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研究生基础英语课后答案Unit1-5 - - - - - - 单词词组互译- - - - - - - - 英译汉 communication satellite 通讯卫星 mobile telephony 移动通讯 intelligent robot 智能机器人 clone 克隆 telecommunications 远程通讯 stock holder 股东 taxing authority 税务机关 charitable organization 慈善机构 nonprofit firm 非盈利公司 sales forecast 销售预测 economic forecast 经济预测 tourist resort旅游胜地 landscape scenery 山水风光 virgin forest 原始森林 hitchhiking 沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行 outdoor adventures户外冒险活动 a camper 野营者 antibiotic 抗生素 gene 基因 El Nino 厄尔尼塔 marine 海产的,海运的,舰队,海运业 vitamin 维生素 humility 谦逊 endeavor n & v 努力尝试 sincerity 真诚 真挚 patriotism 爱国主义 faith 信仰,信念 divine 神圣的,非凡的,崇高的 reconcile 调和,和解 self-observation 自我审视ethics class 道德教育课 computer-aided cheating 利用计算机作弊failing grade 不及格 plagiarism 剽窃 mandatory penalty 强制惩罚 junk email harassment 垃圾邮件骚扰 汉译英 文学literature 科幻小说science fiction 空间旅行space traveling 外星人 alien 人类社会 human society 高技术 high-technology 信息时代information age 信息产业information industry 管理 management 协调 coordinate 运作operate 人力资源 human resources 经费 funds 决策make decisions 政府部门governmental agencies 金融机构financial institution 远足hike 兜风go for a ride 观光sight-seeing 探险explore, exploration 交游go outing 滑雪 skiing 冲浪surfing 睡袋sleeping bag 导游图 tourist map 夏令营summer camp 羊羔lamb 山羊goat猪崽piglet奶牛cow 牛犊calf家禽fowl 哺乳动物mammal 家畜 domestic animals 善意goodwill, good intentions 高尚noble 成就achievement, success, accomplishment 抱负ambition, aspiration 原则principle 奉献dedicate 平等equality 忠诚sincerity, loyalty, faithfulness 抄袭 copy / plagriarise 作弊 cheating 道德准则 ethics 校行政人员 school officials 开除 explusion 学年 school year 读书报告 book report 校园社区服务 on-compus community sevice- - - - - -单词、时态填空- - - - - - - - Unit1 II Vocabulary study 词汇学习 第6页A) Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron the box and make changes where necessary.完成下列句子从方框中选择正确的单词或短语并进行必要的变形。 predict reveal dominate in search of play a major role in预料 揭露 支配、占主导作用 搜寻 在方面起主要作用call for in reality speculation a wide range of respect号召 实际上 推测 广泛的 尊重1、They got there in the late afternoon and went around in search of a place to stay. 他们在下午晚些时候到达那里并四处寻找栖身之地。2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology. 宇航员被问到广泛的问题，从物理学到心理学。3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major role in influencing their opinions. 注意复数加s因为人们花大量的时间看电视、看报纸，媒体在影响他们的观点上发挥了主要作用。4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were finally revealed by the local paper. 人们对于关于当时发生的事情表现出奇怪的沉默，但是谋杀的细节最终被当地报纸揭露出来。5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration calling for an immediate ceasefire. 经过又一轮谈判之后，他们终于签署了号召立即停火的宣言。6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy. 小玲看起来总是很自信，但实际上她十分害羞。7、I have to admit that she is very nice as a hostess, but she dose tend to dominate the conversation. 我不得不承认她是个非常好的主持人，但她确实试图在整个谈话占主导作用。8、Out of respect for the whishes of her family, the accident was not reported in the local media. 为了尊重她家人的愿望，这个事故没有在当地媒体中报道。9、The companys expansion was predicted on the assumption that sales would rise.曾经有人预料假设销售量上升这家公司就会扩张。10、Any suggestion of an imminent crash in stock market is pure speculation. 股票市场即将崩溃的任何建议都纯粹是推测。 Unit2 II Vocabulary study 词汇学习 第21页 require acquire operate comprehend motivate maintain 要求 获得 操作、经营 理解 激励 维持adapt to be certain access to coordinate component convert 适应于 肯定 进入 协调 组成部分 转变 1、As an excellent manager, he is very good at motivating his employees. 