八年级上Unit1-12重点短语复习.doc

新目标八年上册1-6单元语法复习与练习一：频度副词按照频繁程度的大小可排名如下，图中阴影部分的大小表示“频率”。 always usually often sometimes seldom never1. always意思是“总是”，所表示的频率最高，常用于句中。如：Mr Wang always gets to school early. 王老师总是很早到校。2. usually意思是“通常”，表示的频率比always略低，一般表示规律性。如：Tony usually gets up at six am. 托尼通常在早晨六点起床。3. often意思是“经常”，所表示的频率比sometimes多，常被用在句中。如：We often go fishing on weekends. 我们经常周末去钓鱼。4. sometimes，意思是“有时”，相当于at times。放在句子的任何位置都可以。如：She goes to school on foot sometimes. 她有时候步行去上学。5. seldom意思是“很少；不常”，常常被用在句子中间。如：He seldom goes out at night. 他晚上几乎不出去。6. never意思是“从不；从来没有”，可以表示完全否定，常用于句中间。如：He is never late for school. 他上学从不迟到。温馨提示：（1）当对频度副词提问时，一般要用how often，表示“多长时间做某事一次”。如：My sister goes to the library once a week. (就划线部分提问) How often does your sister go to the library?（2）频度副词一般来讲都与一般现在时态连用，但有时也与进行时态连用。与进行时态连用时，并非表示动作正在进行，而是表明说话者带有赞赏、厌烦或批评等感情色彩，意为“总是做某事”。如：She is always helpful to others. 她总是乐于助人。(表示赞赏) He is always playing computer games. 他老是玩电子游戏。(表示批评)二情态动词should、can和have to的用法。G博士：should、can和have to同属“情态动词家族”，有情态动词的共同特点：不能单独做谓语，必须和动词原形连用。1. should没有人称和数的变化，表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，本身词义不完全，主要用法有：（1）表示劝告、建议，认为某人“应该”、“应当”做某事，或“有义务和责任”做某事。如：You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。（2）表示“要求”、“命令”，语气比较强烈。如：You shouldnt be late again. 你不能再迟到了。2. can表示说话人的语气或情态，没有人称和数的变化，无论主语是第几人称，无论主语是单数还是复数，can均“一视同仁”，主要用法有：（1）表示请求或允许，多用在口语中，意为“可以；能”等。用于疑问句中用来提出要求，用于否定句表示不允许。如：Can I use your pen? 我可以用一下你的刚笔吗?You cant take the book out of the room. 你不可以将这本书拿出室外。（2）表示能力（如体力和脑力方面），有“能；会；能够”的意思。如：Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？ Can he play the piano? 他会弹钢琴吗？（3）表示可能。如：TodayisSunday, so hecantbeatschool. 今天是星期天，所以他不可能在学校里。 3. have to 是一个比较特殊的情态动词，有人称、数和时态的变化，have的第三人称单数形式为has，过去式为had。have to 表示客观上的需要，强调被迫性，有“不得不”的含义。如：Its raining heavily outside. We have to stay at home. 外面雨下得很大，我们不得不呆在家里。三、现在进行时的用法，它可以表示正在发生的动作或状态。可在Unit 3 中，我们却遇到了很多用现在进行时表将来意义的句子，现在进行时表示目前或现阶段正在发生的动作或状态，这是它的“常规工作”。然而，你知道吗？它还经常做些“兼职工作”表达将来的意义。1. 表示“位置移动”的词，如go，come，leave，start，arrive等通常用现在进行时态的形式表示即将发生的动作或状态，时常伴有意图、安排或打算的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动形象，常常表示较近的将来。如：His uncle is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 他叔叔明天将动身去北京。2. 一些“非位移”动词，也可以用现在进行时表将来。如：Jenny is babysitting her little brother. 詹妮将照看她的小弟弟。现在进行时与一般现在时都属于现在时态范畴，该如何区别使用呢？一般现在时态和现在进行时态是两种非常重要的时态，它们的区别主要体现在以下几个方面：1. 一般现在时态表示经常性、反复性、真理性、客观性的状态或动作；而现在进行时态表示此刻或当前一段时间内正在发生的动作或状态。试比较：I often read English in the morning. 我经常在早晨读英语。（表示一种重复性的动作）I am reading English now. 我现在正在读英语。（表示动作正在进行）2. 一般现在时态通常与always，usually，often，sometimes，every day等频率副词及时间状语连用；现在进行时通常与now，listen，look，these days等时间状语连用。如：Jim usually goes to school at seven oclock. 吉姆通常七点钟去上学。Look! The boys are playing basketball over there. 看，那些男孩们正在那边打篮球。3. 一般现在时表示的是经久的情况，而现在进行时表示的是暂时的情况。如： He lives in Beijing. 他生活在北京。（习惯性）He is living in Beijing. 他目前住在北京。（暂时性）4. 