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Module 5 A Lesson in a lab,必修一,学时1高频单词,学时2 重点短语,学时3 经典句型,学时4 语法讲练,晨咏品韵熟背佳作,(2010年高考全国卷) 假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。,英语演讲比赛 主题：人与自然 时间：6月15日下午200500 地点：501教室 参赛选手：10名学生 联系人：李华(电话44876655) 欢迎大家光临,注意：词数100左右。 Dear Ms. Smith， _ _ _ With best wishes， Li Hua,(书信类) Dear_Ms._Smith， Im Li Hua, the chair of the Students Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university: Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 200 pm and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”.,We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions. Im looking forward to your reply. With_best_wishes， Li_Hua,走进教材刨根问底儿,学时1 高频单词,自主学习 写一写 1electricity n电 2conclusion n结论 3equipment n设备；装备 4boil vt.煮；煮沸 5lecture n演讲,拓一拓 1expand vi.膨胀expansion n扩大；膨胀 2mixture n混合物mix vt.混合 3aim n. & v目标；以为目标aimless adj.漫无目的的 4react vi.(化学)反应reaction n反应,5balance n天平；平衡balanced adj.平衡的 6astonished adj.吃惊的；惊愕的astonishing adj.令人吃惊的astonish vt.使吃惊astonishment n惊奇,填一填 1After taking the medicine, please drink more boiled(煮沸的) water. 2As a child he aimed(目标在于) to earn more money to cure his mother of lung cancer. 3In order to prevent the disease, we should form(形成) good health habits.,4Can you see a boat floating(漂浮) in the water? 5We have bought a lot of latest equipment(设备；装备),师生互动 考点1 conclusion n结论；结束；协议 【课文如是】 conclusion(教材P44) conclusion作“结束，结尾”讲时常用单数，用作“结论”讲时为可数名词，用作“协议，缔结”讲时为不可数名词。,draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论 make a conclusion 下结论 bring.to a conclusion 使结束 in conclusion 最后，作为结论地；总之 conclude v. 断定，结束 conclude with. 以结束,【从容应对】 (1)你从证据中得到了什么结论？ _ _ do you draw from the evidence? 答案：What conclusion (2)最后，我祝大家健康长寿。 _ conclusion, I wish all of you good health and a long life. 答案：In,考点2 react v回应，起作用，起反应 【课文如是】 Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxygen and water? 表格中的金属哪一个与氧气和水反应最厉害？(教材P44),reaction n 反应 react to 对作出反应 react with 与起(化学)反应 react against 反对；反抗 react on/upon 对有影响,【从容应对】 改错： (1)The public reacted strongly for the news. 答案：forto (2)Applause can react greatly to a speaker. 答案：toon/upon,考点3 aim v. & n瞄准，目的，目标,take aim at 瞄准，对准；致力于 achieve/attain ones aim 达到目的 miss ones aim 打不中目标；达不到目的 aim at 瞄准，对准；目的在于 be aimed at 针对；目的是；旨在 aim at doing sth.aim to do sth. 致力于/打算做某事,【从容应对】 (1)目标中所有的事现在都实现了。 Everything _ _ has now been achieved. 答案：aimed at,(2)这场反吸烟运动主要是针对青少年的。 The antismoking campaign _ mainly _ _ teenagers. 答案：is; aimed at,考点4 ordinary adj.普通的，平常的 【课文如是】 The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water. 在有普通水的试管里的铁钉生锈。(教材P45),ordinarylooking 相貌平平的；长相普通的 in the ordinary way 在一般情况下；通常 out of the ordinary way 特殊的；例外的； 不寻 常的,【比较网站】 ordinary, common, usual, normal (1)ordinary普通的；平常的；平凡的。指在标准上与一般物质相同，强调“平常”而无奇特之处。 (2)common常见的；普通的；共存的。指许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”。,(3)usual通常的；惯常的；惯例的。指依照惯例来判断有“遵循常规”之意。 (4)normal正常的；合乎标准的。指人或物符合常态或常规。,【从容应对】 用ordinary, usual, common, normal填空： (1)He is out of the _ among the children. 答案：ordinary (2)The plants are _ here. 答案：common,(3)It is _ for him to go back home late. 答案：usual (4)His temperature was two degrees above _. 答案：normal,【又见高考】 (2010福建高考)Drunk driving, which was once a _ occurrence, is now under control. A. general B. frequent C. normal D. particular 答案：B,考查形容词。