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The meeting will until 3:00. 2. Work hard, you will succeed. 3.I have a brother, who is a doctor.一）基础知识：句子的基本成分和结构句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。1） 英语的句子成分：一） 主语：Walls have ears. ( ) He will take you to the hospital. （ ）Three plus four equals seven. （ ）To see is to believe. （ ）Smoking is not allowed in public places. （ ）Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. （ ）二）谓语动词由_担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。 Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. 三）表语 它的位置在_之后。是用来说明主语的_,_, _的.My father is a professor. ( ) Whos that? Its me. ( ) Everything here is expensive. ( )The match became very exciting.( ) The story of my life may be of help to others.( )Three times five is fifteen. ( ) His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( )（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在_之后。_词后也会跟宾语。 She covered her face with her hands.( ) We havent seen her for a long time. ( ) Do you mind opening the window? ( ) Give me four please. ( ) He wants to dream a nice dream. ( ) We need to know what others are doing. ( ) We should care more about our friends. ( )（五）定语 是修饰_词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_。They are woman workers. （ ） Toms father didnt write home until yesterday. （ ）Mary is a beautiful girl. （ ） The play has three acts. ( )This is her first trip to Europe. ( ) China is a developing country. ( )I have nothing to eat. ( )Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. ( )六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。 The best fish swim near the bottom. ( ) I left the village five years ago. ( ) I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( ) Well send a car to fetch you. ( ) The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( ) The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( ) If he goes, so will I . ( ) Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( ) 七）宾语补足语英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成_。 They elected me captain of the team. ( ) We try to make our country strong. ( ) We found everything in good order there. ( ) I should advise you to get the chance. ( ) I saw him going upstairs. ( ) 八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语 I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong.2）简单句的五种基本句型1主语 + 系动词 + 表语1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways. 主语 系动词 表语2）The city will become rich.主语 系动词 表语在这类结构中最常用的系动词是： “变化”类：_. “感官”类: _. “持续”类：_. 其他：（似乎）_ _ (证明是)_你的故事听起来很有趣。_.把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。_.这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。_.这个计划证明是可行的。_.2主语 + 谓语1）Building has started. 主语 谓语2）The train leaves at 7:40.主语 谓语_搭配：The teacher teaches well. The child walks very slowly._搭配：The girl looked at the picture. The children ran to the forest.我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴. _主语 + 谓语 + 宾语1）The boss employed five more workers.主语 谓语 宾语 2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.3）Few students like taking exams.4）He forgot to close the door.5）I hope I can speak English fluently. 他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。_.他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。_.他许诺给我一个礼物。_.4主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语1）He has fetched us some new textbooks.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject. 4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask, answer, give, offer, send, bring, pass, tell, show, teach, promise 顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？_.下学期谁教你们生物？_.Mr. White告诉我为什么他要出国。_. 5主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语1）The villagers didnt allow them to do this.主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 2）I will keep the box in the shade. 3）We found him a very good pupil. 4）She let me stay in the company. 5）We kept the room clean. 6）We heard the girl singing the song. 7）He had his hair cut short. 该句型中的“宾语 + 宾语补足语”又叫做“_” 他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。_. 我建议他多读点书。_. 他修了机器。_. 我们选他当班长。_.二）练习练习1 : 翻译下列简单句1.1939年爆发了第二次世界大战.2.一天, 她高兴地走进我的房间.3.一轮红日从东方升起.4.张飞在三年级六班.5.那个故事听起来很有趣.6.老师好像对我的工作很满意.7.早起对人的身体有益.8.胡姗姗读过这本书多次了9.我还没决定去还是不去.10.周兰借给我一些钱.11.这件晚礼服花了她四十美元.12.王小明常常在课堂上问老师许多问题.13.同学们把课室保持得干干净净.14.我们注意到有许多人站在学校大门口.15.我找人把自行车修好了.16.你不应该让他一个人去那儿.17.精通一门外语外语是很难的。18. 我们学习一些学习方法是有必要的。19. 只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。练习2 : 用并列句翻译下列句子1.他虽然有病, 但是还是上学去了.2.汤姆很穷, 而他的弟弟去发了财.3.他丢了工作, 因此这些天心情不好.4.韩惠不但歌唱得好, 而且舞也跳得好.5.我本打算昨天告诉你, 但你不在办公室.6.那个男孩不仅说英语非常好，法语说的也很流利。练习3 : 用复合句翻译下列句子1. 这本书非常有趣，我把它读了一遍又一遍。2. 我匆匆忙忙，到了车站时才发觉忘了带钱包了。3. 我认为我们学习一些学习方法是有必要的。4. 享受自然之美的最佳途径就是到乡下去。5. 我认为，只有通过努力学习，我们的梦想才能实现。