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七年级(下)Units 14,遵义中考基础知识梳理类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.sing(名词)_2write(名词)_3center(形容词)_4tooth(复数)_5usually(形容词)_(形容词的反义词)_6early(反义词)_(比较级)_(最高级)_7half(复数)_8clean(反义词)_9drive(名词)司机_10live(名词)生命_(名词复数)_11true(名词)_(副词)_12.important(名词)_13noisy(反义词)_(名词)_14luck(形容词)_(副词)_(形容词的反义词)_15feel(名词)_16learn(名词)_17quickly(反义词)_(形容词)_(形容词的反义词)_18old(反义词)新的_(反义词)年轻的_19rule(名词)尺，统治者_20speak(名词)发言者，讲(某种语言)的人_(名词)讲话，发言_短语归纳1.下国际象棋_2擅长于_3跟说_4弹钢琴_5善于应付的，对有办法_6结交朋友_7在周末_8起床，站起_9穿上衣服_10洗淋浴_11.做作业_12散步，走一走_13乘地铁_14骑自行车_15在和之间_16实现，成为现实_17外出(娱乐)_18铺床_19(对某人)要求严格_20遵守规则_句型再现1.那么我们需要你帮助说英语的学生开展体育活动。Then we need you _ sports for Englishspeaking students.2“你通常几点钟起床？”“我通常在6点半起床。”_ you usually get up?I usually get up _.3晚上我或者看电视或者玩电脑游戏。In the evening，I _ watch TV _ play computer games.4在10点半，我刷牙，然后上床睡觉。_，I _ and then I _.5“你到学校要用多长时间？”“骑自行车大约15分钟。”How long _？About 15 minutes by bike.6对许多学生来说，到校很容易。_，_ get to school.7上课别迟到。_ class.8晚饭后我也不能放松。After dinner，I _.语法结构1.情态动词的用法。2祈使句的用法。话题1.Joining a club(加入社团、俱乐部)2Daily routines(日常活动)3.Transportation(交通工具)4Rules(规章制度),遵义五年中考真题演练常见标志()1.(2015遵义21题)Which sign means“Dont eat in class.”？,A,B,C情态动词()2.(2015遵义30题)A：Mum，may I go out to play football for an hour?B：No，you _The air outside is not very clean.AcantBneedntCcouldnt()3.(2012遵义30题)I cant stop playing computer games.For your eyes，my boy，Im afraid you _Acan Bmay Chave to()4.(2011遵义中考)Must I finish my homework today，Ms.Liu?No，_Ayou mustntByou dont have toCyou cant词汇()5.(2014遵义31题)_ is it from Zunyi to Guiyang？Hope we can arrive in 2 hours.About 150 kilometers.AHow soonBHow longCHow far()6.(2013遵义23题)One_fourth of the children are singing in the music classroom.AA lot BA half CA quarter()7.(2011遵义中考)I like teachers who are amusing and can laugh with their students.Afunny BseriousCstrict单词拼写8(2012遵义76题)_(close)your eyes and do eye exercises，kids.(祈使句),遵义中考重难点突破辨析join，join in，take part in与attend【考点抢测】joinjoin intake part inattend1When did your brother _ the army?2Hell _ an important meeting tomorrow.3Come along，and _ the ball game.4Well _social practice during the summer vacation.【满分点拨】用法归纳join，join in，take part in和attend辨析词语辨析例句join意为“加入某一组织，成为其中的一员”。其后还可以接表示人的名词或代词，表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去。His father joined the Party in 1956.他的爸爸1956年加入共产党。join in常用于join in sth. /doing sth.中，意为“参加”，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或动名词，此时用法与take part in可以互换。They all join in singing the song.他们一起唱这首歌。Can I join in the game？我可以参加这个游戏吗？takepart in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动等，往往参加者持有积极的态度，起一些作用。Will you take part in the English Evening？你将参加英语之夜吗？attend 指“出席(会议)；到场；上(课)”等Who attended the meeting？谁出席了会议？be good at的用法(含do well in)【考点抢测】5Girls are _(good) at English.6Li Ming got a “C”in the geography test.He is p_ in geography.7He _(do) well in the sports meeting.We were proud of him.8Our class did _(bad)in the running race.The teacher was angry with us.9Tom and I do _(good)in listening and speaking in English.【满分点拨】be good at意思为“在(某方面)出色；擅长”，同义词组为do well in。主语通常为有生命的人或动物，后可接名词、代词、动名词形式。如：He is good at playing chess.他擅长下象棋。be good at的反义词组为：be poor(weak)at(in)，do well in 的反义词组为：do badly in。如：Wu Dong does badly in his lessons.Wu Dong is weak/poor at/in his lessons.吴冬功课不好。(指情况)be good at强调一种笼统情况，而do well in可表示一种情况，也可指在具体的一次活动中表现出色。如：Tom did well in that history test/sports meeting.