句意：酒后驾车在过去曾经是经常发生的事情，现在已经被控制住了。general“普遍的，全面的；总体的，整体的”；frequent“时常发生的，常见的”；normal“正常的”；particular“特殊的，特别的，特有的”。故选B项。,对点训练 1Jack is late again. It is _ of him to keep others waiting. A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical 答案：D,句意：杰克又迟到了。让别人等他是他典型的特点。typical典型的；normal正常的，正规的；ordinary普通的，平常的；common共同的；常见的。从of him断定是说Jack的品行，只有typical符合题意。,2(2009山东威海质检)_， Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying in your beautiful country. A. To conclude B. To conclude C. In conclusion D. As conclusion 答案：C 句意：最后，我想说我非常愿意待在你们这个美丽的国家。,3You should read the _ carefully before you sign it. A. contrast B. contact C. contract D. conflict 答案：C 考查词义辨析。A“比对”，B“接触”，C“合同”，D“冲突”，故选C。“签合同前你该认真读合同内容”。,4David _ from the analysis of the traffic accident that it had been caused by human error. A. announced B. acknowledged C. concluded D. considered 答案：C 考查动词辨析。A“宣布”，B“承认”，C“推论”，D“认为”，“他从交通事故中推出结论，这是由人为的过错引起的”，故选C。,5The football player reacted _ the judges decision by withdrawing from the match. A. on B. to C. against D. by 答案：C 考查动词词组，react against“反对”。,学时2 重点短语,自主学习 写一写 1react_with 与反应 2put.in_order 使整齐，使有条理 3do/make_an_experiment 做实验 4keep.out_of 防止进入 5follow_ones_instructions 听从某人的指导 6in_the_area_of 在领域,填一填 1Please add some salt to(往加入) the soup. 2We got on the bus in turn(依次地) 3The teacher is proud of(以而自豪) us. 4The new laws are supposed to(认为应该) prevent crime.,师生互动 考点1 add.to往加入 【课文如是】 Add some oil to the water. 往水中加一些油。(教材P45),add to 增添，增加 add in 包括；计算在内 add up sth.add sth. up 合计；加起来 add up to 总计；总共 add that 又补充道,【从容应对】 用add及其短语的适当形式填空： (1)The trees planted after the war _ _ the beauty of the city. 答案：added to (2)This is not only necessary, but it also _ variety _ our teaching. 答案：adds; to,(3)His whole school education _ _ _ no more than one year. 答案：added up to,考点2 keep.out of防止进入，不让靠近 【课文如是】 This will keep air out of the water. 这样就使得空气不能进入水中。(教材P45),keep out 当心，(使)留在外面 keep (sb.) away (from sth.) 使(某人)离开(某物) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 keep back阻止，抑制；留(扣)下；忍住(眼泪)；隐瞒 keep sth. in mind 记住(某事物) keep in touch with 与保持联系 keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 keep off 远离，避开，让开 keep up 保持，维持 keep up with 跟上，不落在后面,从容应对】 (1)你最好不要卷入别人的纠纷中去。 Youd better _ yourself _ _ other peoples quarrels. 答案：keep; out of,(2)他恳求警察不要在报纸上披露他的名字。 He begged the police to _ his name _ _ the papers. 答案：keep; out of,【又见高考】 (2010福建高考)Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets _ it. A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to 答案：C,考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们刚搬进一座大点儿的房子里，有很多事情要做。咱们赶快着手去做吧。keep up with“跟上，不落后”；do away with“废除，消灭，去掉”；get down to“开始认真处理，对待”；look forward to“期望，盼望”。故选C项。,考点3 used to(过去)常常 【课文如是】 I never used to enjoy science, but last year I changed schools, and the science teachers at my new school are excellent. 我过去从未喜欢过理科，但是去年我转学了，我新学校的理科教师都非常优秀。(教材P49),be used to do被用来做 be used to doing习惯于 (1)used to表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，暗 含现在不再这样。 (2)used to的否定式有两种，即：used not to do和did not use to do。疑问式也有两种，即：Used主语to do.？和 Did主语use to do.？ get used to doing习惯于 get used to sth.习惯于 be used as被用作,【比较网站】 used to, would 二者均含有过去常做某事的意义。