （正） 我只需要一美元，但他给了我两美元。 I only want a dollar, but he has given me two. （误） I only want one dollar, but he has given me two. （正） 2 ）表示一类人或物，指同类中的任何一个，a或an不必翻译 例 Even a child can answer this question. 就是小孩子也能回答这个问题。 An elephant is stronger than a horse. 大象比马力气大。 A teacher must be strict with his students. 教师必须对学生严格要求。 3 ）第一次提到某人或某物 第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词a或an，起介绍作用。 例: A girl wants to see you. 一位姑娘要见你。 On a cold evening a stranger came to my house. 在一个寒冷的晚上，一个陌生人来到我的住处。 4 ）表示身份、职业 不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业，尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。 例：She is a high school teacher. Her name is Li Fang. 她是一位中学教师，名叫李芳。 The Whites wanted their daughter to be a musician. 怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。 提示: 表示某个职位在某一时期内只有一人担任，或表示某人的头衔，则不用冠词。 例：He is captain of the team. 他是球队队长。 Zhang Fei, monitor of their class, is good at English. 张飞是他们的班长，英语很棒。 5 ）用于专有名词前，表示不认识某人 例：A Zhang called you just now. 一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。 A Mr. Smith wanted to see you. 有位史密斯先生想要见你。 6） 不定冠词用在表示数量、长度、时间等的计数单位的名词前，表示“每一” 例：We have three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。 They met each other once a month. 他们每月会面一次。 The car moved 100 miles an hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶。 The envelopes are one yuan a dozen. 信封一打是一元钱。 Amily goes to see her grandmother twice a week. 爱米莉每周去看奶奶两次。 7 ） 用于某些结构中 不定冠词用在下列结构中： such a +单数可数名词 quite a +单数可数名词 rather a+单数可数名词 例：It is such a fine day. 多么晴朗的一天。=It is so fine a day 温馨提示： 英语教师网每月上传之星 | 快速获取英语教师网点数和英语教师网论坛金币 He is quite an honest man. 他是个非常诚实的人。 He is rather a gentleman. 他真是一位绅士。 提示： 名词前若有形容词修饰，不定冠词a (an)可以放在quite, rather前面或后面。 例： It is rather a difficult problem. 这是相当难的一个问题。 It is a rather difficult problem. 8） 用于某惯用短语中 例：have a cold 患感冒 have a rest 休息一下 have a swim 游泳 have a fever 发烧 have a quarrel 吵架 have a toothache 牙痛 have a dance 跳舞 have a talk 谈话 go for a walk 散步 take a bath 洗澡 tell a lie 撒谎 wait a moment 等一会儿 with a light heart 愉快地 with a smile 微笑着 with an effort 努力地 as a result 因此 for a while 一会儿 once in a while 偶尔 for a moment 一会儿 have a word with sb. 同某人谈话 have a try 试一下 have a good time 玩得高兴 have a look 看一看 have a good/nice/wonderful/plsant journey旅途愉快 have a headache 头痛 have a good sleep 好好睡一觉 have(/take) a walk 散 make a face 做鬼脸 in a hurry 匆忙地 do sb. a favour 帮某人忙 take an active part in 积极参加 live a happy life 过幸福生活 give a lesson 教一堂课 have a good command of 精通/掌握 have an effect on/upon对。有影响 at a time 每次 as a whole 作为整体 all of a sudden 突然 once upon a time 从前 in a word 总之 9 ）不定冠词与so, as, too, how等连用时的位置 如果修饰名词的形容词前有so, as, too, how等副词，不定冠词一般放在形容词和名词之前。 结构： so/as/too/how +形容词+ a(an) +名词 例：He is as clever a boy as Tom. 他是像汤姆一样聪明的孩子。 It is so high a wall that we cant climb it. 这堵墙非常高，我们爬不上去。 How beautiful a bird it is! 这是一只多漂亮的鸟啊！ =What a beautiful bird it is! It is too wide a rive for me to swim across. 这条河太宽，我游不过去。 It too difficult a book for beginners. 这本书对初学者来说太难了。 Ive never seen so tall a tree. 我从没见过这么市制树。 =Ive never seen such a tall tree. 提示: half 常放在不定冠词前，但在美国英语中，half也可放在不定冠词后。 例： half an apple 半个苹果=a half apple half a day 半天=a half day 10）.不可数名词（抽象名词和物质名词）具体化时可在其前面加A/AN， 抽象名词 具体化 Rain 雨 一场/一阵雨 Fire 火 一场火灾 Help 帮助 一个帮手 Success 成功 一个成功的人/一件成功的事 Surprise 吃惊/惊讶 一件令人吃惊的事 Pleasure 愉快 一件令人愉快的事 Pity 遗憾 一件令人遗憾的事 2熟记必须使用定冠词的情况以判断少定冠词的错误。 