一般现在时态是由动词原形或动词词尾加-s /es（主语为第三人称单数时）表示的；现在进行时态是由系动词be(am/is/are)加动词的现在分词构成的。试比较：He plays football every day. 他每天都踢足球。He is playing football. 他正在踢足球。how的用法how可以单独提问，也可以与其他词联合提问。具体用法如下：1. how单独提问，可以问程度、天气、方式等。如：How do you like math? 你认为数学怎么样？How is the weather today? 今天天气如何？How do you get to school? 你怎样去上学？2. how 经常与其他形容词或副词联合提问。 how far 意为“多远”，询问两地间的距离。如：How far is it from here to Beijing? 从这儿到北京有多远？ It is about two hundred kilometers. 约两百公里。 how long意为“多长；多久”，提问物体的长度或时间的长短。如：How long is the river? 这条河有多长？ It is fifty kilometers long. 五十公里。 how old意为“多大”，问年龄大小。如：How old is your brother? 你弟弟多大？He is nine. 他九岁。how many意为“多少”，提问可数名词数量多少。如：How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生？There are twenty boys and twenty-two girls. 有20个男生，22个女生。how much意为“多少”，询问不可数名词的数量或物品的价格。如：How much is this dictionary? 这本词典多少钱？It is fifty yuan. 50元。 how often 意为“每隔多久”，对表示频率的副词或短语提问。如：How often do you see a film? 你多久看一次电影？ Once a week. 每周一次。 how soon意为“多久以后”，提问某动作多久以后发生。如：How soon will John come back? 约翰多久以后回来？ In half an hour. 半小时以后。how about意为“怎么样？”，询问对方的建议或看法。如：How about going swimming? 去游泳怎么样？Good idea. 好主意。 形容词有“三级”，即原级、比较级和最高级，也掌握了一些基本用法，学习比较级和最高级应注意哪些问题吗？当两个人或事物进行比较时，需用形容词的比较级，当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，需用形容词的最高级。在具体运用时，还要注意：1. 在比较级的句子中，前后进行比较的必须是同类事物，否则会产生歧义。如：My bag is bigger than yours. 我的书包比你的（书包）大。2. 比较级的重叠使用表示“越来越”。如：stronger and stronger 越来越强壮，more and more beautiful 越来越美丽。3. 句型“The + 比较级 + , the + 比较级 + .”表示“越，越”。如：The more, the better. 越多越好。4. 比较级前可加上适当的修饰语，以加强比较的语气，使比较的程度更加明确，常见的修饰词有a little, a bit, much, even等。如：Table tennis is much more popular than basketball in our school. 乒乓球在我们学校比篮球流行多了。5. “比较级 + than any other + 单数名词”可以表达最高级的内容。如：Jim runs faster than any other student in our class. 吉姆比我们班的其他任何一名同学跑得都快。= Jim runs the fastest in our class. 吉姆在我们班跑得最快。6. 级与级之间可以相互转换。常见句型有： not so (as) + 单音节形容词或副词 + as 单音节形容词或副词的反义词比较级 + than。如：Tony is not so (as) tall as John. Tony is shorter than John.not so (as) + 多音节形容词或副词 + as less+ 多音节形容词或副词原级 + than。如：Sam doesnt write so (as) carefully as Mary. Sam writes less carefully than Mary.高频考点集中营【考点1】 always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never等频率副词。【课本链接】I usually play soccer.【点拨】always意为“总是；一直”，表示的频率最高，达100%；usually意为“通常”，所表示的频率低于always，约为90%；often意为“时常；经常”，所表示的频率比usually低,约为60%；sometimes意为“有时”,所表示的频率约为30%；hardly ever意为“很少；难得”，所表示的频率约为1-2%；never意为“从不；决不”所表示的频率为零。【考例】English is _ too difficult for me. I cant learn it well.Dont give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard.（08，安徽）A. seldom B. never C. always D. usually【解析】C。根据答语可知句子要表达的意思是“英语对我来说总是太难了”，所以选C。【考点2】用现在进行时表示一般将来时【课本链接】What are you doing for vacation?【点拨】be (am / is / are) + V-ing是现在进行时表示将来意义。【考例】Mr Lee _ football with his classmates for vacation.A. plays B. is playing C. are play D. are playing（08，山东滨州）【解析】B。句意为：李先生打算假期和他的同班同学踢足球。这里用现在进行时态表示某人主观上打算在将来某个时间要做的事情，具有将来的含义。