作为一名杰出的经理，他非常善于激励他的员工。2、Their principal activities are to serve the French corporations operating abroad. 他们的主要活动是为法国公司的国外经营服务。3、The two rival companies maintained close relations for ten years. 两家竞争公司维持了10年的密切关系。4、A large complex organization can be slow to adapt to changes. 一个大型的复杂组织适应变化可能比较缓慢。5、The ability to use a language can be acquired only by the act of using the language. 使用一门语言的能力可以通过仅仅使用这门语言就能够获得。6、A password is needed to get access to the computer system. 加入电脑系统需要密码。7、Good records are required for the preparation of complete and accurate tax documents. 为了准备完整有精确的税收文件需要完善的记录。8、They read the story, but only a few fully comprehended its meaning. 他们读了这个故事，但是只要少数几个人完全理解它的意思。9、They converted the medieval castle into a beautiful theater. 他们把这个中世纪的城堡变成了一座美丽的戏院。10、The doctor was certain after examining his wounds that he could not possibly live. 在检查完他的伤势之后，这个医生确定他不可能存活。Unit3 accessible to push off at a price a craving for 能接近的 启程 昂贵的 渴望negotiate accommodate unique consistently谈判 留宿 独特的 一贯1、Housing could be obtained at a price . 高价才能获得住房。2、Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. 药物不能放在孩子们能够接近的地方。3、Patrick is not sure whether he can （ negotiate the turn）at the bottom. 帕特里克不能肯定在底端他是否能够拐弯。这是一个固定词组-拐弯4、The hungry beggar had a craving for food, any food left by the guests.这个饥饿的乞丐非常渴望食物，客人留下的任何食物。5、Lets push off early so that well get there before nightfall. 我们早点启程吧，那样我们就能在天黑之前到达那里。6、John and Armstrong maintain consistently a high standard. 约翰和阿姆斯特朗一贯保持高水平。7、Those foreign students are accommodated in Canadian homes near the campus for a three-week orientation program. 这些外国学生在校园附近的加拿大人的家里住宿为了进行三星期的迎新活动。8、Each persons signature is unique and that will help us to find out if this document is a forgery. 每一个人的签名都是独特的，这将帮助我们查明这个文件是伪造的。Unit4 clone donation donor transplant cattle recipient克隆 捐款 捐赠者 移植 牲口 接受者 mammal initiate reverse at intervals light up 哺乳动物 发起 颠倒 断断续续、时而不时 照亮1、The cost of feeding fully grown cattle for a period of time can be significant.一段时间内喂养完全成熟的牲口的成本是很大的。2、Nonsexual reproduction from a single parent is already possible and every clone produced in this way is absolutely identical to the parent.来自单亲父母的无性繁殖已成为可能，每一个用这种方式制造的克隆人和他的父母完全相同。3、Former students collected money for scholarship fund. We are very grateful to the donors for their generous donations. 以前的学生筹钱用于奖学金基金。我们非常感谢这些捐赠者慷慨的捐款。注意加S，复数。4、Baby animals of mammals such as mice, cows and monkeys get milk from their mothers breasts. 哺乳动物的幼仔如老鼠、奶牛和猴子从它们的母亲胸脯汲取奶水。注意加S，复数。5、We transplanted the small peach tree from the back of the house to the front because it did not get enough sunlight there. 我们将小桃树从房子后面移植到前面，因为在那里它得不得足够的阳光。注意过去时6、Shall we reverse the order and put Z at the beginning of this dictionary? 我们能够颠倒秩序，并将Z放在这个字典的开头吗？7、The searchlight lit up the whole area. 探照灯照亮了整个地区。 过去时 不规则动词变形 lightlit.8、The government initiated a large-scale campaign to eliminate illiteracy. 政府发起了大规模扫盲战役。注意过去时 直接加d9、The recipients of Nobel Prize are honored at special ceremonies in Sweden and Norway. 诺贝尔将的接受者在瑞典和挪威荣幸地参加特殊典礼。注意加S，复数。10、Rain fell at irregular intervals throughout the night.雨断断续续下了一个晚上。Unit5 evolve confine corrupt endeavor account mixture 演变 限制 腐败 努力 描述 混合物depression at risk to the full insight into萧条 处于危险当中 完全地 洞察1. Jane was confined to bed due to illness for three months. 简由于生病困在床上三个月。注意过去时 直接加d2. Many women lost their jobs during the economic depression .