人教版PEP小学英语六年级知识要点及习题总复习讲义.doc

人教版PEP山林小学英语六年级知识要点及习题总复习讲义名词复数规则1. 一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es,如： bus-buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches, watch-watches 3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es,如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，（但有一个特例：roofroofs）。 如： knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wives thief-thieves wolf-wolves5.以“o”结尾的单词，如果有生命，加-es；如果没有生命，加-s。如：有生命：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes（芒果）hero-heroes（英雄） Negro- Negroes （黑人）没生命：radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos 6.不规则名词的复数变化： （一）完全不规则： man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese（二）单数复数同形： fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 小练习： 写出下列各词的复数 I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ child _ photo _ diary_day_foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ leaf _ potato _ peach_ bus _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 一般现在时态一般现在时基本用法介绍 1.一般现在时的功能 1）.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2）.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3）.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 2.一般现在时的构成 1）.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2）.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。 (1)当主语为第一、第二人称或复数做主语时，谓动是原形。如： I like English.我喜欢英语。 We study English.我们学习英语。 （2）当主语为第三人称(he, she,it)或单数时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 3.一般现在时的变化 A、be 动词的变化 a.肯变否句，有be动词isamarewaswere，直接在isamare 动词后加not。 (注：我（I）用am,你（you） 用are，is跟着他、她、它，单数和不可数名次用is，复数用are） 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 b.肯变一般疑问句：IsAmare+主语+其它 ? （注：IWe变you,you 变Iwe,其他人称不变） 如：-I am a student.-Are you a student?（注:一般疑问句有肯定和否定回答） -Yes，I am./ No,Im not. c.特殊疑问句：疑问词(HowWhatWhereWhenHow many.)+一般疑问句?（注：特殊疑问句直接回答） 如：Where is my car? Its under the chair.B.行为动词的变化。 a.肯变否定句： 主语（第一、第二人称或复数）+ dont +动词原形(+其它)。如： I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如： He doesnt often play computer games. b.肯变一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它? 当主语为第一、第二人称或复数时用助动词Do构成一般疑问句。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称或单数时，要用Does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. c.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 4.动词第三人称单数加-s或-es形式的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：play-plays, work-works. 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes,do-does 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies. 4.以不发音的e结尾，直接加-s .如：make-makes. 5.特殊词have-has.一般现在时用法专项练习: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ like_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.He often _(have) dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3.We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4.Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5._ they _(like) the World Cup? 6.What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7._ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8.The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9.She and I _(watch) TV together every evening. 10.There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11.Mike _(like) cooking. 12.They _(have) the same hobby. 13.My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14.You always _(do) your homework well. 15.I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16.She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17.Liu Tao _(do not) like PE. 18.The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday. 三、按照要求改写句子 1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _ 2.I am a teacher.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) _ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _ 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) _ 7.I like taking pictures on the holiday.(对划线部分提问) _ 8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _ 9.She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) _ 四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Miss wei teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _ 现在进行时态1.现在进行时表示事情现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构由be+动词ing. (即is amarewaswere+v-ing) 。3. 现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 (即is amarewaswere+not+v-ing) 4. 现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首. (即Is AmAreWasWere +主语+v-ing）5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 疑问词(HowWhatWhereWhenHow many.) + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3单音节词以辅元辅结尾，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习： 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen ！Some girls _( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look ！ They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.-What is our mother doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换： 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _ 3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问) _ 一般将来时态一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构： be going to + do； will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to take a trip this weekend. Are you going to take a trip this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1.问人,用疑问词Who 。例如：Im going to New York tomorrow. Whos going to New York tomorrow？ 2.问干什么。用What do.例如：My father is going to watch TV this afternoon. What is your father going to do this afternoon？ 3.问什么时候。用When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 将来时态练习： 填空。 1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4.你们打算什么时候去旅行。 When_ you _ _ take a trip? 改句子。 5.Nancy is going to go shopping.（改否定句） Nancy _ going to go shopping. 6.Ill go swimming with them.（改否定句） I _ go swimming with them. 7.Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will take a bus to the library.（改一般疑问句） _ _ take a bus to the library? 9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school? 10.My father and mother are going to do housework tomorrow.(对划线部分提问) _ _ going to do housework tomorrow?用所给词的适当形式填空。 11.Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 12.My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He _ (go) to school by bike. 14.What do you usually do on weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(watch) insects? 15.Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _(watch) TV and _ (catch) insects. 16. What _(do) you do last Sunday? I _(pick) apples on a farm. What _you_(do) next Sunday? I _collect stamps. 17.Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 18.Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 19.David _ (have) a birthday party next Monday. 20.I _ (plan) for my study now. 一般过去时态1 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday，last weekend mondayyear.,the day before yesterday等2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如：What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则： 1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work-worked, clean-cleaned 2以不发音e结尾，直接加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不规则动词过去式：（需自己记忆） am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came,have/has-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, can-could,shall-should,bring-brought, lose-lost,sleep-slept,find-found,hurt-hurt,keep-kept,leave-left,send-sent,cut-cut,drive-drove,fall-fell,sell-sold,stand-stood,think-thought, sit-sat,let-let,write-wrote,teach-taught,tell-told,一般过去时练习 写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ think_Be动词的过去时练习（1） 一、用动词的适当形式填空 1.I _ （go)to school yesterday. 2.He _ (study) English last weekend. 3.Amy and Luce _ students two years ago. 4.We （eat）many oranges just now. 5.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7.There _ some milk in the fridge last Sunday. 8.The phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、句型转换 1. It was exciting. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 3. They were in the woods. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 形容词比较级一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个或两者以上事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。（形容词比较级 +than)2形容词比较级的规则： 一般在词尾加er ； 以不发音字母e 结尾，加r ； 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。3不规则形容词比较级： good-better, beautiful-more beautiful形容词比较级练习：(一)、写出下列形容词的比较级 old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ strong_big_small_ fat_ thin_ heavy_funny_ early_good_ beautiful_(二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Tom is _(fat) than Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? 6. Marys hair is _(long) than Lucys.7.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit二、物主代词 数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的用所给词的适当形式填空1. The yellow picture is_（my）.2. The dog is _(Mike)3. Whose book is it ?-Its _(he).4. Look!This is my computer,That is _(you).5. _(she)name is Amy.6. These books are_(they),and those are_(you)7. Your feet are bigger than_(my)8. Are these_(we)?9_(it) name is Mewmew.10._(they) tails are longer then the rabbits.完全,缩略形式 Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not 学生易错知识1. a, an的选择: 单词发音为元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a. 2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are；I 用 am ；you 用 are； is跟着hesheit. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have； I ,you 用 have ； hesheit用has.4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 6.疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)