【考点3】情态动词【课本链接】You should go to bed.Can you come to my party?Im sorry, I cant. I have to help my parents.【点拨】 should 是shall 的过去式，意为“应当；应该”，通常表示主观看法或提出建议、劝说，后面直接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。如：You should clean your hands before meals. should的否定形式为should not,通常缩写为shouldnt。 can是情态动词，意为“能；可以；会”,没有人称和数的变化，后面的谓语动词用原形。can可以表示能力或猜测，否定形式为cant。Can you? 是熟人和朋友之间常用的表示邀请或请求的句型。have to意为“不得不，必须”，后面接动词原形，可用于多种时态。have to表示在有外来压力的情况下不得不做某事，而must表示说话人的主观看法。【考例】He has a stomachache.He _ eat anything.A. should B. shouldnt C. must D. mustnt Mary will be busy this weekend. She _ watch the game show on TV.A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. doesnt have to (08,江苏镇江)I cant stop playing computer games.For your health, my boy. Im afraid you _.A. can B. may C. must D. have to【解析】B。提建议应用情态动词should, 根据题意应选B， shouldnt表示“不应该”。 B。句意为：玛丽这一周末很忙，她不能看电视了。 D。强调客观上的“不得不；必须”。【考点4】how引导的特殊疑问句【课本链接】How do you get to school?【点拨】how是疑问副词，意为“怎样；如何”，本句考查的是how询问交通方式。【考例】Do you know _ the soldiers come to Yingxiu Town? The roads were badly broken. They have to walk there. （08,江苏盐城）A. why B. when C. how D. where【解析】 C。对方式提问用how，句意是“你知道战士们怎么到达映秀镇的？”。【考点5】形容词比较级【课本链接】Shes a little more outgoing than me.【点拨】形容词比较级的构成有规则变化和不规则变化，不规则变化的形容词需特殊记忆，规则变化如下：（1）一般词尾加-er；（2）词尾有e去e,再加-er；（3）“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变y为i,加-er；（4）一般重读闭音节，末尾字母先双写，再加-er；（5）双、多音节前加more要牢记。另外在形容词比较级前还可用much, even, a little, a bit来修饰，表程度。【考例】Our family has bought a car so we can travel _ than before.（08, 陕西省）A. most easily B. less easily C. easily D. more easily【解析】D。than before “比以前”，在进行比较时要用比较级，据题意“我们家买了一辆小汽车所以我们旅行比以前更容易了”，所以选D. more easily。八年级上Unit7-12重点短语习Unit71. make a banana shake 制作香蕉奶昔2.peel the bananas 剥香蕉 3. cut up the bananas切碎香蕉4. pour the milk into the blender 将牛奶倒入搅拌器5.turn on the blender 打开搅拌器电源6.one teaspoon of一茶匙 7. make fruit salad 制作水果沙拉 8.mix it all up 将它们混合在一起 9.takes turns doing sth, take turns to do sth.=do sth. in turns 轮流做某事 10.a slice of bread一片面包 11. roll pancake 卷上薄饼 12.Its easy to do sth. 做某事容易，Its hard (difficult) to do sth.做某事难，Its necessary to do sth.做某事必要 13. put sth. in order 将某些东西按顺序排列 14. a recipe for 的烹调方法, 的菜谱 Unit81. talk about 谈论2.have ice cream吃冰淇淋3.go to the aquarium去水族馆4. hang out with friends和朋友闲逛5.take photos照相 6. buy a souvenir买纪念品7.get ones autograph得到某人的亲笔签名8. win a prize赢得奖品（奖项）9. at the aquarium 在水族馆10.have a great time=have fun过得愉快11.on the school trip在学校的旅游12.the Visitors Center游客中心13.watch a dolphin show看海豚表演14.after that 后来15.at the end of在结束的时候at the beginning of在开始的时候16. go for a drive 开车兜风17.on my last/next day off 在我上/下一个休息日18.take notes of=write down写下，记下19.have fun doing sth.很快乐的做某事 20.for sale 供销售21.have a yard sale 旧货销售22.see you soon盼望很快见到你23.in ones opinion据某人看来24. win the first prize获得了一等奖25. in the future在将来，今后 26. a busy day off 繁忙的假日，27. all day=all day long 整天，all night=all night long整夜 Unit91. start hiccupping 开始打嗝 2.too to太.