汤姆在那次历史考试中(运动会中)考得很好(表现出色)。(不宜用be good at指具体一次)拓展：good的相关短语be good for 对有好处be good with 善于应付的，对有办法do good/do sb. good 有好处，对(某人)有好处be good to 对友好be no good 没多大用处for good 永远；永久to the good 净赚，盈余辨析speak，tell，talk与say【考点抢测】speak tell talk say10Do you usually _ to your friends on the phone?11Grandma often _ me many stories before going to bed.12Lily，could you _ this word in English?Yes，I can _English.【满分点拨】用法归纳tell，speak，talk和say辨析词语辨析例句tell及物动词，意为“告诉”。常见搭配：tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事。此外，tell还有“讲述”的意思。常见搭配：tell a story讲故事；tell a lie撒谎；tell the truth说实话。Our Chinese teacher often tells some interesting stories in class.我们的语文老师经常在课堂上给我们讲一些有趣的故事。speak用作及物动词时，表示“说(某种语言)”。常见搭配：speak English/French 说英语/法语，用作不及物动词时，表示“发言”。常见搭配：speak at a meeting在会上发言；另外，还可以表示“(电话中)通话”。Our English teacher is speaking at the meeting.我们的英语老师正在会上发言。talk用作及物动词时，意为“说话(闲谈)”。常见搭配：talk about sth.谈论某事；talk to/with sb.和某人交谈。用作名词时，意为“报告”。常见搭配：give sb. a talk给某人做报告They are talking about the weather.他们正在谈论天气。say强调“说”的内容，后可跟宾语从句。Does your mother often say anything good about you？你的妈妈经常夸你吗？辨析dress，wear，put on与be in【考点抢测】dress wear put on be in13The young man always _ a Tshirt.14Its too cold outside._your coat.15My English teacher _ red today.16The actress is _ in the latest fashion.()17.(2015遵义航天中学模拟)Look！My little brother is _ himself now.AwearingBdressingCputting on【满分点拨】单词含义及用法例句dress意为“给穿衣”，后面通常接人。She always dresses well.她总是打扮得很漂亮。wear意为“穿着；戴着”，用于穿衣/鞋、戴帽子/手套、佩戴首饰等。Lucy wears a blue sweater today.露西今天穿一件蓝色的毛衫。put on意为“戴上，穿上”，宾语通常是衣服、鞋帽。She put on her coat and went out.她穿上大衣出去了。be in意为“穿着”，多接颜色。He was in a new black coat.他穿着一件新的黑色外套。either的用法【考点抢测】neitheranyeithernone18I invited Tom and Ann to dinner，but _ of them came.19Would you like beer or cocacola?I dont mind._is OK.20He lent me a lot of books，but _ of them is easy for me to read.21All of these are interesting books and you can borrow _ of them.()22._ of them was in good health，but they both worked very hard.AEither BNeitherCNone【满分点拨】either用作代词，“(两者之中)任一、任何一个”。如：Either(of the books)is popular with the students.(两本书)随便哪一本都受到同学们的欢迎。(主语)either用作副词，在否定句作“也”解释，通常置于句末。如：Lily doesnt like fruit.I dont like fruit，either.丽丽不喜欢水果，我也不喜欢。eitheror，意为“或或、不是就是、要么要么”，在句中连接两个并列成分。如：Either you or Tom has done it.(连接并列主语)不是你就是汤姆做了这件事。注意：在连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须在人称和数上与靠近的主语保持一致。either的反义词为neither“(两者)都不”，eitheror的反义词组为neithernor“既不也不”。拓展：辨析either，also，too，as well与yet这五个词均含“也”之意，但具体用法不同：词汇用法either用于否定句放在句末，之前可加逗号。also用于肯定句较正式，放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。too用于肯定句较口语，位于句末，可用逗号隔开。yet用于否定句和疑问句常放在句末。as well用于肯定句常放在句末。常见交通工具的表达(take，by，in与on)【考点抢测】23I wish I could fly to the moon _(乘宇宙飞船)one day.24I used to go to school _ (乘公共汽车)，but today I go to school _(步行)25The teacher told us that we would _(乘地铁) to visit the museum next Sunday.【满分点拨】take冠词交通工具。如：take a taxi，take a car，take a bus，take a train，take a ship等。如果要表示步行只需要使用walk就可以了。by指某种手段或通过某种方式，常和交通工具的单数形式直接连用。如：by bus，by boat，by plane等。此时，既不能在名词前加限定词，也不能把名词改为复数形式。如：My brother goes to school by bike.我哥哥骑自行车去上学。当交通工具前有限定词(冠词和物主代词等)时，介词可用“on”，也可用“in”，in接小型的交通工具，例如：in a car，in his car等。on接大型交通工具，骑自行车除处。如：on a bus，on his bike等。注意：on 还有一种特殊情况，表示“步行”除了可以用动词walk之外还可以用介词短语on foot。介词by，in和on都可以与有关交通工具名词搭配，表示交通方式。如：He usually goes to work by train.他通常乘火车去上班。辨析between和among【考点抢测】26He is standing _(在之间)Tom and John.27There are many differences _ (在之间)the students.