打印版2017年6月大学英语六级真题+答案解析-全三套

1 2017 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题 第 1 套 Part Writing 30 minutes Directions Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university write an essay to state your opinion You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words Part Listening Comprehension 30 minutes 2 Section A Directions In this section you will hear two long conversations At the end of each conversation you will hear four questions Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard 1 A He would feel insulted B He would feel very sad C He would be embarrassed D He would be disappointed 2 A They are worthy of a prize B They are of little value C They make good reading D They need improvement 3 A He seldom writes a book straight through B He writes several books simultaneously C He draws on his real life experiences D He often turns to his wife for help 4 A Writing a book is just like watching a football match B Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers C He likes watching a football match after finishing a book D Unlike a football match there is no end to writing a book Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard 5 A Achievements of black male athletes in college B Financial assistance to black athletes in college C High college dropout rates among black athletes D Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes 6 A They display great talent in every kind of game B They are better at sports than at academic work C They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies D They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree 7 A About 15 B Around 40 C Slightly over 50 D Approximately 70 8 A Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them B College degrees do not count much to them C They have little interest in academic work D Schools do not deem it a serious problem Section B Directions In this section you will hear two passages At the end of each passage you will hear three or four questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard 9 A Marketing strategies B Holiday shopping C Shopping malls D Online stores 10 A About 50 of holiday shoppers B About 20 30 of holiday shoppers C About 136 million D About 183 8 million 11 A They have fewer customers B They find it hard to survive C They are thriving once more D They appeal to elderly customers 12 A Better quality of consumer goods B Higher employment and wages 3 C Greater varieties of commodities D People having more leisure time Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard 13 A They are new species of big insects B They are overprescribed antibiotics C They are life threatening diseases D They are antibiotic resistant bacteria 14 A Antibiotics are now in short supply B Many infections are no longer curable C Large amounts of tax money are wasted D Routine operations have become complex 15 A Facilities B Expertise C Money D Publicity Section C Directions In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions The recordings will be played only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B CJ and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard 16 A It is accessible only to the talented B It improves students ability to think C It starts a lifelong learning process D It gives birth to many eminent scholars 17 A They encourage academic democracy B They promote globalization C They uphold the presidents authority D They protect students rights 18 A His thirst for knowledge B His eagerness to find a job C His contempt for authority D His potential for leadership Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard 19 A Few people know how to retrieve information properly B People can enhance their memory with a few tricks C Most people have a rather poor long term memory D People tend to underestimate their mental powers 20 A They present the states in a surprisingly different order B They include more or less the same number of states C They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas D They contain names of the most familiar states 21 A Focusing on what is likely to be tested B Having a good sleep the night before C Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place D Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers 22 A Discover when you can learn best B Change your time of study daily B Give yourself a double bonus afterwards D Follow the example of a marathon runner Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard 23 A He is a politician B He is a businessman C He is a sociologist D He is an economist 24 A In slums B In Africa C In pre industrial societies D In developing countries 4 25 A They have no access to health care let alone entertainment or recreation B Their income is less than 50 of the national average family income C They work extra hours to have their basic needs met D Their children cannot afford to go to private schools Part III Reading Comprehension 40 minutes Section A Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage Let s all stop judging people who talk to themselves New research says that those who can t seem to keep their inner monologues 独 白 in are actually more likely to stay on task remain 26 better and show improved perception capabilities Not bad really for some extra muttering According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley the act of using verbal clues to 27 mental pictures helps people function quicker In one experiment they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked them to find just one of those a banana Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips 30 Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn t the researchers say In other experiments Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone s pace but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn although doing so when you ve 32 matured is not a great sign of 33 The two professors hope to refute that idea 34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate but also to help augment thinking Of course you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and whatever you do keep the information you share simple like a grocery list At any 35 there s still such a thing as too much information Section B Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently A The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before B Well off families are ruled by calendars with children enrolled in ballet soccer and after school programs according to a new Pew Research Center survey There are usually two parents who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules C In poor families meanwhile children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren t great for raising children and their parents worry about them getting shot beaten up or in trouble with the law D The class differences in child rearing are growing a symptom of widening inequality with far reaching consequences Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions especially because education is strongly linked to earnings Children grow up 5 learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum 阶层 but not necessarily others E Early childhood experiences can be very consequential for children s long term social emotional and cognitive development said Sean Reardon professor of poverty and inequality in education at Stanford University And because those influence educational success and later earnings early childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow The cycle continues Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children which can leave children less prepared for school and work which leads to lower