而不3.write music谱写曲子 4. learn to ride a bicycle学骑自行车5. for example 比如6.start learning English 开始学英语 7.begin to learn the accordion开始学习手风琴 8.spend all ones free time with sb.与某人一起度过了所有的业余时间 9. ice skating滑冰 10.a kind and loving grandmother和蔼而慈爱的祖母 11. a skating champion 滑冰冠军12. at the age of在年龄时13.take part in参加、加入 14.major in 主修，专修15. leave for a place动身去 16.because of 因为（后跟名词短语）Unit101. grow up 长大，成长2. computer science计算机科学 3.be going to do 表示主观打算、准备或有信心做某事 4. computer programmer 电脑程序设计人 5.baseball player 棒球运动员6. take acting lessons上演技课 7. professional basketball player职业篮球运动员 8. sound like 听起来像9.a year or two 一两年=one or two years; an hour or two=one or two hours10. my dream job我梦想的工作 11. what I want to do 我想做的事情 12. somewhere interesting有趣的地方 13. a reporter for fashion magazine 时装杂志记者 14. save some money攒钱 15. at the same time与此同时 16.hold art exhibition举办美术展览 17.all over the world全世界，世界各地 18. somewhere quiet and beautiful 安静而美丽的地方 19. send sth. to sb. 将某物发送给某人20.Im not sure yet我还没有定下来21. the Olympic Games=the Olympics奥运会 22. New Years resolutions新年的决心 23. play an instrument 弹一种乐器 24. find/get a part-time job找到一份兼职工作 25.make the soccer team组建足球队 26. get good grades获得好成绩 27.get lots of exercise多进行体育锻炼 28. take guitar lessons上吉他课 29. communicate with sb.与某人交流30. a job as a foreign language teacher 一份当外语教师的工作 31. keep fit 保持身体健康 32.work harder in school 在学校里更努力学习 33. make ones resolution 表决心 34. after high school=leave school中学毕业后 35. the exchange students留学生 36. have a welcome party 召开一个欢迎会Unit111. do the dishes 洗餐具2. sweep the floor清扫地板 3. take out the trash倒垃圾 4. make ones bed铺床 5.fold ones clothes叠衣服 6. clean the living room 清扫客厅 7.stay out late晚归 8. get a ride搭便车 9. use ones computer 使用某人的电脑 10. hate sth./to do sth.讨厌某事/做某事 11. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes洗衣服12. make breakfast, make dinner, do some cooking 做饭 13. work on 从事，忙于 14.borrow some money借一些钱 15. invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事16. go to the store去商店 17.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事 18. agree with sb.同意某人的意见19. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物(借出) 20.ask for要求得到、要求见到 20. take care of=look after照顾、照看、照料22. need some help需要一些帮助 23. come over拜访24. get angry with sb. 对某人生气 25. have a test考试Unit12 1.the best radio station最好的无线电台 2.comfortable seats舒适的椅子 3. friendly service友好的服务4. close to home离家近5. in a fun part of town 在城镇闹区 6. have good quality clothes服装质量好 7.in town在城里, in the city在城市里，in the country在乡下 8. the beat clothing store最好的服装店9.do a survey of 对进行调查 10. all the movie theaters所有的电影院 11. the most interesting music最有趣的音乐12.be interested in 对感兴趣 13.positive words肯定的词语 14. negative words否定的词语 15. the talent show 才艺表演16. a great success巨大的成功17. win the prize for赢得的奖项18. without music没有音乐伴奏下 19. the funniest actor最滑稽的演员 20. the worst movie最差的电影 21. action movies动作片 22. in northern China=in the north of China在中国的北部 23. an Ice and Snow Festival冰雪节 24. the price of 的价格25.cut the price 减价26.leader of a band乐队指挥 27. Forbidden City紫禁城Unit7Unit9 知识点测试重点词组：1打开（电器） 2切碎 3一勺酸奶 4混合 5一片面包 6在顶部 7照相 8同闲逛 9把加到上 10在学校郊游活动中 11玩得开心 12海豚表演 13在结束时 14去兜风 15在下一个休息日 16整天 17以某人的观点看来 18快乐地做某事 19从回来 20开始做某事 21太而不能 22作曲 23效力于 24在岁时 25参加 26因为 27主修，主攻 重点句型：1. Pour the milk into the blender. 