不定代词用法及练习.doc

不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。.不定代词包括：all , both, every, each, either, neither, more,(a) little, (a) few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。,不定代词用法为：不定代词+（of + 限定词 ）+ 名词注意：of 后一定要有限定词 both, all可以直接接限定词the.几组常用不定代词的区别：1.代词比较one，that 和itone表示泛指，指名称相同的另一物，或所提到的人或物中的一个。that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。 I cant find my hat. I think I must buy one. The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. I cant find my hat. I don t know where I put it.2. some与any的区别1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词+单数动词；可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词+单数动词；可数名词+复数动词。 Have you got any tea?If you have any questions, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle.3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 -How many people can you see in the picture? -I cant see any. If you have no money, Ill lend you some.注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。注意：something, everything, nothing, anything, somebody, everybody, nobody（=no one）, anybody，none3. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别1) (a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词2) a few / a little 为肯定含义，还有一点3)few / little为否定含义，没有多少了。 He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。4) 固定搭配:only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many)many a (=many)Many books were sold.Many a book was sold.5）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级) She slept very little last night.4. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。用 法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一个男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one.2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. You can see another ship in the sea, cant you? Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another.5. every 和each的用法1)every 强调全体的概念， each强调个体概念。 Every student in our school works hard. Each student may have one book. 2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。3)every不可以作状语，each可作状语。4)every 有反复重复的意思，如 every two weeks等； each没有。5)every 与not 连用，表示部分否定； each 和not连用表示全部否定。 Every man is not honest. Each man is not honest. 6. all和both的用法。1）all和both都表示整体，但all 都，指三者以上。both都，指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。 All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语) All the water has been used up. (作主语) Thats all for today. (作表语) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语) All the leaders are here./All knowledge comes from practice. (作定语)2）both 和 all 加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和none。Both of us are not good at singing. Neither of us is good at singing. All of the teachers are not foreigners. None of the teachers are foreigners. . 注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。 All of the students are there. All (of) the milk is there. 7.neither 与 nor的用法1) 如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither，而不用 nor。 If you dont do it，neither should I.如果你不干，我也不干。2) 如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor，不用neither。 He cant sing，nor dance，nor skate.8.neither和either的用法1）neither 表示“两者都不”，neithernor 意为“既不又不”。 either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，eitheror 意为“或是，或是”Neither of the answer is right.I have neither time nor money to take a trip.Either sentence is right.You can either go or stay.9.many, much的用法 Many，much都意为许多， many + 可数名词，much + 不可数名词。 How many people are there at the meeting? Many of the workers were at the meeting.10.anyone/any one；no one/none的用法1) anyone 和 any one anyone仅指人，any one既可指人，也可指物。2) no one 和none a) none 后跟of短语，既可指人又可指物，而no one只单独使用，只指人。 b) none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。 None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。 - Did any one call me up just now?-刚才有人打电话给我吗? - No one. -没有。11、代词it的用法：1）指代前面提到过的事物。如：Of course , I love junk food too, but I try to eat it only once a week.2)用来代替指示代词this 或that。如：-Whats this?-Its a pencil.3）指婴儿或不明身份的人。如：Someone is knocking at the door, please go and see who it is.4）指时间和季节。