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1 Alliteration (头韵)Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound within a line or a group of words.头韵：在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复。2. Ballad (民谣)A narrative poem, often of folk origin and intended to be sung3 Ballad Stanza (民谣诗节)A type of four-line stanza, the first and the third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses.3 Autobiography (自传)A persons account of his or her own life.4. Biography (传记)A detailed account of a persons life written by another person.传记：由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。5. Classicism (古典主义)A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome.古典主义：一种在文学，艺术，音乐领域体现古代希腊，罗马风格的运动。6. Comedy (喜剧)A dramatic work that is often humorous or satirical in tone and usually contains a happy resolution of the thematic conflict.喜剧：轻松的和常有幽默感的或在调子上是讽刺的戏剧作品，常包括主题冲突的愉快解决7. Conflict (冲突)A struggle between two opposing forces or characters in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem.冲突：故事，小说，戏剧中相对的力量和人物之间的对立。8. Couplet (双韵体)A unit of verse consisting of two successive lines, usually rhyming and having the same meter and often forming a complete thought or syntactic unit.双韵体：包括两个相连的诗行的一种诗的单位，通常压韵并具有同样的格律，经常组成一个完整的意思和句法单位9.Heroic couplet (英雄双韵体)A couplet written in iambic pentameter is called a heroic couplet.英雄双韵体：五步抑扬格的双韵体称英雄双韵体。10. Essay (散文)A short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author.散文：内容通常论及一个主题的短小文章，通常表达作者个人的观点11. Figure of Speech (比喻)A word or an expression that is not meant to be interpreted in literal sense.比喻：不能直接按照字面意义理解的词语或表述方法。12. Flashback(倒叙)A literary device in which an earlier event is inserted into a narrative.倒叙，闪回镜头：一种文学或电影的表现手法，往往在一段按正常时间顺序记叙的叙事中插入一件以前发生过的事情13. Free verse (自由诗体)Verses that has neither a metrical pattern or an regular pattern.自由诗体:既不具格式韵律又不具常规格律的诗体14. Iambic pentameter (五步抑扬格)A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb-that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.五步抑扬格:一种诗句形式，每行诗句包含五个抑扬格音步。15. Imagery(意象)Words or phrases that create pictures, or images, in readers mind.意象：用来在读者的思维中唤起某种图示或形象的词汇。16. Lyric (抒情诗)A poem, usually a short one, that expresses a speakers personal thoughts or feelings.抒情诗：一种用来抒发作者感情或思想的短诗。17.Narrative Poem (叙事诗)A poem that tells a story.叙事诗：讲述一个故事的诗歌。18. Naturalism (自然主义)The practice of describing precisely the actual circumstances of human life in literature, it is the extreme form of realism.自然主义：在文学中精确地描述人类现实环境的实践,现实主义的最高表现形式。19. Neoclassicism (新古典主义)A revival in literature in the late 17th and 18th centuries, characterized by a regard for the classical ideals of reason, form, and restraint styles.新古典主义：17、18世纪晚期的文学复兴，以尊重古代典型的推理形式和严谨文体为特征20. Novel (小说)A book length fictional prose narrative, having many characters and often a complex plot.小说：虚构的叙述性文章，有一定长度，较多的人物，和思想复杂的情节。21 Octave (八行诗)An eight-line poem or stanza.22. Pastoral (田园诗)A kind of poem, that deals in an idealized way with shepherds and rustic life.田园诗：一种用理想的手法来体现牧羊人的乡村生活的诗歌。23. Plot (情节)The plan of events or main story in a novel, narrative or drama.情节：在小说，故事,或戏剧中事件的概要或主要故事.24. Quatrain (四行诗)A stanza or poem of four lines.25. Realism (现实主义)The representation in art or literature of objects, actions, or social conditions as they actually are, without idealization or presentation in abstract form.现实主义：在艺术或文学中将事物，行为或社会状况按其起初情况进行的表现，而不用模糊的形式来表现或理想化26. Rhyme (压韵)The repetition of sounds in two or more words or phrases that appear close to each other in a poem.压韵：音在两个或两个以上的词汇或短语中的重复。27. Rhythm (格律)The arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables into a pattern.重读音节和非重读音节的固定排列模式。28. Romanticism (浪漫主义)An artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century which emphasis on the individuals expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism.浪漫主义：起源于18世纪末期欧洲的一种注重个人情感和想象力的表达的艺术和知识上的运动，它与古典主义的观点和形式相悖.29. Sonnet (十四行诗)A 14-line verse form usually written in iambic pentameter.十四行诗：一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式，通常以五步抑扬格为押韵形式。108. Spenserian Stanza (斯宾塞诗体)A nine line stanza with the following rhyme scheme ababbcbcc.30. Stream of consciousness (意识流)The style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a characters thoughts, feelings reflections, and mental images as the character experiences them.意识流：一种模仿作品中人物思想，思维，精神活动的自然过程的写作技巧。31. Symbolism (象征主义)A literary movement in the late19th century, characterized by the use of symbols to represent things.象征主义：十九世纪的一种文学潮流，运用象征来体现事物。32. Theme (主题)The general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express in a literary work.作者在作品中表现的对于生活的总的观点或看法。33. Tragedy (悲剧)In general, a literary work in which the protagonist meets an unhappy or disastrous end.悲剧：以主人公可悲的或灾难性的结局结束的故事。34. Alliteration (头韵)In language, alliteration refers to the repetition of a particular sound in the first syllables of a series of words or phrases.35. Blank verseBlank verse is poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. It has been described as probably the most common and influential form that English poetry has taken since the sixteenth century” and Paul Fussell has claimed that about three-quarters of all English poetry is in blank verse.
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