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Unit 19 Language 语 言,.重点单词聚焦 1The government may fail to meet its t_ of recycling 25% of domestic waste. 答案： target 2Oxford University and Cambridge University r_ each other in many ways. 答案： resemble,3Travelling on the train without a ticket is an_(违法行为) 答案： offence 4Lately there has been a_(趋势) towards hiring younger，cheaper employees. 答案： trend 5To create a_(全国性的) service network is an important task. 答案： nationwide,6We_(真诚地) thank the customers for supporting and trusting our work! 答案： sincerely 7The food supplied is not_(足够的，充分的) for the great need of the local people in Haiti at the moment. 答案： adequate,8_(祝贺)！You have passed your driving test. 答案： Congratulations 9As the wages were low，there were few_(求职者) for the job. 答案： applicants 10While I am away from the company，please do keep me_(通知) of what is happening. 答案： informed,11I was_(尴尬的) by his comments about my clothes. 答案： embarrassed 12He gave me_(清楚的) directions on how to get there. 答案： explicit,.重点短语扫描 1 _ 母语 2 _ 出色；突出 3 _ 取得成功；获得进步 4 _ 依靠；依赖 5_ 采取形式 6 _ 调整以适应 7 _ 通知某人某事,take the form of,rely on,get ahead,stand out,mother tongue,adjust.to.,inform sb.of sth.,8_ 很值得(做)某事 9 _ 学会 10 _ 很久，很长时间 11 _ 就某事向某人祝贺 12 _ 故意地 13 _ 不管；不顾 14 _ 另一方面 15 _ 我肯定,be well worth (doing) sth.,catch on,for ages,congratulate sb.on sth.,on purpose,regardless of,on the other hand,I bet,.课文原句突破 1早在18世纪就有人预测英语将会成为世界语言，而这一预言在最近几十年中得到了证实。 _ _ _as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 答案： It was predicted,2这就意味着教师要通过各种不同的媒介确保对学生有足够量的语言输入。 _ _ _ _ _they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums. 答案： What this means is that,3足够量的语言输入可以以高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。 This can_ _ _ _reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 答案： take the form of,4把你的目标告诉朋友，他们也能给予你鼓励。 _ _ _ _ _ _so they can help motivate you as well. 答案： Inform a friend of your targets,5为了能矢志不渝，你有必要记住为什么在学英语。 _ _ _，you need to keep in mind why you are learning English. 答案： To stay dedicated,6人高兴时跳起来很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示怀疑却不易被人看到。 Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see_a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss. 答案： while,7第三，你们说我如果提前付费的话就可以打折优惠。 Thirdly，you say that there is a discount_ _I pay in advance. 答案： provided that,8据认为有将近一百万升的石油泄漏到海水中。 _ _ _ _ _ _almost a million litres of oil into the sea. 答案： It is believed to have leaked,absence n不存在；缺乏 回归课本P6：However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment. 不管怎样，在缺乏本族语的环境下，把英语当作外语来学是很难的。,In the absence of the manager，Mr Wang will be in charge. 经理不在时，由王先生负责。 He failed in the exam because of his absence of mind. 他因心不在焉而考试不及格。 Tom was absent from school because he was ill. 汤姆因病没去上学。,1.完成句子 (1)The reason why he_(不参加，缺席) his best friends birthday party is that he had to look after his sick mother. (2)Mr Wang will be in charge of the office_(我不在时) 答案： (1)is absent from (2)during my absence,surround vt.& vi.包围，围绕 回归课本P6：Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language，you need to be surrounded by it.,一些备受推崇的关于获取语言的理论相信，要达到一种外语高水平的流利程度和准确性，你需要置身于这种语言环境之中。,As a child，I was surrounded by love and kindness. 幼年时我备受关爱。 She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books. 她坐在地板上，周围都是书。 After being surrounded by the police for several days，the robber had to give in.被警察包围几日后，劫匪不得不投降。,From the top of the hill you can see all the surrounding countryside.从山顶上你可以看到周围的山村。 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 人人喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。,2._by a group of children，the old man was delighted. ASurrounded BSurrounding CTo be surrounded DTo be surrounding 解析： 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，the old man和surround之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。动词不定式一般用来作目的状语。 答案： A,ensure vt.确保，保证 回归课本P6：Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing. 高质量的输入信息才能保证学生高质量的语言输出，不管是说还是写。,All the necessary steps had been taken to ensure their safety. 已采取所有必要措施确保他们的安全。 Every few years，the coal workers have their lungs Xrayed to ensure their health.