如：-Whats the time now?-Its ten oclock.5)表天气。如：-Whats the weather like today?-Its sunny.6)表距离。如：How far is it from your home to your school？7）用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：a. It is adj.+(for sb ) to do sth. 如：It is important for us to work hard.b. Its time to do /for /that如：Its time to get up/ for lunch/f that we went home.c. It seems that It seems that he is quite happy.d. Its ones turn to do Its your turn to answer my question.e. Its + adj. +that如：Its necessary that you should be present at the meeting.8）作形式宾语。如：Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?9)引导强调句型 “It is /was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其他成分”。如：It was yesterday that we went to see a film.不定代词专项练习 1He cant hear you, because there is _ noise here Avery much Btoo much Cmuch too Dso many 2_ name is Han Meimai. AHerself BHers CShe DHer 3All of us were invited, but _ of us came Aneither Bnone Cboth 4The weather in Shanghai is different from _ ABaotou BBaotou weather Cthat in Baotou Dthose of Baotou 5There isnt _ water in the cup. Aany Bmany Csome Dthe 6-Is this _ pen? -No, _ is on my desk. Ayour; my Byours; my Cyour; mine Dyours; mine 7The bottle is empty. There is _ in it. Aanything Bsomething Cnothing 8-Look! We have _ sugar. -Really? Lets go and buy some. Afew Ba few Clittle Da little 9There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better buy some. Ano Bany Csome 10-“There isnt _ water here. Could you get _ for me?” -“All ringht.” Asome; some Bany; any Csome; any Dany; some 11Today, _ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world. Amuch too Btoo much Cmany too Dtoo many 12There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is easy to understand. Aboth Ball Cevery Deach 13Is the shirt on the bed _ ? Ayours Byour Cyou 14Mr Green taught _ English last year. Aour Bwe Cus 15These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _ one. Aother Bothers Cthe others Danother 16Mary cant go with us. _ has to look after _ mother at home. AShe; his BShe; her CHe; her DHe; His 17There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me? Aany; some Bany; any Csome; some Dsome; any18I often help _ . Ahe or she Bhis and her Chim and her Dhis and hers 19There are some trees on _ side of the street. Aboth Ball Ceither Devery 20“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like _ , because theyre not useful.” Aboth Beither Call Dneither 21They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest. Aany Bsome Cnone Dneither 22There were _ people and noise in the park last Sunday. Amany; much Bmuch; much Cmuch; many Dmany; many 23_ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in the dictionary. AEach; every BEvery; each CEach; each DEvery; every 24Please keep together. We want _ of you to get lost. Anone Bsome Cmany Dany 25There is _ water here; but there are quite _ empty glasses. Alittle; a few Bfew; little Cfew; a few Dlittle; a little 26The skirt is _ . She made it _ . Ahers; herself Bher; herself Cherself; hers Dherself; her 27“Havent you forgotten _ ?”“ _ ,oh, I forgot my bag.” Aanything; Excuse me Bsomething; Excuse me Csomething; Pardon Deverything; Pardon 28Be quiet! I have _ to tell you. Aimportant anything Banything important Cimportant something Dsomething important 29My father is very busy with his work. He has _ time to do the housework. Alittle Bfew Ca little Da few 30- _ of the boys in Class Four are playing games. -_. AAll BEach CThe both DNone 31The boy promised _ mother never to lie to _ again. Ahis; him Bher; her Cher; him Dhis; her 32“Would you like some milk in your tea?”“Yes, just _ .” Amuch Ba little Ca few Dlittle 33_ school is much larger than _ . ATheir; our BTheir; ours CTheirs; ours DTheirs; our 34Put it down, Richard. You mustnt read _ letter. Aanyones elses Banyones else Canyone elses Danyone else 35He found _ very interesting to ride a horse. Athis Bthat Cit Dwhich 36Han Meimei, what about _ to eat? Aeverything Bsomething Cnothing Danything 37_ office is much smaller than _ . AOurs; yours BOur; yours CTheirs; our DYour; their 38“Help _ to some meat, Mary,”my aunt said to me. Athemselves Bourselves Cyourself Dhimself 39There are twenty teachers in this gradeEight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers. Athe other Bthe others CothersDother 40Though they had cleaned the floor, there was still _ water on it. Alittle Ba little Cfew Da few 不定代词专项练习参考答案 1Btoo much只能修饰不可数名词， much too 修饰形容词或副词， very much可修饰动词；many只能修饰可数名词，不能修饰不可数名词。 