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个性化教学辅导教案学科： 英语 任课教师： 辜老师 授课时间：2014 年 05月 24日(星期六 )姓名翟秋莹年级六性别女课题词语辨析和14年四模卷教学目标知识点：1学习相近单词之间的辨析。2相近短语之间的辨析。3. 2014年小升初四模卷解析考点：易混的单词和短语的用法区分，语法点综合运用。能力: 学生的综合运用能力。方法：讲练结合难点重点以下单词和短语的区别:few, a few, little, a little, severalspend，cost，take和paytoo many，too much和much tooput on, dress, wear, be in other，the other, another, others, the others how long, how often, how soonStep 1课外词汇汇总-说出下面高频单词的含义201. address 2.street 3.hobby 4. engineer 5.middle 6. around 7.grade 8.primary 9. future 10. difficult 11.sky 12. top 13. business 14. still 15.uniform 16.twice 17.once 18. brush 19.activity 20.dentist 21. careful 22. dangerous 23. mean 24. angry 25. except Unit 11. work as担任工作2. be keen on热衷于3. at school在学校，在上学4. in the middle在中间5. best wishes最美好的祝愿6. in glasses戴着眼镜7. on the right在右边8. on the left在左边9. one of the best最好的之一10. in the world世界上11. next to在旁边12. be friendly to 对有好的13. in the future将来14. be kind to 对友善的15. do exercise锻炼身体16. last for持续（一段时间）17. at the beginning of 在的开始18. at the end of在的末尾19. go swimming去游泳20. go to the sea去海边21. go skiing去滑雪Unit 21. the same as 和一样2. find out找出，查明3. daily life日常生活4. top student优等生5. have breakfast吃早餐6. at breakfast吃早餐的时候7. make phone calls to给打电话8. on the way to去的路上9. have lunch吃午饭10. come back to回到11. have dinner吃晚饭12. work on忙于13. half an hour半小时14. walk home步行回家15. in charge of管理，掌管，负责16. look after对负责，照看17. by bus乘公共汽车18. be late (for)迟到19. get angry生气20. tell the truth说实话21. go jogging去慢跑22. except for除以外23. on weekdays从周一到周五 Step 2 单词和词组辨析学习401. after, in这两个介词都可以表示“(时间)以后”的意思after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的。in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走。2. few, a few, little, a little, severalfew 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思3some & anysome和any 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。因此 some和any 的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中，与名词的可数与否无关。 用some any 填空1There are old men in the park._ are standing under trees；_are sitting on chairs2Do you know_ people here?3There isnt_ cheese left in the fridge4. Would you like_ orange juice?4.after与behind的用法辨析两者均可表示“在之后”，其区别是：1. after 主要用于时间或次序，behind 主要用于位置：He decided to leave after lunch. 他决定午饭后离开。The hospital is behind the post office. 医院在邮局后面。5. spend，cost，take和pay的区别:spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：(1) spend time money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：(1) sth. costs (sb.) 金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：(1) It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2) pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。6. speak, say, talk, tell这四个动词都有“说”的意思speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,指开口说或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称如:He can speak Japanese. say的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词，代词或直接引语等。如:She says, “Dont draw on the wall!”她说:“别在墙上画画!”talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与speak意义比较接近,但不如speak正式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话如:She is talking with John in English.她正在和约翰用英语交谈tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语。除了story, news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外,还可以接人等间接宾语如:She is telling the children a story.她正在给孩子们讲故事7. among, betweenbetween 的意思是“在中间,在之间”,一般指在两者之间如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子among 的意思是“在中间?在之中”,一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中如:The teacher distributed them among the students. 老师把这些东西分给了学生8. beat, win这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛，名次如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛.9. look, see, watch, readLook指集中注意力地看，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要和at连用。例如： Look! Tom is over there. Look at the blackboard, please.see强调“看”的结果，意为“看见、看到”。例如： How many birds can you see in the tree?watch强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。例如： Do you watch TV at night?read指“看”时实指“阅读”，常用于看书、看报等。例如：I like reading at home.10. bring, take, carry, get 都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同bring作“带来,拿来”解如:Next time dont forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车,船,也可以用手甚至用头如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人get则表示“去拿来”的意思如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我11. noise, voice sound 这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用,但它们又各有特定的含义.sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音,它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声?歌声和笑声如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊?有时也用于引申意义,作“意见,发言权”解如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权12. arrive, get, reach三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎get之后通常接介词to如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京13.borrow & lend & keep(1) borrow 表示的是从别人那里借来东西，即我们通常所说的“借进来”。 We often borrow books from our school library. 我们经常从学校图书馆借书。 I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。 borrow 是一个瞬间完成的动作，因此不能与时间段连用。 You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 错误 ) I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 错误 ) (2) lend 表示的是把自己的东西借给别人，即我们通常所说的借出去。 Thank you for lending me your bike. 谢谢你把自行车借给我。 He often lends money to his brother. 他经常借钱给他弟弟。 lend 与 borrow 一样，也是一个瞬间完成的 动作，不能与一段时间连用。 (3) keep 的意思也是“借”，但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段，是一段持续的时间，因此可以与 时间段连用。 You can keep my recorder for three days. 我的录音机你可以借用三天。 I have kept this book for only one week. 这本书我才刚借了一星期。14 too many，too much和much too 这三个词语的主要区别在于它们的中心词以及它们所修饰的词不同。三者之中的前一个词都是修饰词，用来加强语气，后一个词是中心词。因此，在使用时只需要考虑后一个词的用法就行了。分述如下： 一、too many的中心词是many，用法与many相同，用来修饰复数可数名词。例如： Hes got too many questions to ask you他有很多问题要问你。 二、too much的中心词是much，用法与much相同，用来修饰不可数名词。例如： We both have too much work to do我们俩都有很多工作要做。 三、much too的中心词是too，用法与too相同，用来修饰原级形容词或副词。例如： Youre walking much too fast Slow down你走得太快了，慢点。 总结：=too many 后面接可数名词，too much 后面接不可数名词，much too 后面接形容词=15agree with, agree on, agree toagree on表示“就取得一致意见”如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一致同意及早出发agree with表示“与意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见,看法的名词如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件16in front of, in the front ofin front of的意思是“在前面”如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树in the front of的意思是“在前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板17. put on, dress, wear, be in 等表示“穿衣”的动词wear 和be in 通常指穿着衣服的状态，put on 通常指穿衣的动作，而 dress 既可指动作也可以指状态。如：She wore was in a new dress. 她穿着一件新衣服。Put on your clothes quickly. 赶快穿上衣服。She is dressing herself. 她在穿衣服。She always dresses in black. 她总是穿黑衣服。18. how long, how often, how soonhow long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问如:How often does he come here? Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次?how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?19. other，the other, another, others, the others other 做形容词，表示其他的，比如other people其他的人others代词，指另外的人或物the other 是其中的“另一个”, 常和one连用如:Give me the other one; not this one.the others 代词，是“其余的人或物”意思, 表示在一个范围内的其他全部, 如: This dictionary is better than the others. 这本字典比别其余的好。 another是不定数目中的“另一个” , 如:This glass is broken. Get me another. 这个杯子坏了, 给我另拿一个来。(在许多杯子中的一个) 课堂练习：1. A lot of story books are on sale, but _ good ones.A. any B. some C. few D. many2.Is Mr. Brown driving here?Im not sure. He _ come by train.A. may B. shall C. need D. must3. The music made me think of the _ of a running stream.A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound4. How nice the MP4 is! How much is it?It _ me 500 yuan.A. spent B. cost C. bought D. paid5. After a long journey, the eight pandas from Wolong safely _ in Beijing.A. arrived B. reached C. got D. came6. Dont forget to _ “Thank you” when someone has helped you.A. speak B. tell C. say D. talk7. Please _ your notebook with you when you come.A. take B. carry C. bring D. hold8.Mike, you _ the magazine since last week. Can you return it now?Sure.A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. have kept D. lent9. What do you often do _ classes to relax yourself?Listen to music.A. over B. among C. between D. through10.Our team _ the match. Weve got the first place!Well done! Congratulations!A. hit B. beat C. won D. watched11. There are a lot of colorful flowers on _ sides of the streets.A. each B. both C. either D. all12. He seemed to be worried in the waiting room. A bottle of water went from one of his hands to _.A. another B. others C. the other D. the others13.Why does Kate look upset?Perhaps she has made _ mistakes in her homework.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few14. _ do you go to the library?I usually go to the library twice a week.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How many15.Today，_trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world Amuch too Btoo much Cmany too Dtoo many 16.He cant hear you because there is _noise here Avery much Btoo much Cmuch too Dso many 17.Look！Theres _ice on the lake Atoo much Bmuch too Ca lot 18.The sweater is very beautiful，but its _dear Atoo much Bmuch too Cmany Dmore 19. These shoes are much too _for me Abig Bbigger Cbiggest Dthe biggest Step 3 2014年小升初模拟卷另复印Step 4 课后作业 1. 整理错题于笔记本并复习所学2. 限时完成一套试卷-另复印
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