前者暗含与现在情况的比较，强调现在不那样了；后者单纯指过去常做某事，不含与现在比较的意思。,【从容应对】 (1)过去他是一名医生，但现在他是一名作家。 He _ _ be a doctor, but now a writer. 答案：used to,(2)幼时我经常坐在我家房前的大树下。 I _ sit under a big tree in front of my house as a boy. 答案：would,考点4 be supposed to应当，理应 【课文如是】 I am going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University, as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments. 我要尽量去上蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所学校都有很好的物理系。(教材P49),(1)suppose作及物动词，意为“认为，想”。后可接从句， 还可接不定式的复合结构。 作及物动词时，意为“假定，设想”，有时还可用来提出建 议，表示“怎么样”，多用于祈使句，后面的从句多用虚拟 语气形式should do，有时should可以省略。 (2)be supposed to do表示“应该，应当”。不定式有时可 用完成时或进行时。 (3)suppose/supposing引起条件状语从句，相当于if的 作用，意为“如果，假设”。,It is supposed that.认为,【从容应对】 (1)坐车时每个人都应该系安全带。 Everyone _ _ _ wear a seat belt in the car. 答案：is supposed to,(2)一般都认为此事不会再发生。 _ _ generally _ _ it would not happen again. 答案：It was; supposed that,对点训练 1Travel can not only relax us from the pressure of work for a while but _ our knowledge of the world. A. bring out B. add to C. add up to D. increase to 答案：B,考查动词词组。add to our knowledge of the world意思是“增加我们对世界的了解”。add to“增加，加大”，符合语意。bring about“导致，引起”，add up to“总计”，increase to“(数量)增加到”，均不符合语意。,2In my opinion, life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than _. A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be 答案：D 表示“过去常常”用used to do.，并且本题中动词原形be不能省略。,3The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending 答案：A be supposed to do sth.表示“理应做某事”，是习惯搭配，而且send与the message之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故须用被动语态形式。,4I warned Bill to _ trouble while Im away. A. keep out of B. keep out C. keep away D. keep back 答案：A 句意：我警告比尔，在我外出时不要惹麻烦。keep out of“不要惹，避开”；keep out“不让入内，挡住”；keep away“站开，离开”；keep back“阻止，隐瞒，扣留”。,5In the evening the car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain _ the helplessness of the girl driver on the country road. A. resulted from B. made up C. turned out D. added to 答案：D A“由于”；B“组成，编造”；C“证明是”；D“增加”。“大雨增添了无助”，故选D。,学时3 经典句型,自主学习 句型填空 1It is difficult to finish the task in such a short period of time. 在这么短的时间内完成任务很困难。 2Here comes the bus. Lets hurry! 车来了，我们快点！,师生互动 考点1 It isadj.to do sth. 【课文如是】 It is hard to think of a world without metals. 很难想像一个没有金属的世界。(教材P44) it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to think of.，构成It is/wasadj.to do sth.的结构。,(1)It beadj.for sb. to do sth.对某人来说干某事是 的。(其中的形容词用来说明不定式to do sth.的性质 和特点) It beadj.of sb. to do sth.干某事对某人来说是 的。(其中的形容词用来说明sb.的性格、品行或性质) (2)It beadj./n.thatclause It be no good/use doing sth.,【从容应对】 改错： (1)It is necessary of you to go there. 答案：offor (2)It was foolish for you to do such a thing. 答案：forof (3)It is no use to quarrel with him. 答案：to quarrelquarrelling,【又见高考】 (2010浙江高考)It is uncertain_side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 答案：B,考查主语从句，“It isadj.从句”结构。句意：尽管大约有两千名病人已经服用了这种药物，但是它会产生什么样的副作用现在还不能确定。根据句意可知应该选择B项引导主语从句，what在这里实际上是作为形容词来修饰后面的“side effect(副作用)”。,考点2 here开头的倒装句 【课文如是】 Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top. 这儿有一张图表，那些反应最强烈的金属在最上面(教材P44),这是一个倒装句，正常语序是：A table with.is here.在 学习的过程中我们要注意： (1)在there， here引导的句子中，谓语动词是be， exist 等表示状态的不及物动词时，句子要全部倒装。 (2)在there， here， now， then， thus等开头的句子里，谓 语动词是come， go， follow等且主语是名词时，句子要全部倒 装。 (3)在here， there引导的句子中，当主语是代词时，不倒 装，且此类句子不用进行时。,【从容应对】 (1)快，公共汽车来了。准备好钱了吗？ Quick, _ _ _ _. Have you got the right money? 答案：here comes the bus,(2)她在这儿呢，藏在帘子后面。 Here _ _， hiding behind the curtains. 答案：she is,【又见高考】 (2010江苏高考)Is everyone here? Not yet.Look, there _ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 答案：A,考查倒装语序。当表示方位的副词there, here, away, out, in, down, up等位于句首，谓语是不及物动词sit, lie, live, stand, run, come, go等，主语又是名词时，常用完全倒装的形式。由于该句主语the rest指代guests是复数，所以应选A项。,对点训练 1(2010陕西高考)John opened the door. There _ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 答案：D,考查倒装句。句意：约翰打开门，看到门外站着一个他以前从未见过的女孩。当表示方位的副词there, here, away, out, in, down, up等位于句首，并且谓语动词是不及物动词sit, live, stand, run, come, go等，主语为名词时，常用完全倒装的形式。此句正常语序为“A girl he had never seen before stood there.”。故D项正确。,2(2009天津高考)It is obvious to the students_they should get well prepared for their future. A. As B. which C. whether D. that 答案：D,句意：学生们都很清楚他们应该为他们的将来做好准备。题中it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。that在名词性从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。,3_ is not necessary for you to have told her about the bad news. A. Three B. It C. That D. This 答案：B It isadj.for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主语。,4There _ a tall pine tree at the top of the hill. A. stand B. stands C. is standing D. does stand 答案：B 句意：山顶上有一棵高高的松树。there, here等副词位于句首，且句子的主语为名词时用倒装。句子的时态多用一般现在时或一般过去时。,学时4 语法讲练,师生互动 形容词和副词比较级的用法 1表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级than”的结构表示。 This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这张图片比那一张更好看。,模块语法：形容词和副词的比较级,2表示一方不及另一方时，用“less原级than”结构表示。 This car is less expensive than that one. 这辆轿车不如那辆昂贵。,3可修饰比较级的词：rather, any, a great deal, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, far, yet, by far等。 This problem is a bit harder than that one. 这个问题比那一个难。,4表示一方随另一方的程度变化而变化时，用“the比较级，the比较级”结构，意为“越就越”。 The harder you study, the more progress youll make. 你越努力，取得的进步就越大。,5表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级and比较级”结构。 The weather is getting colder and colder. 天气越来越冷了。,对点训练 1(2010全国)Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 答案：B,考查形容词的用法。根据主句的意思“Mr. Black非常高兴”可知，他们厂生产的服装应该是“很受欢迎的”，否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用表示最高级的概念。,2(2010江西高考)Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _ and more _， have reduced the need for facetoface communications. A. easily; efficient B. easier; efficient C. easy; efficiently D. easily; efficiently 答案：B,考查形容词。句意：计算机和电脑虽然的确在使我们的生活变得更便捷更高效但这些东西已减少了面对面交流的需要了。make our life easier and more efficient使我们的生活更便捷更高效。reduce the need for减少的需要。,3Internet is a useful tool in our daily life, but it shouldnt take the place of our _ life. A. original B. natural C. exact D. real 答案：D 考查形容词辨析。网络在我们的日常生活中是一个有用的工具，但它不能代替我们真实的生活。real“真实的，真正的”，符合语意。,4Grain eaten by country people is _ the fruit and vegetables they eat. A. the twice weight of B. twice the weight of C. as twice heavy as D. twice as heavier as 答案：B 考查倍数表达法。语意：乡下人所吃的粮食是他们所吃水果和蔬菜的两倍之多。表示两倍之多(重)可用“twice as heavy as.”或“twice the weight of.”结构。,5Youre driving too fast. Can you drive _？ A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit 答案：C,此题考查形容词和副词比较级的用法。形容词或副词的比较级可以用a bit, a little, a lot, far, even, still, any, much等来修饰，且slowly的比较级形式是在其前加more，所以答案为C项。