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复习上节课的内容复习unit3 单词、短语、重点句子和语法一、单词：核心词汇名词可数名词field a field two fields quiz a quiz three quizzesa ground four groundsland a land two landsproblem a problem four problemsFact a fact several facts 不可数名词the Earth（地球） the Moon(月亮) the Sun(太阳)pollution（n.） pollute（v.）=make sth dirtyenergy (n.) clean energy（清洁能源） heat energy（热能）二、 短语/固定搭配：1、短语： provide with putintofind out throw away be covered by on earth in the sky a lot of make energy of course for example one quarter three quarters at home take a look come from find out different types of in the end get cooler 2、固定搭配：call sth. sth.provide sb. with sth.stop doing sth.it be +形容词 + for sb. +to do sth.let sb. do sth.help sb. do sth.ask sb. (to) do sth.keep sb. + 形容词三、 经典句型：There are also many people like you and me on earth.It is important for us to protect the earth for our future.What is the weather like in different places on earth?四、重点短语1. protect the Earth保护地球 protect sb/sth from doing我们必须保护那片森林免受火灾。 翻译：2. provide sb with sth. = provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物=give sb sth=give sth to sb【拓展】supply sb with sth. = supply sth. to sb.为某人提供某物 offer sb sth. = offer sth. to sb提供某人某物太阳给我们提供光和热。翻译：3. make energy制造能源 4. put into 把倒入他们把废水倒入河中。 翻译：和put 相关的短语：put on put off put out5. stop doing sth停止做某事 stop sb from doing sth阻止某事发生 stop to do sth.停下来去做（另一件）事王先生进来时，我们停止了谈话。 翻译：当我们在街道上碰见时，我们停下来说话。 翻译：6. throw away扔掉 不要乱扔废纸。 翻译： 7. a report on/about 关于的一个报告8. keep sb/sth. safe保证某人/某物的安全keep sb. /sth+ 形容词 保持某人/某物 外套能使你暖和。 翻译： 我们尽最大的努力使我们的学校保持干净、整洁。 翻译：9. take a look at sw.看一看某地10. on Earth在地球上 我们生活在地球上。 翻译 ： on earth 还有“到底，究竟”的意思，置于what, when等疑问词后，以加强问句的语气这到底是什么东西？ 翻译：on earth 还可以作“世上”解，用于最高级以后，以加强语气我是世界上最幸福的人。 翻译：相关短语： on the land在陆地上 in the sky在天上 under the water在水下11. go with sth.与相配;适合于12. lift sth up举起某物13. keep sth alive使某物继续存在/使某物继续下去14. come from sw.= be from sw.来自（于）15. ask sb (not) to do sth.要求某人（不）做某事 ask sb for sth向某人要某物16. make sth. clean/dirty使某物干净/弄脏 make sb do sth.使某人做某事17. at the beginning of 在之初 【拓展】at the end of在结尾；在末端18. some some一些一些这里有许多花园，一些是大的，一些是小的。翻译：19. burn sth=set sth on fire 燃烧某物她把书全烧了。 翻译：20. fewer and fewer 越来越少 形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级 越来越. 我们的国家变得越来越强大。 翻译：常考句型1. There are forests and rivers, mountains and fields.(地球上)有森林和河流，山脉和田野。【辨析】there be表示“某时/某地有某人/某物”，强调存在关系；have 表示“拥有”，强调所属关系。2. All plants need light and water. 所有的植物都需要阳光和水。 Light and water are needed by all plants. need sb./sth. to do sth. 需要某人/物做某事我需要你帮我。 翻译：need to do sth. 需要做某事你需要马上去那儿。 翻译：3. There are also many people like you and me on Earth.地球上也有很多像你我一样的人。= There are many people like you and me on Earth, too.【辨析】also, too, either三者都表示“也”，also和too可以互换，都可以用于肯定句和疑问句，但also常放在句中；too常放在句末，too前面要加逗号；either只用于否定句。4. The Earth provides us with air, water and food. 地球给我们提供空气，水和植物。= The Earth provides air, water and food for us.5. It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.为了我们的未来，保护地球很重要。= To protect the Earth for our future is important. “It+be+形容词+for+sb.+动词不定式短语”句型，意为：对某人来说做某事是it 在句首做形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语才是句子的真正主语。对我们来说学英语很重要。 翻译：对我们来说学好英语很有用。 翻译：练习：I根据句意及首字母提示写单词，补全句子。1. We all live on E_. 2. It is a good design (设计) p_ for us to learn. 3. This morning, we have a q _ about Maths. 4. We must p_ ourselves because there are many dangerous things. 5. Today, its my turn to make a r_ on studying. II根据句意及汉语提示写单词，补全句子。 6. The arm is a_(部分) of our body. 7. There are many plants on the_(陆地). 8. There are many kinds of vegetables(蔬菜)in the _(田野). 9. The box is too _ (大的) for you to carry. 10. The country _ (提供) people with fruit. 11. There is a lot of _(污染) in this city. 12. I have no _ (能量) to go on running!III根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词，缩写算一词。 13中国有许多漂亮的地方。 There are many _ _in China. 14关于地球你知道些什么？ What do you _ _the Earth? 15这场考试对我来说很重要。 This exam is very _ _me. 16不要在房子里烧东西，因为很危险。 _ _things in the house, because its dangerous. 17你必须按时睡觉。 You _ _to bed on time. 18爸爸告诉我不要杀鸟儿。 Father tells me not _ _birds. 19我有许多书。有些有趣，有些无聊。 I have many books. _are interesting and _ are boring. 20我们必须停止工作。 We must _ _. 21今天天气如何？ _ the weather _today? 22图书馆有许多不同的书。 There are _ _ _ in the library. IV从下面的方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，补全句子。 put . into, protect . from, in the sky, much 23. There is _ rubbish in the place. 24. We can see a lot of kites _ _ _. 25. The little girl _her hands _ her pockets. 26. We should _ our eyes _ being hurt(被伤害) 五、名词的数 名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词有复数形式。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。可数名词的单数往往要与不定冠词a/an连用，复数则使用其复数形式。1. 可数名词的数：可数名词复数形式的构成： 规则变化：_如：cap cake _如：glass watch _如：shelf knife _如：story baby _如：potato hero 不规则变化：a. 改变元音字母，发音也随之变化：man(人；男人) woman(女人) postman(邮递员) fireman(消防员) foot(脚) tooth(牙齿)t goose(鹅) a man teacher(一名男老师) a woman nurse(一名女护士) b. 单复数同形的词：a sheep(一只羊) a fish（一条鱼） a deer（一头鹿） c. 通常以复数形式出现的名词：scissors(剪刀) trousers(裤子) clothes(衣服) glasses(眼镜) shorts(短裤)d. 表示“某国人”的单复数：单数和复数相同， 如：a Japanese a Chinese 变man为men, 如：an Englishman a Frenchwoman 词尾加-s, 如：a German an American 【总结】中日不变，英法变，其他“s”加后面 e. 