每隔几年，当地的煤矿工人都要进行X光检查以确保他们的身体健康。,We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way. 我们可以保证把工作做好。 This pill will ensure you a good nights sleep. 这颗药一定会使你晚上睡个好觉。,3.Careful planning and hard work will_our final success. Aenclose Bensure Cassure Dsure 解析： 句意为：精心规划和勤奋工作能确保我们最终成功。enclose表示“把围起来”；assure搭配不对；sure为形容词，不作谓语动词，所以只有B项正确。 答案： B,guarantee vt.保证；担保；n.保证；保证书；抵押品 回归课本P6：Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English. 读前能了解主要新闻内容会确保用英语阅读时更透彻地理解所读新闻。,Technology will guarantee good health and happiness for all! 未来的科技将保证所有人都能拥有健康和幸福！ We will do our best，but I cant guarantee that we will win. 我们会尽力，但我不能保证我们会赢。,This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire. 这项保险保证你在发生火灾时不受金钱上的损失。 Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time？你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？,4.完成句子 (1)Can you_(保证给我一份工作) when I get there？You know，I have to work in order to pay for my schooling. (2)I cant_(保证这项方案有效)，but Ill give it a try. 答案： (1)guarantee me a job (2)guarantee the plan will work,adjust vt.调节；调整；vi.适应 回归课本P6：Watching a favourite DVD，but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well. 观看你最喜爱的一张光盘，但要把你熟悉的部分语言调换成英语。,(1)adjust to适应 adjust (sth./oneself) to sth.使(某物/某人自己)适应某事 (2)adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的 (3)adjustment n调整，调节，适应 make an adjustment作出调整,As a teacher，I must adjust my speech to the age of my students. 作为教师，我必须使得我的讲课适合于学生的年龄。 She found it hard to adjust herself to working at night. 她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。 She adjusted herself very quickly to the heat of the country. 她使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。,5.You cant see through a telescope unless it is correctly_to your sight. Aadapted Badopted Cadjusted Dadded,解析： 四个词极易混淆，adapt表示“使适应”；adopt表示“采用；收养”；add表示“增加”，均不符合语境中的“望远镜被调整好”。只有adjust“调整，调节”符合句意，故选C。 答案： C,6完成句子 It took several seconds for his eyes to_(适应黑暗) 答案： adjust to the dark,inform vt.告知，通知 回归课本P6：Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well. 把你的目标告诉朋友，他们也能给予你鼓励。,I hope you will write me from time to time and inform me of your progress.我希望你常常写信给我，把你的进步告诉我。 We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected. 我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。 Please keep me fully informed of any developments. 事态如有发展，请向我提供详情。,7.The president promised to keep all the board members_of how the negotiations were going on. Ainformed Binform Cbe informed Dinforming,解析： 根据句式结构，空格处应作为all the board members的宾语补足语出现，根据句意，inform与all the board members之间应构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应选择过去分词。 答案： A,8完成句子 我已通知他们会议被取消了。 I_the meeting has been cancelled. 答案： have informed them that,congratulate vt.祝贺 回归课本P10：You would probably think that the father was congratulating his son on doing something well，maybe passing an exam or winning a race. 你可能会认为父亲在祝贺儿子某事做得好，也许是通过考试或者是赢得比赛。,(1)congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.为某事向某人祝贺 (2)congratulation n祝贺 Congratulations！恭喜你！ congratulations to sb.on (doing) sth.为某事向某人祝贺,We congratulated you sincerely on your being accepted by Tsinghua University! 我们真诚祝贺你考入清华大学！ Congratulations on your birthday! 祝你生日快乐！ You really should congratulate yourself on avoiding the danger.你真该为自己避险而庆幸。,辨析：congratulate与celebrate (1)congratulate vt.“祝贺”，常表示口头语言的庆祝，并常用于congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.这一结构中。 (2)celebrate vt.“庆祝”，常指举行一些活动或仪式来庆祝一些有纪念意义的事件或时刻，后面直接带要庆祝的事。 How do people celebrate New Year in your country? 你们国家的人怎样庆祝新年？,巧学串记 The villagers were celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival，and congratulating the new leader on coming into power. 村民们当时正在庆祝端午节，同时祝贺新领导执政。,9.Congratulations_your success.Your performance reminds me_my school life. Afor；about Bon；for Con；of Dfor；of,解析： 考查短语中的介词。第一空处是Congratulations to sb.on sth.为某事祝贺某人；第二空处用动词短语remind sb.of/about sth.。 答案： C,resemble vt.像；与相似 回归课本P10：They might also cross their arms and move in an abrupt way resembling a robot more than a human. 他们也可能交叉双臂，走起路来像机器人一样笨拙，而不像人。,She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character. 