定冠词the 的用法： 1） 用在表示方向、方位的名词前 这类词有： the east东方，the west西方，the south南方， the north北方，the right右边，the left左边 例：The birds are flying to the north. 这些鸟向北方飞去。 The moon rises in the east and sets in the west. 月亮从东方升起，在西方落 The wind was blowing from the south. 风从南方吹来。 She lived to the west of the Summer Palace. 她住在颐和园的西边。 Walk along the road and take the first turning on the right. 沿着这条路往前走，在第一个路口往右拐。 He stood at the back of the door. 他站在门背后。 提示： 方位词成对使用构成平行结构时，不用定冠词。 例：The river is two thousand kilometers long from west to east. 这条河自西向2000公里长。 They traveled through the country from south to north. 他们自南向北在这个国家旅行。 2） 用在形容词最高级前 例：Summer is the hottest season of the year. 夏天是一年中最炎热的季节。 She is the best person for the job. 她是最适合这个工作的人。 注意：当形容词的比较级名词化后（意思为“。中比较/更。的人或事物）时前面必须加冠词。 The younger of the two sisters is given more love. The smaller of the rooms is used as a study. 3.) 用在序数词等前 定冠词用在序数词前，也用在表示序列的next, last等前，还有在表示“同一”或“唯一”等的词前。 例：The first man to land on the moon is an American. 第一个登上月球的人是美国人。 She was the fifth to climb to the top of the mountain. 她是第五个到达山顶的人。 This may be the last chance. 这可能是最后一次机会。 If I miss this train Ill catch the next one. 如果赶不上这趟火车，我就赶下一趟。 He is the only person who knows the secret. 他是唯一一个知道这个秘密的人。 The two coats are of the same colour. 这两件外衣颜色相同。 This is the very book I want. 这正是我要的书。（用very表示强调） 提示: a) 序数词表示“又一”时，前面用不定冠词a(an) =another+n./one more +n. 例：He bought a second pair of shoes. 他又买了一双鞋。 He asked a question, then a second, then a third他问了一个问题，又 温馨提示： 英语教师网每月上传之星 | 快速获取英语教师网点数和英语教师网论坛金币 问了第二个，第三个 b) 序数词用作状语或表语时，前面不加定冠词。 例：George arrived first. 乔治第一个到。 =George was the first person to arrive. Jim and Jack are both second in the match. 汤姆和杰克在比赛中并列第二。 4) 用在单数名词前表示一类人或物，强调整个类别 例： The orange is a kind of fruit. 橘子是一种水果。 The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。 The computer is important to us. 电脑对我们来说是重要的。 Bell invented the telephone in 1786. The invention of the wheel was one of the greatest. 提示: 不定冠词+单数名词，不带冠词的复数名词也可表示一类人或物(意思侧重于其中任意一个都)。 例：A car runs faster than a bus. 小汽车比公交车跑得快。 Cars run faster than buses. A dog is a faithful animal. 狗是忠实的动物。 Dogs are faithful animals. 5) 用在乐器名词前，表示演奏 例：She can play the piano. 她会弹钢琴。 He plays the violin very well. 他小提琴拉得很好。 He played the guitar for the children. 他给孩子们弹了吉他。 提示: 但乐器名词表示具体的器物，或表示课程时，不加the. 例：He bought a piano last month. 他上个月买了一架钢琴。 She taught piano in the school. 她在学校里教钢琴。 6) 用在江河、海洋、湖泊、群岛、山脉的名称前 例：the Yangtze River 长江 the Red Sea 红海 the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific 太平洋 the Himalayas 喜马拉雅山 the Nile 尼罗河 the Rocky Mountains 落基山脉 the South China Sea 南中国海 例外的情况: Mount Tai 泰山 China Daily 中国日报 7) 用在由普通名词和另外一些词构成的专有名词前 例：the Great Wall 长城 the United Nations 联合国 the New York Times纽约时报 the United States of America 美国 the Red Cross Hospital 红十字医院 the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 the Shanghai Railway Station 上海火车站 the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the North Pole 北极 the Peoples Daily 人民日报 8) 用在某些形容词前，表示一类人或物或某种抽象概念 例： the old 老年人 the happy 幸福的人 the poor 穷人 the aged 老人 the sick 病人 the impossible 不可能的事 the young 年轻人 the rich 富人 the blind 盲人 the wounded 伤员 the disabled the mentally disabled/physically disabled The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。 The good is what people like. 人们总是喜欢美好的东西。 The wounded have been sent to the hospital. 伤员已经被送到医院去了。 9) 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人 例：The Greens will more to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。 The Wangs came to see us yesterday. 王家一家人昨天来看我们。 The Browns are very friendly. 布朗夫妇都很友好。 10) 用在表示计算单位的名词前，含有“按 ”的意思 例：Jim is paid by the hour. 吉姆的工资按小时付。 Eggs are sold by the kilogram. 鸡蛋按千克出售。 This cloth is sold by the yard. 这种布按码出售。 It sells at three dollars the pound. 它以每磅三美元出售。 They sell sugar by the pound. 他们按磅卖糖。 11）用在前面已提到过的人的身体部位或衣着的名词前 这种用法是先把整个对象说出来，然后再说到那个对象的身体的局部或衣着。 结构： 动词(hit, pull, pat, strike, catch, hold, take) +sb. +介词(in, on, by, across)+身体部位或衣着 例：She touched him on the shoulder. 她碰了碰他的肩。 He took the girl by the hand. 他拉着小女孩的手。 He hit her on the nose. 他打了她的鼻子。 The stone struck the man in the eye. 石头击中了那人的眼睛。 I caught her by the right hand. 我抓住她的右手。 比：她拍了拍那男孩的头。 She patted the boy on his head.（误，本结构中身体部位或衣着前不用ones） She patted the boy on the head. （正） 12） 用在逢十的复数数词前，表示年代，也指人的大约岁数 例：The war broke out in the forties. 那场战争发生在40年代。 He went abroad in the 1980s. 他在20世纪80年代出国的。 The old man is in the seventies. 老人大约七十几岁。 13） 用在表示自然现象的名词前 这类名词有： the rain 雨，the wind风, the fog雾，the snow雪, the air空气, the storm风暴，the snowstorm 暴风雪 例：Dont stand in the rain. 不要站在雨中。 The wind blew down the trees. 风把树刮倒了。 The ship sank in the storm. 船在风暴中沉没了。 The rain has cleaned the air. 下雨净洁了空气。 The fog was so thick that we couldnt see the top of the hill. 雾很大，我们看不见山顶。 提示： A这类名词前有形容词修饰时，可用不定冠词，表示“一场，一阵，一种” 例：A cold wind is blowing from the north. 冷风从北方吹来。 There was a heavy rain last night. 昨晚下了一场大雨。 A heavy snow is falling outside. 外面正下着大雪。 B这类名词表示一般物质时，不用冠词。 例：Rain falls in summer; snow falls in winter. 夏天下雨，冬天下雪。 Man cant live without air. 没有空气人不能活。 14） 用在某些习惯用语中 例：in the morning 在上午 in the evening 在晚上 in the field 在田野 in the country 在乡间 in the sun 在阳光下 in the distance 在远 on the right 在右边 by the way 顺便说一下in the front of 在前部 in the daytime 白天 go to the concert 去听音乐会 at (/in) the beginning 开始 at the moment 当时，此刻 all the year round 一年到头 go to the cinema 去看电影 go to the theatre 去看戏 at the weekend 周末 in the afternoon 在下午 in the night 在夜里 in the sky 在空中 in the dark 在暗处 in the rain 在雨中 in the shade 在阴凉处 in the sun 在太阳底下 on the left 在左边 all the time 始终 all through the year一年四季 in the middle of 在中间 on the way home 回家途中 all the same 依然 on the whole 总之 at the same time 同时 on the plane 在飞机上 in the year 2008 在2008年 the other day 前几天 at the bottom of 在底部 in the end 终于 on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面 提示: 下面几个短语前不加定冠词： 例：at dawn 在黎明 at night 在晚上 at noon在正午 at dusk 在黄昏 原则：1。两个句子中间有逗号，则逗号后必须有并列连词；或者逗号前面的分句前必须有从属连词。（适用状语从句或并列句） 2。一个句子中只能有一个谓语动词形式；如果出现两个谓语动词形式，则要么在第二个谓语动词形式前加关系代词构成定语从句；要么将第二个谓语动词形式改为非谓语动词形式（分词） 3名词性从句的连接词除that在句子中没有意思外，其他的起连接作用的词都有意思 1）that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句都不能省略。 2）其他情况下判断是否少连词要看句子意思是否完整，缺什么意思即添加相应意思的连词。 1)I attended the meeting was held last week. 2)He won the first prize in the English contest(竞赛),this made his friends very happy. 3)The woman has two daughters,both of them are teachers. 4)He was ill in bed for two weeks,he didnt go to class. 5)The house is being built will be used as a garage. 6)Beijing is the capital of China,it lies in the north of China. 7)I worked there for five years,gained a lot of practical experience. 8)He is not very clever,he is very hardworking. 9)She married a man had a lot of money. 10)Who told you the news