2Dher作物主代词，意为“她的”，注意her还可作she的宾格。 3B句意：“我们都接到邀请，但我们谁没来。”none是all的反义词，表示“（三者以上的）没有一个（人或物）。” 4Cthat作为代词。代替主语 weather. A项错误在于Baotou与前面的主语 weather不相对应，无法比较。代词that既可代替不可数名词，也可代替单数可数名词。 5Aany用于疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。 6Cyour是形容词性物主代词，只能作定语修饰名词； mine是名词性物主代词，可作主语、表语和宾语，但不能作定语。 7C空白处填nothing是与前一句的 empty相呼应、吻合的。 8C从后一句“去买些糖”可知“糖不多了”。little的意思是“少”，有否定含义，只能修饰不可数名词， a little是“一点”，有肯定含义。few和a few是修饰或代替可数名词，前者否定，后者肯定。 9B肯定句中用some，疑问句和否定句中用any。 10D前一句是否定句，故用any ；后一句是说话者恳请别人做某事，希望对方同意，并认为对方能同意，故用some。 11Dtoo much只能修饰不可数名词，too many只修饰可数名词；A项只修饰形容词或副词；C项本身就是错误的。 12Devery和each都作“每一个”讲，但every只能作定语；each既可作定语，还可作主语、宾语、同位语等成分。both和all作主语（代替可数名词），谓语动词应用复数。 13A 14C代词作宾语应用标本宾格，us是we的宾格。 15Dother意为“别的、其它的”，可修饰单数名词，也可修饰复数名词。others表示“别人”或“别的事物”，是泛指的复数概念。the other是特指的“其余的（人或物）”。another是泛指的“另一个（人或物）。” 16BShe在句中作主语，故用主格，her作物主代词。 17A 18C代词作宾语应用宾格。 19C此处的either可换用each； both后修饰复数名词。 20D后一个分句说“没有用”，当然是“两个都不喜欢。” 21C前一句说“她们都累了”，后一句说“他们都不愿停下来休息”，故填none 22A“人多（many）”故然“噪音大（much）”。 23Aeach可作主语，而every不能，故第一空填each。every 和each 都不可作定语，但every强调全体，而each强调“个体”，故第二空填every。24A前一句说“让大家靠近些”。后一句是说希望大家谁也不要掉队，故用none。 25A前一空填little，表示“水很少”第二空填a few，修饰可数名词 glasses，注意quite a few的意思是“好几个”。26A注意第二句中的herself意为“亲自”。 27A乙方说“Excuse me”，是表示他正在查点他的东西。 28D形容词修饰something、anything之类的复合不定代词应后置。 29A“我的父亲”忙于工作，故几乎没有时间做家务，故用little 30A填all，表示“所有的男孩”都在做游戏。B项的each作主语，are应改为is。C项本身就是错的，the不能放在both前。因为此句没有表示否定含义（即选none的条件），故不能选之。 31D句意：“那个男孩向他妈妈许诺再也不对她撒谎了。”promise sb（never） to do sth向某人许诺（永远不）做某事了。 lie to sb对某人撒谎。32Bjust a little只来一点；just a few只有几个. 33B 34C此题考查else的所有格形式，else修饰复合不定代词需后置，其所有格形式是在else后加s，因此在anyone后加s是没有道理的。35Cit 做形式宾语，代替在句尾作真正宾语的不定式短语to ride a horse，very interesting是形容词短语作宾语补足语。注意此句型结构：“findit名词形容词分词to do sth”36B用something表示邀请。如用 anything则非邀请，而是单纯的询问。37B38Cyourself与后面的me相对应。39B，除了八位女教师之外的“余者（the others）”是男教师 40B地板上还“有点儿（a little）水”。巩固练习： . Choose the best answer( ) 1. This is a very old song, so _ young people know it.A: few B: little c: a few D: a little( ) 2. The two fishermen saw _ in the sky while they were fishing by a river. A: something strange B: anything strange C: strange something D: strange anything( ) 3. There arent many oranges here, but you can take _ if you want to. A: few B: a few C: a little D: little( ) 4. There are twenty teachers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers. A: the other B: the others C: others D: other( ) 5. My sports shoes are too small. I want to buy _ pair. A: the others B: the other C: other D: another( ) 6. I didnt like the cross talk. _ of the actors was funny. A: Both B: All C: Neither D: Either( ) 7. _ of us has read the story. A: Some B: Both C: All D: None( ) 8. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming, _ like ball games. A: the others B: others C: the other D: other( ) 9. There are many high-rises on _ side of Huaihai Road. What a magnificent view! A: either B: neither C: both D: all( ) 10. Shanghai Waihuan tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us _ time to go to Pudong International Airport. A: a few B: fewer C: a little D: less( ) 11. Not long ago, our country set up a rocket with two small satellites into space. One weighed 204 kilos and _ 25 kilos. A: another B: other C: others D: the other( ) 12. In order to keep healthy, you should eat _ fast food, _ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise. A: fewer; fewer B: less; more C: fewer; more D: less; less( ) 13. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. _ of them have set a good example to us. A: All B: Neither C: Both D: None( ) 14. Mr. Smith is quite busy today. He has _ meetings to attend. A: little B: a little C: few D: a few( ). 