她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。 What happens in the film bears little resemblance to what actually happened. 电影里发生的事和现实生活几乎没有相似之处。,10.Soldiers are trained under conditions that closely_real army inspection of PRC on National Day in Beijing. Asimilar Bresemble Clike Dcompare,解析： 句意为：战士们正在北京接受训练，其情形与中华人民共和国国庆阅兵十分相似。空格处应该使用动词，所以首先排除A项，C、D两项不合语意。 答案： B,take the/a form of以的形式出现(存在) 回归课本P6：This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 足够量的语言输入可以以高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。,The training programmes take the form of a series of performances.培训课程采取一系列的表演形式。 The H1N1 flu takes the form of higher fever and sickness for several days. 甲流以高烧并且恶心多日的形式表现出来。 Help in the form of money will be very welcome. 以钱的形式资助将十分受欢迎。,11.完成句子 (1)This is a story told_(以的形式呈现) letters. (2)They were both_ _ _(精神很好) at dinner. 答案： (1)in the form of (2)in good form,12John is not_today；he put up a very poor show in that last match. Ain form Bin control Cin order Din a mess,解析： 句意为：约翰今天竞技状况不佳，在最后那场比赛中打得很不好。in form竞技状况/健康状况良好；in control在控制中；in order有秩序；in a mess混乱不堪，只有A项符合语义要求。 答案： A,get ahead取得进步；获得成功；领先 回归课本P6：In todays world，being able to speak more than one language，including English，is how you stand out and get ahead. 在当今世界，能够说不止一种语言，包括英语，就意味着你是多么出色和多么成功。,Some people get ahead by being lucky. 有些人由于走运而成功。 By working hard，he got ahead of the rest of the class. 通过努力学习，他超越了班上的其他同学。,I wonder if I can use your bike for a while. 我想知道我能否用一会儿你的自行车。 Sure，go ahead.行，可以。 The time here is nine hours ahead of London. 这里的时间比伦敦早9小时。,13.(2011福州质检)The person with a good education finds it easier to_. Aget on Bgo up Cgo ahead Dget ahead 解析： 句意为：受过良好教育的人觉得更容易获得成功。get on相处，进展；go up上升；go ahead可以，进行；get ahead意为“获得成功”，符合句意。 答案： D,catch on学会；理解；变得流行 回归课本P131：The more you hear different accents，the easier it is to catch on. 你听的不同的口音越多，你就越容易理解它(的意思)。,The new dance quickly caught on among the students. 这套新舞蹈很快在学生中流行了起来。 Sometimes I dont catch on to your jokes. 有时我真的无法理解你的笑话。,We should praise those students who have later caught up and made progress. 我们应该表扬那些后来赶上并取得进步的学生。 I suddenly caught sight of her in the crowd. 我突然在人群中看见了她。,14.完成句子 (1)He invented an electric car，but it never really_(流行起来) (2)The salesman scolded_(偷东西被抓住的小女孩) and let her off. 答案： (1)caught on (2)the girl caught stealing,keep to遵守；遵循，按行事；坚持(做某事) 回归课本P9：.we have to keep to the timetable，sir. 先生，我们必须遵守时间表。 He always keeps to his promise. 他总是遵守诺言。,Once having made a plan，you should keep to it. 一旦制订了计划，你就要按计划行事。 Keep to it！You must not stop till the job is finished. 坚持！在工作完成前，你一定不能停下。,15.完成句子 In the sports field，every player should_(遵守规则) 答案： keep to the rules,This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 足够量的语言输入可以以高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。 of the highest quality属“of抽象名词”结构，常在句中作表语。 This question is of importance.This question is important. 这个问题很重要。,Each hour，each minute，each second is of great value for us. Each hour，each minute，each second is very valuable for us. 每小时、每分钟、每一秒对我们都很宝贵。 Mr Smith，my teacher，is of the same opinion. Mr Smith，my teacher，has the same opinion. 史密斯先生，我的老师，也持同样的观点。,16.Youll find this map of great_in helping you to get round London. Aprice Bcost Cvalue Dimportance,解析： 此处为“be of抽象名词”句型。句意为：你会发现当你在伦敦旅游时这张地图大有用处。A、B两项不合句意，D项为不可数名词，意为“重要性”；value为抽象名词，意为“用处，价值”。 答案： C,Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance. 第三，你们说我如果提前付费的话就可以打折优惠。,Provided that its fine tomorrow，Ill go fishing with you. 如果明天天气好，我就和你去钓鱼。 Provided that there is no opposition，we shall hold the meeting here.如果没有人反对，我们就在这里开会。,Suppose flights are fully booked on that daywhich other day could we go? 假定那天的航班都订满了我们还可以在哪天走呢？ Assuming (that) hes still alive，how old would he be now? 假定他还活着，现在有多大年纪了？,17.完成句子 You can use my car_(只要你开车小心) 答案： provided/providing that you drive carefully,Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss. 人高兴时跳起来很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示怀疑却不易被人看到。 此句中的while表示两种不同情况的对比。其用法如下图所示：,Jane was dressed in red while Mary was dressed in blue. 简穿红衣服而玛丽穿蓝衣服。 