2. Put the bananas and yogurt into the blender.3. Heres a recipe for a great turkey sandwich! 4. There werent any sharks, but there were some really smart seals.5. They took the bus back to school. 6. On my next day off, I dont want to go for a drive.7. Did you have fun cmaping? 8. Im sorry you didnt have fun on your day off.9. You are never too young to start doing things.10. Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old. 11. He is a boy called Jim.12. He spends all his free time with his family. 13. He began to learn the accordion at the age four.14. Is he alive? 15. What can I do to become famous? 16. Deng Yaping was born on the 2nd of June, 1973.交际用语：1. A：How do you make a banana shake? B：First, then, next, finally.2. A：How many bananas do we need? B：We need three bananas3. A：How much bread do you need? B：I need two slices of bread.4. A：How was your trip ? B：Its fantastic.5. A：Did you go to the zoo? B：Yes, I did / No, I didnt A：Were there any sharks there? B：Yes, there were. / No, there werent6. A：When was he born? B：He was born in 1985. / on September 5th, 1985.7. A：When did he start hicupping? B：He started hicupping in 1992.习题训练：1. _ do you have an English party? Once a month.A. How old B. How far C. How long D. How often2. We neednt but any _. There are many in the fridge. A. fruit B. meat C. milk D. eggs3. _ the milk into the blender. A. Put B. Pour C. Have D. cut4. _ bread do we need? A. How many B. How much C. How D. What5. He needs _. A. a teaspoon of yourt B. two teaspoon of yogurt C. a teaspoon of yogurts6. Lets make a fruit salad, frist _ three bananas, please. A. peel B. turn on C. mix D. cut7. The meat is too big, lets _ A. cut them up B. cut it up C. cut up them D. cut up it8. There werent _ sharks, but there were _ really smart seals.A. any, some B. some , any C. some , some D. any, any9. Were there any seals in the aquarium? _.A. Yes, there was B. No, there wasnt C. No, there werent D. Yes, there were.10. Tina, What _did you do during the holiday? A. other B. more C. else11. _ the day , all the actors visited the Hope Project School.A. In the end B. In the end of C. at the end of D. by the end of12. It _ me two hours to finish my homework yesterday. A.tookB. takes C.spent D. taked13. Arther is a _ grandfather.A. love B. lovely C. loving14. She majored _science in Peking University. A. at B. on C. in D. with15. The students stop _ when the teacher came in . A. talk B. talking C. talked D. to talk16. _do you play the violin? For five years.A. How often