其他形式：a childtwo children an oxthree oxen(三头牛) a mousefour mice（四只老鼠） 不可数名词的数:不可数名词通常只有单数形式，前面无需加不定冠词a/an。如：water, milk, oil, soil, ink, bread, juice等。但如果需要表示具体的数量时，要使用以下短语：a glass of juice a piece of paper a slice of bread 练习：I根据句意，用a，an, much或many填空，补全句子。 1. I eat _apple every day.2. Mum, I want to have _ orange. 3. He buys _bananas. 4. In the morning, I drink _ milk. 5. He has _ map.6. Carla has _ different books.7. There is _water on the road.8. He knows _different languages.9. I book _room for my brother. 10. In China, there are_ foreigners(外国人).六、 There be句型1、构成：There be .句型表示的是 “某处(存在)有某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如：There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago. 1、 各种句式：否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词）。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not aan + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。例如：There is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag. = There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.There arent any oranges in her bag. = There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.There isnt any juice in the bottle. = There is no juice in the bottle. 一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如： There is some money in her handbag. Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)There is something new in todays newspaper. Is there anything new in todays newspaper? 3、特殊疑问句：There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： 1）对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Whos + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “Whats + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如： There is a computer in my office. Where is the computer? Its in my office. There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children? They re in the classroom. 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示如：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There is only one book in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?There is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box?如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示如：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse? 4、注意事项：1.） There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”。例如：There is a basketball in the box.如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are”。例如：There are many birds in the tree.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：There is an orange and some bananas in the basket. There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 2. ）There be句型和havehas的区别：There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：桌子上有三本书。 There are three books on the desk.我有三本书。 I have three books.【总结】There be句型有特点，主语放在be后边。 主语单三用is，复数主语要用are。 变否定，很简单，be后要把not添。 变问句也不难，把be提到there前。 肯定句中用some，否定疑问any换。练习：I.根据句意，用适当的系动词填空，补全句子。 11. There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 12. There _ many apples in the bag. 13. There _ much water in the glass. 14. There _ an egg on the table.15. There _ many animals in the zoo. II将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。1.There is some water in the bottle.2.There are many apples in the box. 单项填空。( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table .A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )10.How many _ are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )11.Do you know if _ a meeting next Sunday ? A. there was going to have B. there was going to beC. is there going to be D. there will be ( )12. Is this the last exam we have to take ? C No, but there _ another test three months later from now.A. will be going to B. is C. will be D. has been( )13.There _ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years. A. is B. are C. will be D. have been( )14.There _ a film tomorrow evening Awill have Bhave Cis going to be Dhas( )15.There _ a football match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have( )16.There _ a school at the foot of the hill. Ahave Bstand Care Dstands( )17.Theres going to _ in tomorrows newspapers. A. have something new B. have new somethingC. be something new D. be new something( )19.How many boys _ there in Class one? A. be B. is C. are D. am( )20.There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were.汉译英。34.房子前面有一辆小汽车。35.今晚不开会。36.我能为你做点什么吗？37.山脚下有一棵大树。38.你们班有多少学生？39.桌子上放着什么？40.你丢的那个钱包里有多少钱？参考答案1.There is not any water in the bottle. Is there any water in the bottle?2.There are not many apples in the box. Are there many apples in the box?II. 3.How many days are there in a week.?4.How many books are there in your library?5.Whats (there) over there.6.How much milk is there in the glass?. 711 CDBBD 12-16 CDCBD 17-21 CACAA 22-26 BBADB 27-31 CBBAA 32-33 CB. 34) There is a car in front of the house.35) There is not going to be a meeting tonight.36) Is there anything I can do for you ?37) There stands a tall tree at the foot of the mountain .38) How many students are there in your class?39) Whats on the table ?40) How much money is there in the purse you have lost ?
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