高考英语考前一周备考策略.doc

高考英语考前一周备考策略同学们：高考的钟声即将敲响，号角即将响起！经过高三阶段系统、全面的复习，你们在英语方面取得了很大的进步。其实，复习到现在，你们已经准备得相当充分了，只要你充满信心走进考场，胜利就在向你招手。 在考试前认真反思一下各个题型的答题技巧比做几道练习更重要。但愿这套英语考前指导材料能对你们有所帮助。长风破浪，直济沧海；蟾宫折桂，舍我其谁？就让我们跺掉脚上的灰尘，拍着自己坚实的胸膛，向高考宣战！预祝大家在2011年高考中超越自我，创造六月辉煌！ 首先我们要了解高考英语考什么。近几年高考英语的试卷难度一般在0.550.65左右，高考命题的词汇范围是普通高中英语课程标准中精选的2500个单词。与往年相比，今年考试中变化较大的题型是“短文改错”，因为往年是短文的每行只有一个错误，而今年短文中的错误需在整篇文章中找，每行的错误可能是一个，也可能是两个或三个，这就减少了考生的投机性。建议考生在考前最后一周突击训练一下，每天练上12篇，以增强对新题型的适应性。其次，不要改变平时的阅读习惯 英语能否拿高分，“阅读理解”部分非常关键。对考生来说，判断主旨大意和推理判断题比较难把握，建议考生在高考时不要临时改变自己已经熟悉的阅读方法，先看文章再做题，或者先看题再读文章，这两种方法各有利弊，高考时应按平时的阅读习惯来答题。在遇到生词或不明白的句子时要大胆向前看，不要频繁回读；答题时要看清题目的要求，一般来说，段落中心通常与该段首尾句相关，全文中心体现的是各段之和，不要选远离文章内容或以偏概全的干扰项。再次，“书面表达”要避免低级错误另一个容易拉开差距的题型是“书面表达”。首先要仔细审题，看清题目要求，确定文章类型；写作前先谋篇布局，再遣词造句，写前尽量打草稿，实在没时间就写一个简要的题纲；写作时尽量用熟悉的句型来写，不生造中国式的英文，程度比较好的学生可以适当使用一些复杂结构和新颖词汇，但应以准确表达意思为第一原则。考前最后7天英语的复习策略：首先，调整好复习节奏，调整好心态；其次，浏览已背过的单词，每天熟读一篇范文，时间控制在20分钟内，记一些好词好句；每天下午3点进行一次限时模拟训练，时间控制在1小时左右（不包括作文）;最后，在最后7天内写三篇作文，每次20分钟以内，做到对几种主要的文章体裁心中有数。下面我们就从各个题目简单分析一下高考英语做题注意事项：一 单选篇1谨防紧邻信息的误导，避免定势思维。在学习过程中，老师往往就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复强调，以加深学生的印象，学生因此而可能形成思维的定势。【例1】My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve.A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good ( 2007 江苏 35 )由于我们对I am feeling well today. 形成了思维定势，容易错选C. 这里不表示身体好，而是表示自我感觉好。选D.【例2】- I cant find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning? - It was in the hotel _ he stayed. A. whereB. whichC. the oneD. that此题最大的干扰项是D，考生很可能把它看作强调结构。但根据句意，它要表达的是“在他呆的宾馆里找到他的”。所以，实际上是在stayed后省略了that I found him，即全句可完整地表达为It was in the hotel where he stayed that I found him。因此，答案为A。【例3】Though life should be colorful, I prefer devoting all my energies to my studies_ more professional knowledge. A. to get B. to getting C. rather than getD. rather than to get考生容易错选B。但仔细分析句意，应选A，表示目的。2. 注意分析句子结构，确定选择方向一个句子所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度上干扰考生的思维。【例1】My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it.A. having triedB. trying C. to tryD. tried （2008 上海 30） 分析句子结构，an experienced rider是插入语，同时，主语my sister与try之间为主动关系，首先排除D项；而后考虑sit on the bicycle与try to balance it 同时发生，可知B项为正确答案。【例2】Who do you think youd rather _ the tape recorder?A. have to repairB. have fixedC. get repairedD. get to repair在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：I think I would rather have the man fix the tape recorder.I think I would rather get the man to fix the tape recorder.在这两句中，假若对名词the man 提问，便可得出：Who do you think you would rather have repair the tape recorder ? / Who do you think you would rather get to repair the tape recorder ?【例3】The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _for the day.A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished解析: 由于中间有逗号， 意味着后面的部分是状语。由于该部分前面没有连词，故不能用谓语形式。 因此要用finished构成独立主格结构。3.查看主宾表定-缺啥补啥句健全当考察名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状语的选项，以补全句子结构。Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.A. what B. why C how D whether解析: what 引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语,what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.A that B which C what D whom解析: 本题考察非限制性定性定语从句,介词of后面缺宾语,能够作宾语且能够引导定语从句的关系代词which 和whom， 由于非限制性定性定语从句用来说明前面指人的名词people， 故用whom充当介词of的宾语。热门知识点：时态语态：要做好动词时态语态题，除了必须掌握各种时态的结构、含义和用法外，还要注意体会动词在具体的语言环境中的使用。语态通常结合时态一起考查，解题时一定要结合语境，弄清时间先后关系，可根据不同情况采取“找标法(寻找时间标志词)”、“呼应法(主从句时态呼应)”、“搭配法(固定搭配)”、“语境法(事情发生的环境)”等解题技巧。【真题】 The moment I got home, I found I _ my jacket on the playground. A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 【解析】A。I found后接宾语从句，结合“呼应法”和“语境法”，由于主句动词使用了一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，应使用过去完成时。 