B. How far C. How long D. How soon17. The twin brothers _ in Singapore. A. was born B. were born C. are born D. borned18. How about _ TV at home? A. watch B. watching C. to watch D. watched19. How _your brother _his weekend? A. does, spended B. did, spent C. did spend D. did spended20. What day _yesterday? A. is B. is it C. was it D. were it21. She often watches her son _ his friends. A. play B. to play C. played D. playing with22. He is very tired. He doesnt want to do _. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything23. Its seven oclock in the morning. Its time _ breakfast. A. have B. for have C. to have D. has24.They get up early _ Friday morning. A. in B. on C. at D. /完成句子：1先放三片火鸡片在面包上。Put _ _ _turkey on the crust first.2然后把这些原料混合在一起。Then _ the ingrdeient _.3你认为你们城镇的交通怎么样？ What do you _ _ the transportation in your town?4请接通爆米花机的电源两分钟。Please _ _ the popcorn popper _ two minutes.5我认为， Maria会赢得明天的歌唱比赛。_ _ _, Maria can win tomorrows singing competition.6在Jay的下一个休息日，他不想去兜风。_ Jays next day _ , he doesnt want to go _ a _.7那位老人经常和他的孙子在一起度过空闲时间。The old man often _ all his _ _ _ his grandchild.8在四岁时，他就开始学习手风琴。_ _ _ of four, he began to learn to _ _ accordion.9因为背疼，他停止了踢球。He stopped _ football _ _ his sore back.10去年她参加了世界滑冰锦赛。She _ _ _ the International Skating Chopin Competion last year.用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Most people like to eat _ ( sandwich ) . Theyre really delicious.2. They had fun _( camp ) on the mountains .3. Next you need _ (put ) everything into a blender.4. There is _ ( something ) on TV tonight. Lets go to Jays concert.5. Listen, she _ (hiccup) again. 6. You are never too young _ ( start ) doing things.7. Chopin is a great _ ( piano ) in the world 8. What _ you _ now over there?9. How _ ( be ) your weekend? It was fantastic.10. Last night I _ (study ) math for my exam. 11. These _ ( kid ) are very lovely.12. He is a famous football _ ( play ) . 13. He enjoys _ (watch ) TV very much.14. I must _ ( finish) my homework first.15. Xiamen is a good place _ (have ) fun.Unit 10Unit12重点词组：1上表演课 2成长 3兼职 4在同一时间 5举行艺术展览 6全世界 7把发送到 8学做某事 9组建足球队 10努力工作 11保持健康 12下决心 13举行欢迎会 14洗碗碟 15倒垃圾 16折衣服 17整理床铺 18出去 19洗慰衣服 20邀请某人去 21照看 22向某人请求帮助 23靠近 24在乡镇 25做一个调查 26赢得奖 27在北部 28砍价 重点句型：1. He is going to move to New York. 2Im going to do what I want to do.3I want to be a reporter for a fashion magazine. 4Im going to move somewhere intersting.5Im going to buy a big house with the money. 6.They are going to exercise more to keep fit.7.They want to communicate better with their kids. 8.She found a job as a foreign language teacher.9.I hate to do chores. 10.I like to make breakfast , because I like to cook.11.Dont forget to clean his bed. 12.We need more drinks and snakes.13.It has the friendliest service. 14.Jasons has the best quality clothing.15.We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned.16.My sister Isabel