许多妇女在经济萧条时期失去了工作。3. The corrupting effects of complete power ruined many politicians 完全权力的腐蚀作用毁了许多政治家。现在分词作定语 加ing.4. Her first reaction to the news was a mixture of grief and comfort. 她听到这个消息的第一反应是悲伤和欣慰混合在一起。 5. The journalist wrote an article in which police corruption was exposed to the full . 这个记者写了一篇文章，文中警察腐败完全暴露。6. Shop assistants are asked to make every endeavor to provide the customer satisfaction. 售货员被要求尽最大的努力使顾客满意。 7. He argued that the British legal system was derived from Roman law and has evolved into a complicated system . 他辩称英国法律体系从罗马法引申而来，并且已经演变成一个复杂的体系。8. The disease is spreading quickly in the city and people ,especially children and the aged ,are at risk . 这种疾病快速在城市蔓延，人们尤其是孩子和老人处于危险当中。9. The book gives readers a deeper insight into European culture. 这本书使读者深入洞察欧洲文化。 10. The witness gave the police a full account of what had happened in the courtyard . 证人给警察完整地描述了院子里发生的事情。- - - - - -近义选词填空，两个词中选适合意思。- - - - - - Unit1 B) Choose the appropriate word for each sentence,using the proper form. 第7页选择适当的词填句子，使用正确的形式。culture/ culrural 文化/文化的1. The students attended a class entitled “Beyond Tradition ”,in which they discussed the effect of technology on traditional culture . 学生们上了一堂名为“超越传统”的课，课上他们讨论了技术对传统文化的影响。2. China has a vast territory and abundant resources .She is a large country with a long history and a rich cultural heritage . 形容词，后加名词中国领土宽广，资源丰富。她是一个历史悠久文化遗产丰厚的大国。sponsored/sponsoring 赞助、资助 第一个是动词/ 现在分词+名称3. At the conference , the minister accused the organization of sponsoring terrorism . 会上，部长指控该组织资助恐怖主义。 介词后面要加ing 变成动名词4. The research program is sponsored by a large computer company. 该研究项目由一个大计算机公司赞助。 表示被赞助complication/complexity 复杂/复杂性5. The drop in student numbers added further complication to the situation. 学生数量的减少使得情况更加复杂。6. Now he was getting a lesson in the complexity of diesel engines. 词组现在，他从柴油发动机的复杂性中得到了教训。dominate/prevail 支配、占统治地位/流行、取胜、占优势7. Being a member of Animal Adoration Society, she seems to think that animal rights should prevail over everything else . 词组作为一个动物崇拜会的成员，她似乎认为动物的权利应优于一切。8. It was obvious that her husband completely dominated her. 显然，她的丈夫完全支配着她。 注意 过去时加dinvestors/supporters 投资者/支持者9. As one of the leading candidates for the presidency, he still needs the help of his supporters to win the election . 作为一名主要的总统候选人，他仍然需要他的支持者们帮助他赢得选举。注意加S，复数。10. In most cases, investors are entitled to a reasonable return on their money . 大多数情况下，投资者有权得到他们投资的合理回报。 注意加S，复数。Unit2 Process/procedure 过程、步骤/程序1. John did not follow the correct procedure in applying for the job. 约翰在申请工作时没有遵循正确的程序。 2. The firm is now on the process of moving the machines to a new factory . 词组 该公司现在正在将机器搬往新工厂的过程中。Coordinate/cooperate 协调/合作3. The scientists from the two medical schools are cooperating in the attempt to find a cure for the disease. 注意进行时加ing来自两个医学院的科学家正合作试图找到治愈该疾病的方法。4. They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team. 他们任命了一位新经理来协调该团队的工作。 Objetive/objection 目标/反对5. He set an objective for the new organization to provide free legal aid to the poor. 他为新组织设立了目标，为穷人提供免费的法律援助。6. The main objection to program was that it would cost too much . 该项目的主要反对是它可能花费太大。 effctive/efficient 有效的/高效的7. They used a new drug in the treatment that is effective against the cancer . 他们在治疗过程中使用新药物，该药物对付癌症非常有效。8. A successful manager needs an efficient secretary. 一个成功的经理需要一名高效的秘书。 