【真题】Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match. (安徽卷) A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played 【解析】B。运用“语境法”，结合上下文语境可知，“我”看了昨天的比赛是因为“我弟弟当时正在参加比赛”，指过去正在发生的动作或状态应使用过去进行时。 【模拟题】 Have you seen my email about our TESL project? Yes. Luckily, I checked my emails yesterday. Normally, I _ my email-box for days.A. havent opened B. didnt open C. hadnt opened D. dont open【解析】D。normally表明这是一个习惯性的动作，故用一般现在时。特殊结构(倒装、省略、强调) 倒装 倒装可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。句子是全部倒装还是部分倒装往往取决于位于句首的词语。因此，熟记具有倒装要求的标志词是解题的关键。 【真题】So much of interest _ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. (上海卷) A. offers Beijing B. Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer 【解析】C。“So(Such).that.”结构中的so或such位于句首时，构成部分倒装句。句中的谓语是offer，时态是一般现在时，因此应添加助动词does，并将其置于主语Beijing之前以构成部分倒装句。 The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life _ so happy and excited.A. I felt B. did I feel C. I had felt D. had I felt 强调 强调结构的基本形式是“It is/was+ 被强调部分 +that/who.”。同时，强调结构还有许多变形形式，需要引起注意。 * 一般疑问句句型为“Is/Was it +被强调部分+ that/who.?” * 特殊疑问句句型为“特殊疑问词+ is/was it that.?” *“Not.until.”句式的强调句型为“It is/was not until.that.” 【真题】 It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 【真题】 It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A. that B. when C. while D. as 情态动词：第一步：判断是对现在的推测还是对过去的推测。这一步其实很简单，看题干中情态动词后有没有have即可。如有，则为对过去的推测；如无，则为对现在的推测。 第二步：判断题干是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句。这一步更简单，通过对句尾标点符号的判断以及句中是否含有not很容易就可以判定。 第三步：根据语境，判断推测语气是否强烈，并对照表格找出相应的情态动词。 通过以上三步，这一类型的题目就不再是难题了。下面不妨来看两个例题： 1. She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. I guess so. Its not difficult after all. (2007 江苏卷) A. should B. could C. must D. might 解析：第一步，因为情态动词后有have，所以是对过去的推测。第二步，句尾是句号，且句中无表示否定的词，所以判定句子是肯定句。第三步，从“She looks very happy”和“Its not difficult after all”这两句中均可以判断出推测语气比较强烈。对照表格，很快就可以定位到must上。所以，本题选C。 请别忽视某些情态动词的特殊含义shall的用法: No student shall go out of school without the teachers permission. Tell him that he shall have the wonderful book tomorrow afternoon. It is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city. Shall I/he book a table? must : If you must know her name, her name is Mabel. would: When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories. should: Its strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our grade should fail in the exam. may: May you succeed!/May you be happy! 非谓语动词题 1) _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (2005上海卷) A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 解析：首先，判断这道题应填入非谓语动词。其次，判断这个非谓语动词不是作主干成分的，而是在句中起修饰作用。接下来，判断put和hotline之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，非谓语动词要表被动，所以选A。 2) _ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. (2005浙江卷) A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out 解析：逗号前后没有连词，且逗号后是一个祈使句，所以空格处应填入非谓语动词短语，且其在句中应起修饰作用。接下来，判断 “了解更多大学课程”是“打电话”的目的所在，所以应填入不定式表目的，选A。 3._ along with host families, I believe, language travel students are likely to get enough language practice. （2010南通二模） A. Stay B. Having stayed C. Staying D. To stay 注意分清谓语与非谓语，比如：She went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin. She said, and turning away from him, walked rapidly away. Go straight ahead, and you will see a hotel in front of you.状语从句的一些引导词需要着重注意1.before: before I could say a word./It may be some time before the situation improves How long itll be before I can go back to work? （前面半句之后）2.when: It was six oclock when they arrived at the hotel. (when可作if或since或considering意思) 3.since: Its three years since I smoked. 我已经三年不吸烟了。Its three years since I joined the army.我已经参军三年了。要根据since后面动词是否延续性动词，延续性动词表示不已经多久了。