15. Obey the traffic rules and learn to protect yourself. _ is more important than life. A: Nothing B: Something C: Everything D: Anything( ) 16. Can we do our work better with _ money and _ people? A: less, few B: less, fewer C: little;, less D: few, less( ) 17. He has two flats in London. However, _ is new. A: both B: neither C: all D: none( ) 18. There is _ with your watch. It gets slower every day. A: nothing wrong B: something wrong C: wrong something D: wrong nothing( ) 19. It seems that he has got _ to show us. Lets go and enjoy it. A: something interesting B: interesting something C: nothing something D: interesting nothing( ) 20. _ of your answer is right. Please try a third time. A: Neither B: None C: Either D: Both( ) 21. _ Kathy _ Alice _ at home last Sunday. A: Neither, nor, were B: Both, and, was C: Either, or, was D: Not only, but also, were( ) 22. _ of the winners has been awarded a prize. A: Every B: everyone C: Each D: Both( ) 23. There is _ ink in my pen. Would you give me _? A: little, a little B: a little, little C: few, a few C: a few, few( ) 24. The days in winter are shorter than _ in summer. A: those B: that C: these D: them( ) 25. They dont go to Europe for holiday, _. A: neither will we B: neither do we C: so will we D: so we will( ) 26. It must be your first time to meet each other. Let me do the introduction. _ is Mr. Smith. A: He B: There C: This D: That ( ) 27. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. _ can do. A: something, Something B: anything, Anything C: something, Anything D: anything, Something( ) 28. _ of us likes this song in our class. A: None B: No one C: All D: Both( ) 29. I have a sister and two brothers. _ of them are now in Japan. A: Both B: Everyone C: Either D: All( )30. Is there any water in the bottle? No, _. A: none B: nothing C: not many D: quite a few( ) 31. Her work is better than _ in our class. A: anyone B: anyones C: anyones else D: anyone elses( ) 32. Which do you prefer, the red one or the green one? _. A: None B: Any C: Either D: Every( ) 33. _ is interested in such a silly play. A: No one B: None of us C: All of us D: We all. Rewrite the sentences as required1. Both Tom and Tim are good at sports. （ 改为否定句 ）_ _ Tom _ Tim _ good at sports.2. This problem is so difficult that nobody can work it out. （ 保持原意 ）This problem is _ _ difficult for _ _ to work out.3. All of them are teachers. （ 改为否定句 ）_ _ of them _ a teacher.4. This answer is wrong. That answer is also wrong. （ 保持句意 ）_ _ this answer _ _ that one is right.三、用some，any，no，every与thing，one，body构成的复合不定代词填空。 1. Dont worry. There is _ wrong with you. 2. If you dont tell _ about it, _ will know. 3.Can you hear _? Yes, but I cant see _. 4. Please get _ ready at once. Well go at nine oclock. 5. Would you like _ to eat? 6. Is there _ here? I want some help. 7. Listen! _ is coming. 8._ was interested in the game. 历年中考真题回顾：1. Wow! Youve got so many clothes.-But _ of them are in fashion now.A. all B. both C. neither D. none2. Charles was alone at home, with_ looking after him.A. someone B. anyone C. not one D. no one3. Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer _ of them.A other B any C none D some4. The CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get_ completely free.A. other B. others C. one D. ones 5. Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in_way or another for the better. A. any B. one C. every D. either 6. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing 7. -The exam was difficult, wasnt it? -No, but I dont think _ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D everybody 8There is _ with your car. A. nothing seriously wrong B. seriously wrong nothing C. nothing wrong seriously D. wrong seriously nothing 9He asked me if there was _ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy something C. something easy enough D. something enough easy 10. Is _ here? No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybodyB. somebody C. everybodyD. nobody11. One weeks time has been wasted. I cant believe we did all that work for _. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything