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八年级下册Unit 2 What should I do? 单元笔记一丶重点短语1argue v争论；争吵 argue with sb与某人吵架 I argued with my best friend我和我的好朋友吵架了。 2 either adv.（用于否定句）也 He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either他没有钱，我也没有。 I cant play chess. She cant, either.我不会下国际象棋，她也不会。 too 也（用于肯定或疑问句） Im a teacherHe is a teacher, too我是老师，他也是老师。 3ask （sb）for sth向某人寻求某物；要 Dont ask for food every dayGo and find some work 别天天要饭，找点儿工作做。 I dont think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。 4the same as. 与相同 （注意前后两个比较对象的属性保持一致）The clothes are the same as my friends这些衣服与我朋友的一样。 Tom is the same age as Anna Tom is as old as Anna汤姆和安娜一样大。 Her backpack is the same as mine. 她的背包与我的一样。 5except 除以外；（不包括在内） My class has been invited except me除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。 All the students went to the park except him除了他之外，全体同学都去过公园了。 They all traveled America except her. 除了她以外，所有的学生都去美国旅行过。 注意区别：besides 除以外，还有.（包括在内） We all went there besides him除他去以外，我们也都去了。( He went thereWe went there, too) 他也去了，我们也去了！/大家都去了！ There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外还有5名访客 （加上我是6个）6wrong adj错误的；有毛病的；不合适的 Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?) Ive got a headache我头痛。 Whats wrong with your watch? It doesnt work.你的手表怎么了？它不走了。 注意：Whats the matter with you?= Whats wrong with you ?=Whats the trouble with you? 你怎么了？/你出什么事了？7get on（well） with sb与某人相处（融洽） get on ( well ) with sth 某事进展地好The students will get on well with the teacher学生会和老师相处得非常好。 How are you going on with your new friends? 你和你的新朋友相片如何 ？These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job. 这些天，格林先生的工作进展很顺利8have a fight with sb fight with sb与某人打架 I dont want to have a fight with my cousin 我不想和我的堂兄打架。 They never fight with each other.They are really good friends. 他们从不打架，他们的确是好朋友。 二、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures) What should I do? You could write him a letter What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him What should they do? They shouldnt argue三、词语辨析 1. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借进某物 （借回来） lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth 把某物借给某人 （借出去）注： borrow sth. from sb. 是指该句的主语从别人处(往里)借进某物 例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天从露西处借了那本字典. lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 是指该句的主语把某物（往外）借给别人用 例如：Could you lend me your car? =Could you lend your car to me?请你借给我你的车用一下好吗？2. get sb. to do 使做（以人为对象时，有“说服使做”的含义） He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。 Youll never get her to agree. 你决不可能使她同意。 ask sb. to do 邀请（人）做 We asked her to come to our party.我们请她来参加聚会 tell sb. to do让某人做某事 例如： The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老师那天让他完成那项工作。3、be in style 时髦的，流行的 be out of style 过时的，不时髦的 例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。 Those clothes are out of style. 那些衣服过时了。四、课文解释1、I dont want to surprise him. 我不想让他感到意外。 此处surprise是及物动词 surprise sb. 使某人感到吃惊 eg. My friend always surprises me.2、talk about it on the phone 用电话就此事进行交流On the phone 在电话里 。不能使用 in the phone、eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday. 他们昨天在电话里谈了很多3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call 给某人打电话4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb. 给某人写信5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券 (注意to 译为：.的)eg. They got two tickets to tonights show.他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。6、She has the same haircut as I do. 她和我有相同的发型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out （经过某人的研究、努力）发现，查出，找出You should find out the answer for yourself.你应该自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me. 除了我以外，我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请（信）此句中else一词不能单独使用，它必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面，或跟在特殊疑问词像“what, where”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”eg. What else 别的什么， Who else 其他谁 someone else 其他人9、I cant think what I did wrong. 我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句，应用陈述语序 （即 ：主语+动词）10、Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作know的宾语，可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I dont know what I should do.”请大家背熟以下两个常见结构： I dont know what to do .我不知道该做什么。 I dont know how to do it. 我不知道该怎么去做它。11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有许多你能做的事。