earnings F American parents want similar things for their children the Pew report and past research have found for them to be healthy and happy honest and ethical caring and compassionate There is no best parenting style or philosophy researchers say and across income groups 92 of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children Yet they are doing it quite differently Middle class and higher income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation says Annette Lareau whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods Class Race and Family Life They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions G Working class parents meanwhile believe their children will naturally thrive and give them far greater independence and time for free play They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults There are benefits to both approaches Working class children are happier more independent complain less and are closer with family members Ms Lareau found Higher income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems Yet later on the more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class while working class children tend to struggle Children from higher income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces Ms Lareau said H Do all parents want the most success for their children Absolutely she said Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions Probably they do Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity No I really doubt it I Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school events Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey which was of a nationally representative sample of 1 807 parents Of families earning more than 75 000 a year 84 say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year 64 have done volunteer work and 62 have taken lessons in music dance or art Of families earning less than 30 000 59 of children have done sports 37 have volunteered and 41 have taken arts classes J Especially in affluent families children start young Nearly half of high earning college graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5 compared with one fifth of low income less educated parents Nonetheless 20 of well off parents say their children s schedules are too hectic compared with 8 of poorer parents K Another example is reading aloud which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school 71 of parents with a college degree say they do it every day compared with 33 of those with a high school diploma or less White parents are more likely than others to read to their children daily as are married parents Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool or day care while low income parents are more likely to depend on family members Discipline techniques vary by education level 8 of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children compared with 22 of those with a high school degree or less L The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties Interestingly parents attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children s grades as long as they work hard But 50 of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree compared with 39 of wealthier parents M Less educated parents and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child s education Parents who are white wealthy or college educated say too much involvement can be bad Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances High earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children While bullying is parents greatest concern over all nearly half of low income parents worry their child will get shot compared with one fifth of high income parents They are more worried about their children being depressed or anxious N In the Pew survey middle class families earning between 30 000 and 75 000 a year fell right between working class and high earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising 6 children participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children s education O Children were not always raised so differently The achievement gap between children from high and low income families is 30 40 larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier according to Mr Reardon s research People used to live near people of different income levels neighborhoods are now more segregated by income More than a quarter of children live in single parent households a historic high according to Pew 一 and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married parents Meanwhile growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle class wage P Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink In the past decade even as income inequality has grown some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting like reading to children and going to libraries have narrowed Q Public policies aimed at young children have helped including public preschool programs and reading initiatives Addressing differences in the earliest years it seems could reduce inequality in the next generation 36 Working class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults 37 American parents whether rich or poor have similar expectations of their children despite different ways of parenting 38 While rich parents are more concerned with their children s psychological well being poor parents are more worried about their children s safety 39 The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality 40 Parenting approaches of working class and affluent families both have advantages 41 Higher income families and working class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods 42 Physical punishment is used much less by well educated parents 43 Ms Lareau doesn t believe participating in fewer after class activities will negatively affect children s development 44 Wealthy parents are concerned about their children s mental health and busy schedules 45 Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years Section C Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage Tennessee s technical and community colleges will not outsource 外包 management of their facilities to a private company a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state Morgan said those findings which included data from the system s 13 community colleges 27 technical colleges and six universities were part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money While these numbers are still being validated by the state we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial Morgan wrote to the presidents System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative Worker s advocates have criticized Haslam s plan saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan which has not been finalized Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week That letter which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis In an email statement from the state s Office of Customer Focused Government which is examining the possibility of outsourcing spokeswoman Michelle R Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a business justification the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of 7 an outsourcing plan The state s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February Martin said At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed Morgan s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam s plans for higher education in Tennessee Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them In his resignation letter Morgan called the reorganization unworkable 46 What do we learn about the decision of technical and communi