Productive/productivity 高产的/产量9. The installation of the new machinery has doubled the productivity of the factory .安装新机器使得该工厂的产量翻倍增加。 10. The new training program made the workers highly productive .新的培训计划使得个人生产力提高。Unit3Accessible/available 可到达、可接近的/提供的、可用的1. Since 1978, the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17% .自1978年以来，可以用来买书的钱减少了17%。2. The building has been made accessible to disabled people . 这栋大楼能够让残疾人可以进入。 Consistently/constantly 始终、一贯地/不断地3. She is constantly changing her mind . 她不断地改变主意。4. He has consistently stood firm on the side of the oppressed people . 他一贯坚定地站在被压迫人民的一边。 Convert/reverse 转变、变换/颠倒5. They convert an old stable into a little comfortable house . 他们把一个旧亭子变成了一个舒适的房子。6. Because the normal word order is reversed in passive voice sentences, they are sometimes hard to follow. 因为在被动语态里正常单词的顺序被颠倒了，它们有时很难理解。Outdoor/outdoors 户外的/在户外 7. If you enjoy outdoor activities, this is the trip for you . 如果你喜欢户外运动，这个旅行很适合你。8. I reckon its warm enough to eat outdoors this evening . 我承认今天晚上足够温暖在户外吃东西。Sky/skies 天空/天空的状态9. The Tibetan highland is a land of blue skies and warm sunshine. 形容天空的状态。西藏高原是蓝天和温暖阳光的土地。10. She looked out over the rooftops and the open sky . 死记下来。她越过屋顶和广阔的天空向往看。Unit4 II Pronun 代词 第4单元第54页The use of pronoun is rather confusing for many English learners.Some more revision will help you use them correctly.Study the following sentences and then complete each of them with the best answer.代词的使用对于许多英语学习者来说相当混乱。更多的复习将帮助你正确使用它们。学习下列句子并使用最佳答案完成它们。1. Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by science fiction. A. Everybody每个人 b. Anybody 任何人 c. Somebody 某些人 d.Nobody 没人没人能够忍住不对科幻小说将他带入的世界着迷。2. He claimed to be an expert in astronomy , but in fact he is quite ignorant on the subject , what little he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate . 需要what做引导词A.what little 多么少的东西 b. so much 那么多 c. how much 多少 d. so little 那么少他声称是天文学的专家，但实际上他对该问题一无所知，他所知道的那么少的一点东西是过时的且不准确。3. The managjng director refused to accept any of the four proposals made by the contractors. A. either两者之一 b. neither 两者都不 c. some 一些（肯定） d. any 任何一个（否定）管理主任拒绝缔结合同方的四种建议中的任何一种。4. Professor Smith implied ,but did not directly say , that Americans are more concerned with making money than anything else . 任何其他的事情 A. everything else b. something else c. nothing else d. anything else史密斯教授暗示但没有直接说美国关注赚钱胜过任何其他的东西。5. There is every possibility of our winning the game. A. none 一个都没有b. all 所有复数 c. every 每一个单数 d. each每一个 要加of我们有赢得这场比赛的每一个可能性。就是完全有把握，但不能用all，因为句子是单数，前面有is.6. There people spoke at the meeting ,one was a lawyer ,another a teacher ,and the third was a social worker . A. other b.another 另一个,三者之一 c. the other 另一个，两者之一 d.others 其他的复数那里，人们在会上发言，一个是律师，另一个是老师，第三个是个社会工人。（一共三个人）7. I have been to the doctors about my backache , he says there is nothing serious ,but I must ile up for a few days . A. something某事 b. anything 任何事情 c. nothing 没什么事 d.everything 每件事我已经去医生那里看过我的背痛，他说没啥严重的，但我必须躺几天。8. The New York Times will soon carry colour advertisements; none of this will matter if newspapers eventually disappear . A. no b. either c. none 加of 没有任何 d.neither纽约时报将很快刊登彩色广告，如果报纸最终将消失的话，这没有任何关系。9. We stood up , thinking through the possibilities ,There werent many . 前面有否定词 A. some 一些 b. much 很多不可数 c. few 没几个 d.many许多我们站起来，考虑这件事的可能性，可能性不大。10. Melton Brown was the only salon producing its own shampoos and hair-care products, all based on herbal recipes. A.all b. everything c. something d.much梅尔顿布朗是唯一一家生产自己的洗发水和护发品的厂家，所有产品都根据草药配方制造。