学位英语情态动词用法总结.doc

2013年成人英语三级考试情态动词用法总结情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。从这几年的考试看，着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法，尤其是与虚拟语气结合来考查学生的掌握情况。另外情态动词表推测也成为今年考查重点，须引起重视。1.must+完成时 表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测例1 Since this road is wet and slippery this morning，it _ last night.A.must rain B.was raining C.must have rained D.may rain【答案】C(2004年11月35题)例 2 I believe he _ an accident，otherwise he would have arrived on time.A.would have had B.could have had C.should have had D.must have had【答案】D(2001年58题)例3 Mr.Green _ my letter，otherwise be would have replied before now.A.must have received B.must have failed to receive C.must receive D.must fail to receive【答案】B(1998年44题)例4 She _ be ill because I saw her playing tennis just now.A.cant B.couldt C.mustnt D.may not【答案】A(2005年10月20题)2、should(ought to)+完成时 表示应该做的事情而没有做，否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对过去的动作的责备、批评。例1 You ought _ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.A.oughtnt to go B.hadnt gone C.shouldnt have gone D.mustnhave gone【答案】C(2006年11月30题)例2 You ought _ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.A.to report B.to have reported C.to reporting D.have reported【答案】B(2003年11月36题)例3 Im sorry I couldnt get in touch with him before be left，I _ him earlier.A.had a telephone B.have phoned C.should have phoned D.should be phoned【答案】C(2000年26题)2.could/might + 完成时 表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜、遗憾。例1 He could have joined us，but he didnt get our invitation in time.他本来能够和我们在一起，但是他没有及时收到我们的请柬。例2 He might have given you more help，but he was busy then.他本来可以给你更多帮助的，但他那时很忙。例3 He abandoned a career that _ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world.A.could have led B.would lead C.should have led D.must lead【答案】A(2005年11月33题)(五)主谓一致1、名词physics“物理”，maths“数学”，news“新闻”，means“方法”等一般被认为是形式上是复数、而意思上是单数的名词，它们作主语的时候动词一般用单数形式。2、当主语由as well as，along with，together with，including，accompanied by 等短语+名词(代词)时，主语与谓语的一致关系不受影响，主语是单数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式时，谓语动词用复数。例1 Professor Smith，along with his assistants，_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline，A.work B.working C.is working D.are working【答案】C (2007年4月37题)例2 The teacher，as well as all his students，_ by the dancers performance.A.was impressed B.had impressed C.impressed vv D.were impressed【答案】A(2006年4月42题)例3 Mr.Smith，together with his wife and children，_ going to the party this weekend.A.am B.is C.are D.will【答案】B(2004年11月28题)3、当用and连接的名词前有each，every等修饰时，谓语动词用单数。当主语是eachand，everyand every，many a and 机构时，谓语动词用单数。例1 Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 许多歌唱家和舞蹈家将参加我们的晚会。例2 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家每个人都有接受教育的权利。4、就近原则由or，not onlybut also，eitheror，neithernor连接两个并列的主语时，谓语的数和最邻近的主语一致。例1 Either you or I am right. 不是你对就是我对。例2 Not only Jane but also her family members were friendly to me.不仅是简，她的家人对我也很好。