,整合教材走向成熟,.词汇运用 1I have nothing to _(补充) to my earlier statement. 答案：add 2It was a campaign with the _(目标) of helping victims of crime. 答案：aim,3The sea is very big. It covers _ _(四分之三) of the globe. 答案：three quarters 4How did he _(反应) your suggestion? 答案：react to 5According to expert opinions, they gave up the _(试验) immediately. 答案：experiment,.短语运用 1You _ ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 答案：are supposed to,used to， aimed at， add up to， keep out of， put.in order， keep ones balance， be supposed to(有两个选项为多余选项),3All the money I had _ no more than one hundered dollars. 答案：added up to 4Books should _ again after you have finished reading them. 答案：be put in order,5Life now is much better than it _ be. 答案：used to,.易错补练 1It is not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over. A. since B. what C. When D. whether 答案：D,这是it作形式主语的名词性从句。句意为：金融危机是否会很快结束不会立刻明朗的。若主语从句中去掉soon，也可以选C项，即“金融危机什么时候会结束”；what在从句中没法与其他成分搭配；since自从以来，不合句意。,2My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _ expensive. A. as B. so C. too D. very 答案：A but分句实际上是一个省略句，补充完整为：but it is twice as expensive as ours。,3Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _. A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief 答案：D,away置于句首且主语是名词时，句子应用全部倒装语序。A项不是完整的句子；B项倒装语序不正确；C项是正常语序，此三项可排除。 4Life isnt so easy here as it _ be. A. was used to B. used to C. was to D. use to 答案：B 指过去用used to。,5I _ with all the windows closed now. A. am used to sleep B. am used to sleeping C. used to sleeping D. used to sleep 答案：B be used to doing sth.“习惯做”，根据句意知“现在习惯于关窗睡觉”，故选B。,.语法专练 1(2010北京朝阳统考)With the speedup of the railway, now you can get to your destination _ by train. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 答案：B,句意：由于火车的提速，现在你可以更快地到达目的地。根据题中“with the speedup of the railway”可知，题中隐含现在与过去的对比，所以应该用副词fast的比较级，答案为B项。,2(2010重庆南开中学月考)The weather isnt good enough for an outing, is it? Not in the least. We cant have _ at this time of the year. A. a nicer day B. a worse day C. a worst day D. so fine a day 答案：B,此题考查用形容词比较级的形式表达最高级概念的用法。题中“not in the least”相当于“not at all”，意思是“一点也不，根本不”，由此可知说话人的意思是说天气不好，所以应该排除A项和D项；此外，题中是将今天的天气和过去的任何一天的天气作比较，所以应该用比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义，所以答案为B项。,3(2009北京东城期末)After two years careful study, we now have a _ better understanding of the cause of the problem. A. very B. much C. fairly D. quite 答案：B,句意：经过两年的仔细研究，现在我们对这个问题的起因有了一个更好的了解。形容词和副词的比较级前可用一些副词来修饰，如：much, far, still, even, a little等，所以答案为B项，其他选项只能用来修饰形容词或副词的原形。题中用到的短语为have a good understanding of.，意思是“对熟知或了解”。,4(2010上海金山中学一模)The boy can speak English _ his elder brother, and his written work is just _ excellent. A. as good as; than B. as easy as; than C. as well as; as D. as fluent as; as 答案：C,此题考查的结构为：as形容词/副词(原级)as。第一空需要副词修饰动词speak，所以用well；题中后半句省略了“as his”，答案为C项。,5(2010四川成都七中诊断)Boys are supposed to have at least a high school education to adapt to the present society, and the more college courses they have, _. A. the better B. the worse C. the less D. the fewer 答案：A,根据题干可知此处要表达的意思是，孩子们大学里学的课程越多越好，所以应该选择A项。此题考查固定结构“the形容词或副词的比较级，the形容词或副词的比较级”，表示“越越”。,走出教材对接高考,课时作业（五）,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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