练习4 : 改正下列错句,使他们成为正确的一句话1.Faulty:There are forty-five students in our class , one- third of them are from nearby countries.Improved:2.Faulty:It was raining hard, they could not work in the field.Improved:3. Faulty : The professor walked into the classroom , he carried a bag of books with him.Improved:练习5 : 改正下列句子,使之更为连贯Faulty: A man is judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds.Revised: Faulty: The idea he mentioned at first sounded good.Revised: 练习6 : 改写下列句子, 使其更简洁1.Wordy: He gave many reasons for the failure, but the reasons he gave were not convincing.Concise: 2.Wordy: The Great Wall, which has a history of more than 2000 years, is one of the world heritages,Concise: 3.Wordy: He attended the party though he was badly ill.Concise: 4.Wordy: Nie Er, who is the composer of the National Anthem for the Peoples Republic of China, was born in Yunnan in February 1912.Concise: 5.Wordy: He suggested that he be sent to tend the sick.Concise:6.Wordy: To my surprise, I was surprised to find no one there when I got there.Concise: 7.Wordy: A teacher who has experience should have an idea about what he should do in such a condition.Concise: 8. Wordy: Do you know the girl who is dressed in red?Concise: 9.Wordy: The professor walked into the classroom and he carried a bag of books with him.Concise: 10.Wordy: The man who is standing by the window is our teacher.Concise: 11.Wordy : I didnt know her telephone number, so we couldnt get in touch with her.Concise: 12.Wordy: Johnson looked like a man who was wanted in Los Angeles for robbery.Concise: 13.Wordy: We finally reached home at 10 pm, and we were tired and hungry.Concise: 第二部分:书面表达话题分类专题训练专题1：有关学校生活及学习的话题一）词汇和短语：1、学校生活及学习成绩 begettingonwellwithonesstudytakeseveralcoursesatschool haveEnglish(Chinese,Physics)every(other)dayworkhardatputonesheartintobeinterestedinbefondof likechemistrybest begoodatbepooratdowellinbeweakinmakeprogressinfailinbetiredofpasstheexaminationgivesb.apassinggrade; majorinhistorythebestrecordinschool.getadoctorsdegreebemoreinterestingtosb.learnabout; succeedin; beactiveinclass(work); takeanactivepartin;learnbyheart; workouta(maths)problem;improveoneselfin; get90marksfor(English);getan“A”intheexam; haveagoodcommandoflayagoodfoundationin(languagestudy) 2、师生关系 getonwellwithsbliketobewithstudents begentlewithus bekindtosb; beastrictteacherbestrictwithonespupilsbestrictinwork thinkofhim(her)ashelpsbwithsth; praisesbforsthblamesbforsth. giveadviceonquestionsbon besatisfiedwith correctthestudentshomeworkcarefullyandpreparefor thenextdaygivesbalotofwork; trytoteachsbgoodstudyhabitsmakeoneslessonslivelyandinterestingteachsb.sth.teachsbtodosth.devoteallonestimetoworkadmire(sb.for)hisdevotiontothecauseofeducation 3、课余活动及周末生活 spendonestimeinmanydifferentwaysenjoydoingthingsbyoneself;goswimminggoforanouting;haveanoutingat(theseashore) seethesightsofBeijing;playthepiano(violin) playchess(basketball);haveaswimhavedancesonweekendshaveapicnicovertheweekendgotothecinemahaveapartyholdasportsmeetingdosomereading;helpsbdosthenjoyafamilytrip; geteverythingreadyforrideonesbikewithsb.to(thepark)enjoyachangefromourbusylifeinthecity. bringsth.tothepicnic. averyrelaxingSunday.somegoodprogrammesonTVonweekends. 二）常用句子：1. 我有几个问题要向你请教。I have some questions to ask you.2. 我们做学生的应该诚实，通过努力学习而不是作弊取得好成绩。 We students should be honest and try to get good results by studying hard other than cheating in examinations3. 星期六晚上，学生会要举办晚会欢迎澳大利亚朋友。The Students Union will hold a party to welcome some Australian friends on Saturday evening4. 我们很高兴星期六你将来参加我们的活动。Were glad that youll take part in our activities on Saturday.5. 我们都知道，有的学生在平时学校考试时会作弊，为的是能取得较好的成绩取悦于家长和老师。It is known to us all that some students cheat in examinations at school in order to get better results to please their parents and teachers.6. 小明是个聪明勤奋的学生。 Xiao Ming is a clever and hard-working middle-school student.7李平在学校学习成绩一直很好。 Li Ping always studies very well at school.8就我所知，大家对这一新安排都感到高兴。 As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.9. 在我看来，考场作弊破坏了游戏规则，对于不作弊的同学是不公平的。 In my opinion, it is wrong to cheat in examinations because it breaks the rules of the games, which is unfair to those who dont cheat.10. 所有的班都由具有丰富的外语教学经验的老师授课。 All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. 11. 我1984年7岁时开始上学。 I began going to school at the age of seven in (the year) 1984.12. 近三个月来，我比以前学习更努力了。 I have been working harder at my lessons than before during the recent three months.13小明的爸爸说他的数学英语成绩都好，建议他学电脑。 His father said he was good at maths and English, so he suggested that Xiao Ming (should) study computer science.14每天晚上他做完功课就喜欢看电视。 He would like to watch TV after he finished his homework every evening.15. 在那段期间我每天早起晚睡，认真复习，这次考试我自己觉得考得还不错。 During that period of time, I got up early and slept little. I think I did well in the exams.16. 