()28.(2015遵义县五中模拟)His grade in the exam put him _ the top students in his class.Abetween BoverCamong【满分点拨】,between the girl and the boy,among the childrenbetween用于“两者之间”，只要可以构成双方关系，都可以用between。如：I will come between twelve and one oclock.我将在十二点至一点之间过来。among在之间，强调是在三个或三个以上的人或事物之中。如：There was someone shouting at me among the students.学生中间有人在喊我。注意：指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每两者之间时，仍用between，不能用among。如：The village lies between three hills.村子坐落在三座小山之间。辨析arrive，reach与get to【考点抢测】arrivegetreach29When did Jim _the bus station?30I usually _ home at about 5 oclock in the afternoon.31If you _ too late，the host will be unhappy.32When did you _ at the village?33Dont forget to write to me as soon as you _Australia.()34.(2015遵义二中模拟)My mother and I love Shanghai very much.We _ Shanghai for holidays last Sunday.AreachBreached toCgot to【满分点拨】单词词性用法例句arrive不及物动词后面常跟介词in和at。(in大地方)(at小地方)如果后接表示地点的副词时，则不用介词。He arrived in Nanning yesterday.他昨天到达了南宁。He arrived at the hotel today.他今天抵达宾馆。get不及物动词后面常跟to，再接地点。(get to地方)如果后接表地点的副词(here，there，home)，则省略介词to。We got to the top of the mountain at noon.我们在中午到达了山顶。reach及物动词后面直接跟宾语。(reach地方)When did you reach New York？你什么时候到达纽约？辨析too many，too much与much too【考点抢测】too manytoo muchmuch too35You shouldnt eat _ meat because its bad for your health.36Today，_ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.37The sweater is very beautiful，but its _ dear.【满分点拨】短语意义用法too manytoo much太多的其后可接可数名词复数形式后接不可数名词，还可用作副词，修饰动词much too太much用来增强语气，后面常接形容词或副词一、单项选择()1.My friend _ the speech contest last term and won the first prize.Atook part inBjoinedCjoined in ()2.(2015遵义十六中模拟)_ you good at math or physics?I am _ at physics than math，because I think physics is interesting.ADo；good BAre；wellCAre；better()3.Jim，can you _ this word in English?Yes，I can _ a little English.Aspeak；say Bsay；speakCtell；speak()4.He always likes _ that silly earrings on school days.Awearing Bputting onCdressing()5.How do you go to school on weekdays?I usually _ the bus to school，but I went to school _ foot this morning.Aby；onBtake；onCtake；by()6.What do you often do _ classes to relax yourselves?We often do eye exercises，listen to music or do some running around the school.Ain Bamong Cbetween()7.(2015福州中考)It will _ only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by highspeed railway.Wow，how exciting！I cant wait.Atake Bspend Ccost()8.My parents will be angry with me if I _home late at night.Areached Bgot to Carrive二、单词拼写1(2015宜昌中考改编)He got _(dress) quickly after taking a shower.2Dont _(across) the busy street now.,高频话题写作指导规章制度写作导图从全国近五年规章制度相关话题书面表达的命题来看，通常从三个角度设题；1学校规则：包括校规校纪的认识及建议。2交通规则：对乱穿马路现象谈谈你的看法。3生活中普遍的行为规范：谈谈你对遵守秩序的看法。结合遵义考情，可以预测第一种考查角度几率更大。RuleSchool rulescant/mustnt/arentmust/should/have toTraffic rulesCant/mustntmust/should/have toRules in ourdaily lifecant/mustntmust/should/have to亮点句型速成常用句型：We should help protect the environment.推荐句型：Its important and necessary for us to help protect the environment.常用句型：Dont crowd with each other.推荐句型：Dont crowd with each other especially when we go upstairs or downstairs.(一)开头句1Summer is coming，and we must remember its dangerous to swim in the river.2We should take care not to get ourselves injured while we are having sports.