4.as: Great as the difficulty was,./Much as I admire,5.where: They notice that plants dont grow well where there is much shade. My doctor advised me to live where the air is fresher.6.主将从现：I can when my headache disappear thoroughly. If you go, so will I. 需要记住一些交际用语Just in case!/Take your time!/Take it easy!/You cant be serious/Up to you!/What if?/Can you make it?/What for?/What kept you?/Of what?/Exactly!/With pleasure!/That isnt due yet./The early train is due to leave at 5:30 a.m./Ill give you a lift./Why not?/You are wanted on the phone. 【牛刀小试】1. Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you? Why that early? I _.A. will be sleeping B. will sleep C. have slept D. have been sleeping2. _ colorful charts and graphs, he loaded a new software to help him. A. Create B. Created C. Creating D. To create3. -How do you usually find out about new software?-In the magazines like Popular Electronics. Thats _ the computer companies usually advertise. A. whichB. whereC. whatD. why3. How come your father can read books in German? Well, he _ on a project with some German engineers for 3 years when he was young. A. worked B. was working C. had worked D. would work 4. A big earthquake struck southern Haiti，knocking down buildings and power lines and causing its ambassador to the United States called a catastropheAwhatBwhichCwhatDwhy.5. Did you hear that Li Hua was robbed during his recent trip to South Africa? Yes, not only _ his money, but he was nearly killed.A. he lost B. did he lose C. he had lost D. was he lost6. Who _ the fight against the H1N1 flu _ it not been for the Chinese scientists great efforts?A. could have won; had B. would win; hadC. would have won; hasD. could win; has7. As we all know, it was _ that resulted in the terrible car accident.A. because of her carelessness B. for her to be carelessC. because she was carelessD. her being careless 二 完形填空篇：新高考的完形填空要求高，难度大，特别是议论说明类文体。但只要我们洞悉了出题人的心理，并掌握了相应的技巧，就没有什么可畏惧的。（一）阅读全文，掌握大意速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格，生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去，不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍，直到明了大意（who, when, where, what），掌握梗概，总体把握文章内容，结构，时态，语态变化，情节的展开，结果的形成，然后答题。（二）、细读全文，试选答案1. 重视首句，把握开篇完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空白，是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。例题：I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real_1_. 1. A. plan B. fault C. grade D. luck解析：B。从本句should have done 结构表达方式可以看出作者要为往事感到懊悔了。例:(2009全国卷) One of my fathers favourite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldnt say I didnt like _21_. 撇开选项不谈,单从这一首句,考生可以捕捉到如下信息:(1)本文与我的成长有关;(2)我的成长与父亲的鼓励“Try it!”有关;(3)本文是一篇励志性的文章。可以推测:有可能这篇文章是与我的成长有关的励志文章,父亲的鼓励“Try it!”可能是这篇文章的主旨。仅仅一句话就提供了这么多的信息,使考生向下阅读有良好的心理准备。 2要注意尾句的提示和总结作用 例如:(2008全国卷) “Did I do something wrong? Dont you love me anymore, Mom?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I laughingly asked him what was wrong. “My note, Mom,” he answered, “Wheres my note?” 文章叙述母亲(即本文的作者)年复一年地为孩子们上学备午餐,随同午餐盒这位母亲总坚持给孩子写上简单的一张小纸条。母亲从孩子开始上小学到高中毕业都一直坚持这样做。文中把“My note, Mom,” he answered, “Wheres my note?”安排在最后一句,特意刻画了大儿子Marc从上高中不愿意看那些小纸条到大学毕业后又跟母亲要小纸条的事情。全文首尾连贯,文字朴实,尽管没有一个love的字眼,却让人内心震撼:天底下比海还深的亲情和母爱!3. 掌握技巧，灵活答题（1）前后呼应法解完形填空题要始终抓住文段本身，确立“双语境”基准判断做题，即大语境全文中心和基调；小语境空格前后的语意环境；再遵循前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路去做题。例题1：I lift the lid and to my surprise saw nothing I looked at Davids smiling face add back into the box and said. “The box is nice, David, but it s 52.” Ks 52. A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper （2009山东卷）解析：由句中的saw nothing可以推知应选B项。例题2：After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 36 for a few days, I was 37 to wait tables on my own.36. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress 37A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised （2008全国I）解析：36. D。由前句的restaurant和work with知这里因为服务员。37. C。由前分句“已经工作了一些天了”，以及on my own知这里是被允许去做。（2）词汇辨析法从近年来高考真题的分析情况来看，相似词汇彼此之间的细致辨析题型在考试中比重逐年增加，同时这也是高中考生的弱点所在。例题：Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole，they found the Norwegians（挪威人）had 36 them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.（2005辽宁卷）36. A. hit B. fought C. won D. beaten解析：由第一句的 disappointed 可知，挪威人已经“胜过了” Scott 和他的同伴，故选项 A 和 B可以首先被排除；而其余两个选项都有“战胜”之意，这就要求我们知道它们之间的细微差别：win 的宾语通常是比赛、奖品或荣誉等，而 beat 的宾语则是竞赛或竞争对手；所以正确答案是 D。（3）语法结构法此考点对于高中生比较熟悉，也是我们的优势所在。需要同学们注意的就是现在的这种考点核心在多种语法点的结合考察，也同时注意到语境的具体要求。例题：I couldnt have been more 29 . I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity（机会）to _30_ through the company into different 31 .29. A. careful B. mistakenC. interested D. prepared ks5u ks5u （2009全国卷）解析：选B。这里的I couldnt have been more是最高级的一种表达形式，即“否定词+比较级结构可以表达最高级的含义”。（4）抓住关联词根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如and， also和besides等，它们的题点是and前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。文段一出现“but”，即可确定前后语意有转折。只要知其一方的语意，就能反推出另一方意思，这有利于解题。在高考完形填空题中，多半会在but一词后设题。所以，一看到but就做上标记，遇到类似于but的词，如however, nevertheless, whereas, yet等词时作同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。 例题1：An old lady came on the bus. She was not too old but looking _ and I think she was not well either.A. tired B. excited C. surprised D. interested解析：A。本句中的but表示的是转折的含义。由此可知，虽然她不是太老，但她看起来十分“疲惫”，再由and后的not well知此空所填的词应和“身体不好”相吻合。（5）固定搭配法这部分主要考查考生平时的基础知识储备，尤其是对动词短语形容词短语固定句型等的考查。例题1：The former 37every possible effort to avoid being discovered.It was not long50 a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him. （2005重庆卷）37. A. do B. take C. make D. try50. A. when B. after C. until D. before解析： makeeffort（尽力）是固定词组，It was not long before.（不多久就）是固定句式，所以这两题的正确答案分别是 C 和 D。例题2：There was no 40 _asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to spare.4 0. A. point B. reasonC. resultD. right（2009北京卷） 解析：选A。there is no point doing sth.固定句型，意为“做是没有意义的”。Dear son, 例题3：I want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in my life by the great example you _.A. followed B. gave C. set D. took （2009安徽）解析：选C。为某人树立榜样 set a good example to somebody（6）发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种假象，产生“轻敌”心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到“表里一致”。如：_52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) _53_, but what I was feeling was pure happiness. 52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 本题要求根据事情发展的逻辑关系来判定答案。答案是C，此处叙述作者的作文给全班同学带来欢乐的过程，先是“有人”发笑，最后全班同学大笑，逻辑通顺。（6）结合生活常识判断At first, everyone on the team got _38_ playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the _39_ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have _40_ one-on-one training, got angry when she didnt give them more playing time in our _41_ . The coach was replaced. （2004北京高考）38. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra 39. A. business B. struggle C. attempt D. pressure 40. A. free B. privateC. good D. basic 41. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs 本文介绍作者（一个少年女子足球队员）踢足球的经历。一开始，我们得到“平等的（38）”踢球时间；然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后，怎样呢？结合生活常识判断，应是有了压力（39）。后面父母贿赂教练干什么呢？根据生活常识判断，应该是让自己的孩子得到“开小灶”的机会，因此40应选B, private“私人的”。41，父母生气是因为贿赂没有起作用，也就是在我们的“比赛”中，他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场比赛的时间。（三）. 复读全文，验证答案（1）检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语、固定搭配、句型词组是否符合习惯。（2）检查上下文的连贯性：及凭借语感，按照上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。这是检查中至关重要的一环，往往能纠正一处甚至多处错误。