我在学校里学习的主要课程有语文、数学、物理、化学和电脑。 I study Chinese, maths, physics, chemistry and computer science at school.17. 简而言之，自从要求学校减轻学生负担以来，情况开始好转了。In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce the students learning load.18. 考试结果要一个月之后才能知道。 We can know our grades of the exams only a month later.19. 有人认为英语学习应当从儿童期开始，因为小孩子记性好，能记住许多单词。 Some people think that English learning should start from childhood. Because little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart.20. 首先分明确一点，我们上学不应当迟到或早退。It must be made clear that we should never be late for class or leave school before it is over.21. 我们非常感谢老师为我们提供了许多好书。Were very grateful to our teacher who provides us plenty of good books.22.我当时就知道我父母已经为我付出了多少心血。所以学习很努力。 I knew very well what my parents had done for me. So I studied exceptionally hard.三）书面表达训练题：1.时下，很多学生带手机上学。为此，某英语报在你校组织了一场讨论。讨论的主题：中学生是否有必要带手机去学校。请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。大多数同学认为大多数老师认为：你的观点：可方便与家长、同学联系；是一种时尚。中学生年龄尚小，还不能自控；用手机玩游戏，发短信浪费时间；容易引起攀比。如需要打电话学校里有各种电话可供使用。追求时尚可以理解，但学习是首要任务。注意：1信的开头已为你写好。2词数：100左右。3参考词汇：攀比：vie with 在校园内：on the campusDear editor:Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether it is necessary for middle school students to carry mobile phones to school._Dear editor:Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether it is necessary for middle school students to carry mobile phones to school.The majority of the students think that it is more convenient for them to keep in touch with their parents and classmates if they have a mobile phone. And whats more, its a fashion.However, most teachers think that middle school students are not old enough to control themselves. It is a waste of time for students to play games and send messages to each other by mobile phone. And its easy to cause the students to vie with each other. If necessary they can make phone calls by using public phones on the campus.In my opinion, following the fashion is understandable. But as middle school students, we should put all our heart into our studies. Yours truly Li Hua2.面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题，根据以下提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。AdvantagesDisadvantages1.良好的语言环境，更利于语言学习。2.拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术。3.传播各民族间的不同文化。1.年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自理能力差。2.情感孤独，思乡。3.生活学习费用高。注意: 1）第一句已为你写好，不计入总词数。 2）词数100 左右。3）参考词汇：媒介，中间人 mediatorStudying AbroadIn recent years, studying abroad has been popular._ Studying Abroad In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study. Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad. There are many advantages in attending schools abroad. First, students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. Second, we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Third, we can learn foreign languages more quickly. However, there are some disadvantages. Most of the students are too young to live by themselves without any living experience. Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick. And the costs are much. (117 words)3.每年高考之前总会出现“高考移民”，他们设法到录取分数线较低的省份参加考试。你班同学就此展开讨论，提出了以下两种相反意见：赞同反对1 想上好大学，应予理解；2 录取分数不一，对高分地区学生不公平；3 学生也是公民，应该有此权利和机会。4 到其他地方会增加当地升学压力；5 对当地学生不利，也是一种不公；6 主要有利于有权势者，对普通百姓不公 请就此给“学生英语报（Student Times）”写一篇报道，说明上述讨论情况。 说明：（1）.词数100左右; （2）.标题和开头段已经给出。 Students on the Move for Their ExamsFair or Unfair?Every year some students from high-score areas move to other provinces to take the Entrance Examination of the Colleges. Recently we had a discussion about this._Students on the Move for Their Exams Fair or Unfair? Every year some students from high-score areas move to other provinces to take the Entrance Examination of the Colleges. Recently we had a discussion about this. Some think it understandable for the students to move to other places to take the exam since they want to be able to study at a better university. And it seems to be the right of a student as a citizen to have such a chance, especially those from an area of high entry score. Otherwise they have to get much higher scores to enter a university than those who are from a low entry-score province. Others take a quite different stand. They think those who are from high score areas would add pressure to the areas they move to, which also means an unfair situation to those students in low-score areas. Whats more, it seems to be just favourable to the powerful and not fair to ordinary people. So they dont think it a good thing. (137 words)4.假设你家境贫困，刚刚考取某所大学，上大学昂贵的费用使你感到为难。下表提供了解决上大学费用的多种途径，请用英语表达出来，同时说明适合于你的途径和理由。解决上大学费用的多种途径 1. 父母提供学费；2. 申请银行贷款；3. 获得奖学金；4. 业余时间在校内外打工。自己设想1. _；2. _；3. _。.注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文
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