此句中 you could do是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“things”12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。leave sth. +介词短语，是“把忘在，落在（某处）的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。 注：千万不能根据汉语的说法写为：forget sth ,只能用leave sth.表示“落下”13、You should try to be funny. 你应该试着幽默一些。 Try to do努力做，试着做，尽量做 而try not to do 是尽量不做eg. Please try not to be late again. 请尽量不要再迟到。14、Their school days are busy enough. 他们的学校生活是够忙的。 enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够的” （后置）eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。15、be under too much pressure. 在太多的压力下16、see other children doing a lot of things 看别的孩子在做许多事see sb. doing 看见某人正在干某事 （强调动作正在进行）See sb do sth 看见某人做过某事 （强调动作已结束）eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球17、find it hard to do sth. 发现做（事）很难 He found it hard to learn math well. 他发现学好数学很难注：it 初中阶段常作：形式主语 /形式宾语 ，而句子真正的主语/宾语则由to do 来担当.八年级下册 Unit 2 What should I do ? 练习题一丶单项选择 1. Im not good at math. I really dont know_.A. what should I do B.how should do C.what to do 2. My best friend is the same_. We are both 12 years old. A. as my age B.age as me C.as me age3. Can you_ what time the meeting starts? A.find out B.look after C.find4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are always_ A.in style B. Out of style C.new and smart5. Dad, I dont have enough money to buy a CD. Could you_me some? A.borrow B.lend C.keep6. Dont argue_ your parents. Its not polite. A.to B.for C.with7. “What should I do ?” “_ you could get_part-time job.” A.Maybe ,a B.May be ,/ C.Really, a8.-Youd better not go out now. Its raining. - It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep_ the rain. A.in B.of C.out9. Its a beautiful coat. But he _ only 30 dollars for it. A. paid B.bought C.spent 10.The weather is_ for us to go swiming. A.enough warm B.warm enough C.too warm11.He_ his homework at home yesterday. A. left B.leaves C.forgot12. Could you give me_ to eat? Im hungry.A.anything B.something C.some thing13. If you are wrong, you should _sorry _others.A. talk, to B.say, to C.speak, about14. I was told to be here before seven. - Oh, you_ .Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A. must B.cant C.neednt15. Whats wrong _ your radio? - It doesnt work. A. to B.with C.for二丶根据首字母及句意完成单词。1. We a_ with the taxi driver about the money yesterday.2. Under the p_ of modern life, many people feel very tired.3. Everyone went to play soccer e_ Tom ,because he doesnt like it.4. She didnt go to bed u_her mother came back last night.5. Julia f_ her test,so she was very upset.三丶甩所给词的适当形式填空。1. Dont be stressed out. You should try _ (be) relaxed.2. Give me_ (free) or let me die3. I plan to _ (surprised) her at her birthday party.4. Could you please _ (pass) me those dumplings?5. Im very upset and dont know what _ (do). 四丶根据汉语完成句子。1. 她生你的气了，所以你她打电话。 She _ _ _ you, so you should _ _ _.2. 你能给我一些建议吗？Could you give me _ _ ?3. Henry很失落，不知道该怎么做。Henry is very _ and doesnt know _ _ _ .4. 星期三詹姆斯把他的历史书落在家里了James_ his history book _ _ on _.5. 孩子们需要时间和自由去玩耍与思考。Children need _ and _ to play and think.英语人教版八年级下册Unit2教案1 Phrases in Unit 1study at home on computer 在家通过电脑学习 live to be 150 years old 活到150岁 fewer people更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）less free time 更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定） (many /much) more +可数名词复数/不可数名词 更多的 in five years 五年后(一般将来时) Sb will be a +职业 某人将成为 live in an apartment 住在公寓里 fly to the moon 飞到月亮上 fall in love with 爱上 be able to do sth =can do sth 能做 keep a pet parrot养宠物鹦鹉 What will the weather be like tomorrow ?明天天气将会怎么样？ come true 实现 hear of 听说 hundreds of 数百 thousands of 数千wake up 醒来 wake sb up唤醒某人Its +形容词+(for sb)+to do sth 对某人而言，做某事是的 over and over again 反复，一遍又一遍 *get bored变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等）*I dont agree. = I disagree.我不同意*besides（除之外还，包括）与except =but（除之外，不包括）They have classes every day but （except）Saturday and Sunday。*be able to与can 能、会（be able to用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而must只能用于一般现在时态）例如：I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can）*Its （not）+ adj+ for/of sb to do sthIts not easy for him to learn a foreign language.Its very nice of you to help us.2. Language Points1. People will have robots in their homes. 人们家里将会有机器人。 will助动词，表单纯的未来。用于陈述句表“将，会”。 e.g. I will (Ill) be 15 next month.下个月我就15岁了。 