While I admit that the problems are difficult，I dont agree they cant be solved. 虽然我承认这些问题很难，但我不同意它们不能解决。,Could you help me take care of my cat while Im away? 我不在家时你能帮我照料一下我的猫吗？ There will be life while there is water and air. 只要有水和空气，就会有生命。,18.(2010全国卷)Mary made coffee_her guests were finishing their meal. Aso that Balthough Cwhile Das if,解析： 考查连词的用法。根据句意“当客人快吃完饭的时候，她煮了咖啡”可知C正确。so that以便，为了；although尽管，即使；as if“好似，好像”均不符合题意。 答案： C,19(2009辽宁卷)It just isnt fair_I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach. Awhenever Bthough Cfor DWhile 解析： 考查连词在具体语境中的辨析。while引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”。句意为：上个月当我在做服务员时，我的朋友们躺在沙滩上，我觉得这不公平。 答案： D,.选词填空 catch on；for ages；rely on；stand out；get ahead；on purpos 1The Chinese wonderful customs exist_. 答案： for ages 2Most of people find it necessary to_insurance to deal with accidents. 答案： rely on,3He invented a new game，but it never really_. 答案： caught on 4Did you break the cup_？ No.By accident. 答案： on purpose,5I think you can only_through hard work. 答案： get ahead 6Yao Ming_in the crowd for his height. 答案： stood out,.完成句子 1Youd better_(通知学校办公室变化) of your address. 答案： inform the school office of the change. 2_(祝贺Ghana队的出色表现) of their players，for they are only the third African team to advance into a FIFA World Cup quarterfinal. 答案： Congratulate Ghana on the excellence,3You may keep the book a further week_ (只要没有别人) requires it. 答案： provided that no one else,4How can we_(提高我们的可能性) of career development? 答案： improve our chances 5_(是否可以) for me to check out at 400 pm? 答案： Would it be possible/Is it all right 6_(简单地说)，the new proposals mean that an average worker will be about 10% better paid. 答案： To put it simply,.易错模块 1The disc，digitally_in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night. Arecorded Brecording Cto be recorded Dhaving recorded 解析： 由语境可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，且表示被动和完成，故选A。 答案： A,2Dont use words，expressions or phrases_only to people with specific knowledge. Abeing known Bhaving being known Cto be known Dknown 解析： 这里是过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句which are known.，故用过去分词。 答案： D,3The Town Hall_in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. Ato be completed Bhaving been completed Ccompleted Dbeing completed,解析： 根据句子结构可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，且表示被动和完成，故用过去分词。B项，现在分词的完成式不能作定语；A项，不定式表将来；D项，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，均不符合题意。 答案： C,4“Things_never come again！”I couldnt help talking to myself. Alost Blosing Cto lose Dhaving lost 解析： 根据句子结构可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，排除D；lose与逻辑主语things是动宾关系，故用过去分词。 答案： A,5Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award，a title_to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. Abeing given Bis given Cgiven Dwas given,解析： 根据语境，空格处为定语修饰a title，排除B、D；give与title之间是动宾关系，表示一般情况，不表示正在进行的动作，故用过去分词充当宾语。 答案： C,.语法专练 本单元语法名词性从句 1(2011宁夏银川一中月考)You see，Im poor in maths，you are not good at English，and. Thats_we should help each other. Awhen Bwhere Chow Dwhat,解析： where引导表语从句。下句意为：这正是我们应该互相帮助的地方。其他选项不合题意。 答案： B,2(2010江苏泰兴市期中调研)Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children? No，thats_they are mistaken. Awhere Bwhen Cso Dhow 解析： 考查表语从句。where引导表语从句，表示那就是她们的错误所在。 答案： A,3(2010成都第二次诊断)While traveling in Sichuan，you cant miss_people call “The National Treasure”Giant Panda. Athat Bit Cwhat DWhich 解析： 由语法知识可知，本题中的动词miss后接了一个宾语从句，又由于动词call后需要接双宾语，故选用what在该宾语从句中充当宾语从句中动词call的(直接)宾语。 答案： C,4(2011西城抽样)After ten yearsabsence she came back，only to find her old house was not_it used to be. Awhich Bwhat Cwhen DHow 解析： 考查表语从句的引导词。从句子结构看，该词需要引导表语从句并充当该表语从句中be动词的表语，所以用what。what在此相当于the house that。 答案： B,5(2011东城第一学期检测)It makes his life quite different_a_he has received education abroad. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dhow,解析： 考查连词。it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语，that不可以省略。从句部分主谓宾成分齐全，可以排除B、C；how表方式，不符合语境。 答案： A,练规范、练技能、练速度,练规范、练技能、练速度,课时作业（三十八）,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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