【牛刀小试】（一）(2005 全国卷) When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly puzzled by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other. He seemed even more puzzled as 44 went on and it became 45 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got up and went into the 46 .41. A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food42. A. direct B. familiar C. strange D. funny43. A. chatted with B. looked at C. laughed at D. talked about44. A. the waiter B. time C. I D. the dinner45. A. true B. hopeful C. clear D. possible46. A. restaurant B. washroom C. office D. kitchen（二）1. 联系上下文语境1) Traveling west, you set your clock _1_ ; traveling east, you set it ahead. A behind B. forward C. back D. ahead2) Many old people dont have good _2_. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to the music. A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time3）My family was 43 . We paid our debts. But before harvest, cash was short. Would the store owner 44 us ? （2006 山东高考）(43) A. generous B. honest C. friendly D. modest(44) A. blame B. excuse C. charge D. trust4) Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc. (铺路公司) in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her _1_ and skill but left her flying high. “The key to our success was having the _courage_ to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.” （07江苏高考）(1) A. kindness B. patience C. imagination D. experience2. 注意习惯搭配5) The chance passed and I didnt _50_ it. I sat the exam the next day and I won. I didnt _51_ to cheat, but I was still cheating anyhow. (06江苏高考)(50) A. take B. have C. lose D. find(51) A. remember B. learn C. mean D. pretend6) Life is filled with challenges. As we got older we _1_ realize that those challenges are the very things that _shape_ us and make us who we are, （07山东高考）A. seem to B. come to C. hope to D. try to 3词义辨析7) Now he can no longer walk and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is (1) . One night, I went to visit him with my sister. We started (2) about life, and I told them about one of my (3) . I said that we must very often give things up (4) we grow-our youth, our beauty, our friends-but it always (5) that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. （06北京高考）(1) A. impossible B. difficult C. stressful D. hopeless(2) A. worrying B. caring C. talking D. asking(3) A. decisions B. experiences C. ambitions D. beliefs(4) A. as B. since C. before D. till(5) A. suggests B. promises C. seems D. requires三阅读理解篇：2011年命题趋向：阅读材料更趋向于多样化和“原汁原味”，并追求阅读材料的真实性、实用性和教育性的统一；阅读文章贴近生活，内容新，时代感强；阅读词汇量会逐步有所加大，这就要求我们不断提高阅读速度；句子长度递增，难度加大。解题步骤可以总结为一套解题程序，也就是“三步走”，即：第一步，快速阅读整篇文章，特别注意，绝对不可细读，学会跳读，略读。每段只要了解大意即可。（一般前面三句读懂就行）。第二步，读题目（主要是题干），找关键词；先仔细阅读题目，找出题干中的关键词。关键词一般是题干主谓宾的实词或者特征明显的词（人名、地名、时间、数字等）。（根据题目的关键词）读原文，找命题点；有目的地在原文中搜索相关信息。将题目中的关键词先定位到原文中的一个段落，进而定位到相关句子。要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文内容的顺序基本一致。关键词的确定也有技巧：如果题目或选项中有专有名词（人名、地名等）、数字（年代、时间等）要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点，在文章中很容易找到，所以很快就可以定位相应的细节，从而找到正确答案；如果题目或选项中没有明显的词，可以定位主要的名词或动词为关键词。第三步，对照题目和命题点，选择最佳答案；常见的正确选项是对原文命题点的原文再现、同义转述或二者的结合；高档题可能还需要考生进行一定的归纳、总结、推理或概括，但一切都要严格依照原文命题点，避免主观判断。下面对关键词寻找举例说明：72. Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions? 07年全国二卷65. Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _. 08年全国一卷69. In what way is the Snowdonia Centre different from the other two holidays? 08年全国二卷59. Where can visitors have lunch? 08年江苏卷64. Parents with small children visiting the gallery ? 08年江苏卷以上是就最近几年高考题中，随机选择的几道细节题题干。考生在预估出卷人意图时并不需要对题干进行细致精到的分析，只需要稍微把握关键词，对句意囫囵吞枣也未尝不可。而这些“枣子”一般是那些不能被消化、被替换的词语，比如：专有名词、术语等，如果没有这些成分，一般名词或动词则应该被关注；数词在考查过程中，虽然会出现一些简单的运算，但因为其形式的独特性，所以也需要特别留意。也就是说，在审题的过程中，关注等级为（专有）名词、动词、数词。因此，以上五道题，着重关注的点分别是：06年北