Mr. Green will be back soon. He wont be back before 10. 否定句：wont = will not will用于疑问句意为“会吗？” e.g. Will you be free on Friday evening? Will people have robots?2. There will only be one country.将会只有一个国家。 There will be 是there be句型的将来时态。 e.g. There wont be any paper money. （否定） Will there be less pollution? (疑问) Yes, there will./ No, there wont. There will be more people. (肯定) 常见错误：there will have3. I think there will be more / less pollution. fewer 与less及more表数量的用法。（1）few（形容词）“几乎没有，很少的”，修饰可数名词。其比较级、最高级为规则变化：fewfewerfewest。“a few”表示“一些”，“few”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。例：a few days ago, for a few weeks, He has few friends here. There will be fewer trees. （2）little（形容词）“很少的，几乎没有的”（“小的，幼小的”），修饰不可数名词。其比较级、最高级为不规则变化：littlelessleast。“a little”表“一些”，“little”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。例： Theres little food left. We have to buy some. Theres a little water in the cup. There will be less pollution. He finished it within the least time. （3）many“许多”，修饰可数名词。much“许多”，修饰可数名词。 many / more比较级、最高级为不规则变化：many / much moremost。 例：I have many magazines. She has more magazines. But he has the most. There will be more people on the earth in future. More and more students start to exercise more every day to keep fit. 4. 注：except“除了”，不包含其后的事物或人，而besides表“除了”含义时包含其后的事物或人。 例：All the students passed the exam except Tom. Besides Tom, Mary and Peter will come to the dinner. She just sits beside me in the classroom.5. Well, I dont agree.我不同意 I dont agree 相当于 I disagree agree 的用法:agree with sb.“同意某人（的意见）”， agree on sth. “在某事上达成共识”， agree to do sth. “同意做某事”， agree that“同意” agree to 同意（计划，主意）” 例句： He and his brother never agreed on anything. 他和他弟弟从未在任何一件事上达成共识。Do you agree with me? 你同意我的意见吗？He didnt agree with what I said. 他不同意我所说的话。Did he agree to this plan? 他同意这个计划吗？6. go swimming 去游泳 类似的短语还有： go skating 去滑冰 go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西 go hiking 去远足7. be on vacation 度假 Where will go be on vacation? 你将去哪儿度假8. Five years ago, Sally was in high school. 五年前，萨利在读中学。 Today, Sally is in college. 现在，萨利在读大学。英语中，常可用“be+介词短语” 表示一个正在从事的活动，此时，介词短语中往往没有冠词，如be at work“在工作”9. fall in love with 爱上 fall in love with a girl 爱上一个女孩 fall in love with a country 爱上一个国家 注 fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它与feel（感觉）很像。 fallfellfallen feelfeltfelt. fall 构成的词组还有：fall behind “落后，跟不上”，fall down “摔倒”, fall into“落入之中”，fall off“从上掉下来”e.g. (1) Work hard, or you will fall behind. 努力学习，否则你会落后的。 (2) The girl fell off her bike and hurt herself. 那个女孩从自行车上掉了下来，摔伤了自己。 (3) If you walk on the wall, you will fall down. 如果你去墙头上走，你就会摔倒。10alone adj.（只作表语） adv. 独自；单独 He was alone in the house 他一个人在屋里 I went to the movies alone，I felt lonely. 我独自去看电影了，我觉得很孤独 注 alone 表示“单独的，独自一人的”，不含感情色彩.做形容词时，只能在be动词或系动词之后做表语与lonely不同，lonely表示“孤独的，寂寞的”含有丰富的感情色彩.lonely做形容词时，可做定语和表语。如: a lonely village 孤寂的村庄.11keep vt.& vi. keep 有好几个意思，在本课中做“饲养；喂养”讲，相当于feed。 keep a pet parrot 养一只宠物鹦鹉 feed a cat with fish 给猫喂鱼（1）保住；保留：Ill try my best to keep my job. 我要尽力保住我的工作。（2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（这对我来说可是太难了）（3）保持（某状态）：Keep silent! 保持沉默！ Keep top side up! 请勿倒放！（“保持上方朝上”不就是“请勿倒放”吗？）（4）继续；持续：They kept walking. 他们继续步行。12. She played soccer. 她踢足球。She plays the guitar. 她弹吉他。 在英语中，球类动词前不加冠词，但表示弹奏乐器时，乐器前一定要加 the. 另外，表示吃三餐饭时，表三餐饭的单词前也不加冠词，但当三餐饭前有修饰词时，常可用冠词a,如 have a big breakfast“吃一顿丰盛的早餐” （1） What did you have breakfast today? A. a B. for C. for a D. for the (2) -When will you play ? - On Saturday. A. a tennis B. violin C. the basketball D. the piano12. Predicting the future can be difficult. 预知未来可能很难。 Predicting the future 是动名词短语作主语。在英语中，动名词短语相当于一个名词，在句子中常可以作主语、宾语，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。这种句式还可以用“Its+adj.+ to do sth.”替换，其中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 to do 不定式结构。e.g. (1) Drinking milk for breakfast is good for your health. = Its good for your health to drink milk for breakfast. (2) Playing football in the street is dangerous. = It is dangerous to play football in the street. 13. There are many famous predictions that never come true. 有一些著名的语言从来没有实现过。Come 构成的词组有：come from “来自”，come back “回来”, come over “过来，顺便来访”，come down “下来”，come on “快点”，come out“出来（常指花开出来，照片洗出来，书出版等）”14. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting people. 作为一名记者，我想我会接触到许多有趣的人。
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