天津市中考英语一轮复习 被动语态课件.ppt

被动语态 一 英语的谓语动词有两种语态 WespeakEnglish 主语 谓语 宾语 Englishisspokenbyus 主语 谓语 宾语 宾变主 主变宾 前加by动变被 看清be 结构分别be pp 主动语态 被动语态 主变被解题步骤 1 找宾语 即动作的承受者 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory Shoes 2 判断宾语的单复数 即be动词的单复数 arewere 3 判断动词的时态 即be动词的时态 4 修改谓语的时态 即原句动词改为过去分词 made 5 修改原句的主语 即by 主语 宾语 bythem Tombrokethewindow ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom Tombrokethewindows ThewindowswerebrokenbyTom Hebrokethewindows Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim 一般现在时 am is aredone一般过去时 was weredone现在进行时 am is arebeingdone过去进行时 was werebeingdone现在完成时 have hasbeendone过去完成时 hadbeendone一般将来时 shall willbedone begoingtobedone当句中含有情态动词时 句子结构为can must haveto bedone 1 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主语 及物动词 宾语 Shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 一般现在时 S 主语 am is are 过去分词 变为被动语态 Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday WecallthesnowmanMrStrong ThesnowmaniscalledMrStrong Weusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom 2 Theyboughttencomputerslastterm Tencomputerswerebought bythem lastterm 一般过去时 S was were 过去分词 Heboughthisfriendsomefruitsyesterday Hisfriendwasboughtsomefruitsyesterday Somefruitswereboughtforhisfriendyesterday 4 AbycantakegoodcareofTina TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby 情态动词 S can may must should be 过去分词 Hecancarrythebasketeasily Thebasketcanbeeasilycarriedbyhim Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem Wemustputtheminthefridge Thedogsthought Theymustbeputinthefridge Thedogsthought 3 Theywillfinishtheworkintendays Theworkwillbefinished bythem intendays 一般将来时 S will be 过去分词 Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow 现在进行时 S am is are being 过去分词 Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow Asportsmeetingisbeingheld bythem now Wehavemadetwentymorekeys Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus 现在完成时 S have has been 过去分词 Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago Wehadreceivedmanylettersbytheendoflastweek Manylettershadbeenreceivedbytheendoflastweek Theywouldhaveapartythenextday Apartywouldbehad bythem thenextday 1 Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings Knives forcuttingthings 2 Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth Thewindowsoftheirclassroom twiceamonth areused are cleaned 变被动语态 七嘴八舌 3 Ifoundtheticketonthefloor onthefloor 4 Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime She toreturnthebookintime Theticketwasfound wastold 3 Wefoundtheticketonthefloor 5 Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday He onlytwomealsaday 6 Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem Nowcomputers tohelpthem wasmadetohave canbe used 7 Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear atthistimelasttime 8 Mustwefinishourworktoday ourwork today Weremanytreesplanted Mustbefinished 9 Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps 1 somewonderfulstamps 2 Somewonderfulstamps weweregiven were giventous 10 TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer Tom toturnonthecomputer 11 Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework Mostofthework bywomeninthisfactory wasasked isdone 12 Hecanmendthebikeintwodays Thebike intwodays 13 Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday Thismedicine threetimesaday canbemended mustbe taken 14 ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman German bythestudentsinthisschool 15 Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion thisquestionoften about isstudied Is talked bythem Answerrightorwrong 1 必须照看好孩子们 Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof 2 这本书是鲁迅写的 ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun 3 昨天那支笔是他给我的 Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday W R W R W R 4 这辆自行车能修吗 Canthisbikemended Canthisbikebemended 5 街道已由他们清理了 Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem W R W R 必背 动词短语的被动语态 takecareof betakencareof cutdown becutdown laughat belaughedat lookafter belookedafter Theymadeshoesinthatfactory Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory 四 几种值得注意的被动语态变化 带复合宾语的被动语态结构 makesb dosth sb bemadetodosth MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome watchlethavehearseenotice 2 seesb doingsth sb beseendoingsth Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment hear watch Weoftenhearthemsingthissong Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong byus Thissongisoftenheard byus tobesung bythem BobsentKatealetterlastyear KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear tellaskbringwritegiveteachpasslend to HetoldJimastory Mummademeanewdress IwasmadeanewdressbyMum AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum makebuydraw for Iboughtmybrotherabook 注意 约翰打开了收音机 Johnturnedontheradio Theradiowasturnedon 奶奶照看我姐姐 Grandmatakescareofmysister MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma 注 千万不要遗漏介词或副词 Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely Theysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon 类似的还有 Itisreported believed hoped supposedthat Wereport 1 不及物动词没有被动语态 如 belong happen takeplace last cometrue remain succeed fall die arrive 等 Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity Thatbikedoesn tbelongtoMike 不用被动语态的几种情况 不用被动语态的几种情况 2 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态 have fit IhaveaTVset Thecoatfitsmewell 3 祈使句一般没有被动语态 正 Lookattheblackboard please 误 Theblackboardislookedatbyyou 不用被动语态的几种情况 4 系动词没有被动态和进行时态 这鱼味道很好 这条围巾摸上去很软 Thefishtastesgood Thescarffeelssoft 5 反身代词在句中作宾语时 不能用被动语态 例如 正 Youmustlookafteryourself 误 Yourselfmustbelookedafter 4 某些动词形式是主动 但含有被动的意思 这书很好卖 这种布很好洗 Thebooksellswell Thiskindofclothwashesverywell 这书卖完了 Thebookissoldout 这块表需要修理一下 Thewatchneedsmending Thewatchneedstobemended Weneedtomendthewatch want Didhefinishtheworkyesterday Werethebookstakenawaybythegirl Didthegirltakeawaythebooks WasthewindowbrokenbyTom Tom thewindow Didbreak Wastheworkfinishedbyhimyesterday Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion thisquestionoften about Is talked bythem Doesn tBobcleanthestreeteveryday thestreet byBobeveryday Isn tcleaned Hetoldustogettoschoolearly Ourparentsaskustostayathomeatnight Weweretoldtogettoschoolearlybyhim Weareaskedtostayathomeatnight Didyougototheparty No I invite wasn tinvited Thebridge inthreeweeks finish Youcangooutifyourhomework do willbefinished isdone Thisisoneofthethingsthat see thatday wereseen WhenwasPRC found wasseen Thisistheonlyoneofthethingsthat see thatday founded Youshouldgetyourshoes wash washed