(二)中间句3We should be careful when we make friends.4We should be friendly and get on well with others，dont quarrel or even fight.5We must obey traffic rules and mustnt cross the streets when the traffic lights are red.6We should be careful to eat healthy food and keep away from junk food.(三)结尾句7If we are in danger，we must call the police for help in time.写作模板We are asked to怎么做It is dangerous to干某事，for it may cause什么后果We should 做什么Besides，we are not allowed to做某事If we really want to，we must怎么做Whats more，还应该怎么做I think 总体说对规章制度的认识典例剖析假定你是王伟，你的英国笔友David来信问及你们学校在暑假期间对学生的要求。请你根据以下要点给他回一封电子邮件。家庭安全：小心用火用电(electricity)，外出时关好门窗；游泳安全：不独自去游泳，不去河、湖游泳；交通安全：过马路要当心，不在马路上玩耍。要求：词数80100词；【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1开头先问候与引出话题(已经给出)。介绍具体的安全条例内容：家庭安全、游泳安全、交通安全(重点阐述，可以适当发挥)。总结全文，强调安全的重要性。2本文描述学校给“我们”制定的安全条例，因此写作时用第一人称。3安全条例的内容通常是应该做什么，不该做什么。注意选择恰当的情态动词，如should，mustnt，have to等，用情态动词表达将来或者建议、禁止、允许等；另外，表明这样做的理由时，用一般现在时。4词数6080词，不得出现真实人名、校名。【范文点评】Dear David，Glad to get your email.Our school has many safety rules for us.Let me tell you something about them.We must be careful with electricity when we are using it.It_is_dangerous_to_play_with_fire，for_it_may_cause_terrible_accidents.We should make_sure doors and windows are closed，before we leave.And we are not allowed to swim Itsadj.to do sth.固定句型的使用，做某事是怎样的；cause accidents导致事故，从反面说明了玩火的危害。make sure (that)确保，引出家庭安全的第二项；关好门窗。 alone，especially in deep rivers or lakes.If we really want to，we must go to the swimming pool with our parents or teachers.Whats_more，following_traffic_rules_is_also_very_important.Everyone should watch out when crossing the road.And our school warns_us_not_to_play_on_the_road.I think these rules are necessary as safety comes first.Have a good summer holiday!Yours，Wang Weibesides另外，自然引出游泳安全；使用被动语态be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事，表明单独出去游泳是不允许的，我们应该与父母一起去游泳池，go to with。whats more，更重要的是，逐步深入，既引出了交通安全，又表明了它的重要性。用短语following traffic rules和watch out表明要遵守交通规则且过马路要“当心”。warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事，寄托了学校老师对我们无微不至的关心。,热点素材拓展世界睡眠日(2015遵义十二中模拟)March 21 is World Sleep Day.How is your sleep these days?The Chinese Medical Doctor Association(中国医药协会)asked 8，200 people in China about their sleep.More than 36.3% of them said they dont often sleep _1_The study also finds that many students have only 5 hours of sleep a day.According to the US National Sleep Foundation，teenagers need 8.5 to 9 _2_ of sleep every night.What _3_ their less sleeping time？Homework.Also，school starts early in the morning.But bad sleeping habits also have a(n) _4_ on it.Do you like to have a look at your mobile phone before going to bed？The survey(调查) finds that 60% of people check their phones before they _5_They _6_ news，check their WeChat(微信)and micro blog messages，or chat with QQ friends.Its _7_ for us to get enough sleep.If we dont have enough sleep，we feel tired and think slowly.Besides，sleepy kids are often unhappy，says a study by the US National Sleep Foundation.We cant change our school time._8_ there are still ways to get better sleep._9_coffee and tea at night.They make it hard to fall asleep.Watch _10_ TV.Leave your mobile phone and tablet computer on your desk.()1.A.bad Bgood Cwell()2.A.hours Bminutes Cseconds()3.A.cause Bcauses Ccausing()4.A.influence Bconfidence Cadvantage()5.A.sleep Bwash Claugh()6.A.see Bread Cnotice()7.A.impossible Bpossible Cimportant()8.A.And BSo CBut()9.A.Stay away fromBStay in touch withCGet along with()10.A.fewer Bmore Cless
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