Unit5 B) Choose the appropriate word for each sentence,using the proper form.选择合适的词填句子，使用正确的形式。Practice/exercise 实践、实践场所/锻炼、演习1. An aircraft carrier and nineteen warships left the naval base today for exercises at sea . 一架航母和十九只战舰今天离开海军基地进行海上演习。2. He returned to South Carolina in 1966 and established his own legal practice . 1966年，他回到南加利福尼亚并建立起他自己的律师事务所。Threat/threaten 威胁 名词 / 威胁 动词3. The kidnappers threatened to kill the hostages unless they received a ransom of $500,000.绑架者威胁要杀死人质除非他们受到50万赎金。 注意过去时加ed.4. In his inaugural address Lincoln repeated that his government posed no threat to slavery in the states . 在他的就职演讲中，林肯再三说道他的政府对美国的奴隶制没有任何威胁。War/warfare 战争 / 战争状态 通常表示确切的化学战、大战等5. If they had negotiated a peace earlier they could have avoided this terrible , bloody war . 如果他们早先谈判达成和平，他们本来可以避免这场可怕的血腥的战争。6. He flew nine special missions in that area in 2003 and has experience with biological warfare . 生物战固定词组2003年，他执行了九个特殊任务，并掌握了生物战的经验。Restore/recover 恢复、重建/身体康复7. The object of the war to restore the Union ; but the cause of the war was slavery . 战争的目标是恢复联盟，但战争的起因是奴隶制。8. It took her three months to recover her spirits after that unexpected blow . 在那个意外的打击之后，她花了三个月的时间来使得精神康复。Reflect/deflect 反映/转移9. The newspaper aims to reflect the views of the middle class. 这家报纸的目的在于反映中产阶级的观点。 10. Their main purpose was to deflect attention from the opponents criticism . 他们主要目的是转移对手批评的注意力- - - - - -介词填空- - - - - - Uint2 III Prepositions and adverbs 介词和副词Fill each blank with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 用适当的介词或副词填空。1. He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first. 他说他们应该首先检查这个工程涉及的成本。固定词组，涉及 2. Dealing with this diversity of human resources in the 2010s and beyond will be a significant challenge to managers. 固定词组，对挑战在2010年和之后处理人力资源的多样性并将对经理们是个重大的挑战。3. Smiths Tuesday morning experiences are typical of managerial work, which is varied, fragmented, and difficult to plan and organize. 固定词组，典型的史密斯星期二早上的经历是典型的管理工作，这种工作是多样的、散碎的并且很难计划和组织。4. Effective managers may be one of a developed countrys most valuable resources, and they are one of the most needed resources in less developed countries . 效率高的经理可能是发达国家最有价值的资源之一，他们在不太发达的国家是最需要的资源之一。 less 副词，修饰形容词，表示较少的 5. The specific tasks of a manager in a college or university department differ from those of people managing in other organizations .大学部门经理的具体任务不同于在其他组织中从事管理工作的人的任务 固定词组，不同于6. Bad management results in poor employee morale, poor quality, low productivity, and unnecessary employee-employer conflicts . 固定词组，导致劣质的管理导致职员士气不佳，质量差，产量低以及不必要的雇主和员工之间的冲突。7. Errors in judgement for job hunting can prevent even the finest candidate from landing the job she or he wants . 固定词组，在方面的错误。求职的判断错误会阻止最好的候选人得到他或她获得想要的工作。8. The business plan is a written document that clearly defines the goals of a business and outlines the methods for achieving them . 固定词组，的方法商业计划是一份书面文件，该文件明确规定了商业的目标并列出了实现目标的方法。9. Rapid technological developments in transportation and communications have brought the peoples of the world closer together in a physical sense. 固定词组，在意义上交通和通讯方面的快速的技术发展已经使得全世界的人们在物理意义上更加接近。10. A recent survey revealed that 54 percent considered a foreign language necessary for doing business abroad . 副词，在国外最近的调查显示54%的人们认为一门外语是在国外做生意所必须的。Unit3 1. He said that they sh
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